Economic dispatch

About: Economic dispatch is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7263 publications have been published within this topic receiving 153810 citations.

Particle swarm optimization to solving the economic dispatch considering the generator constraints

Abstract: This paper proposes a particle swarm optimization (PSO) method for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems. Many nonlinear characteristics of the generator, such as ramp rate limits, prohibited operating zone, and nonsmooth cost functions are considered using the proposed method in practical generator operation. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated for three different systems, and it is compared with the GA method in terms of the solution quality and computation efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed PSO method was indeed capable of obtaining higher quality solutions efficiently in ED problems.

Genetic algorithm solution of economic dispatch with valve point loading

Abstract: A genetics-based algorithm is proposed to solve an economic dispatch problem for valve point discontinuities. The algorithm utilizes payoff information of candidate solutions to evaluate their optimality. Thus, the constraints of classical LaGrangian techniques on unit curves are circumvented. The formulations of an economic dispatch computer program using genetic algorithms are presented and the program's performances using two different encoding techniques are compared. The results are verified for a sample problem using a dynamic programming technique. >

A particle swarm optimization for economic dispatch with nonsmooth cost functions

Abstract: This work presents a new approach to economic dispatch (ED) problems with nonsmooth cost functions using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The practical ED problems have nonsmooth cost functions with equality and inequality constraints that make the problem of finding the global optimum difficult using any mathematical approaches. A modified PSO (MPSO) mechanism is suggested to deal with the equality and inequality constraints in the ED problems. A constraint treatment mechanism is devised in such a way that the dynamic process inherent in the conventional PSO is preserved. Moreover, a dynamic search-space reduction strategy is devised to accelerate the optimization process. To show its efficiency and effectiveness, the proposed MPSO is applied to test ED problems, one with smooth cost functions and others with nonsmooth cost functions considering valve-point effects and multi-fuel problems. The results of the MPSO are compared with the results of conventional numerical methods, Tabu search method, evolutionary programming approaches, genetic algorithm, and modified Hopfield neural network approaches.

Achieving Controllability of Electric Loads

Abstract: This paper discusses conceptual frameworks for actively involving highly distributed loads in power system control actions. The context for load control is established by providing an overview of system control objectives, including economic dispatch, automatic generation control, and spinning reserve. The paper then reviews existing initiatives that seek to develop load control programs for the provision of power system services. We then discuss some of the challenges to achieving a load control scheme that balances device-level objectives with power system-level objectives. One of the central premises of the paper is that, in order to achieve full responsiveness, direct load control (as opposed to price response) is required to enable fast time scale, predictable control opportunities, especially for the provision of ancillary services such as regulation and contingency reserves. Centralized, hierarchical, and distributed control architectures are discussed along with benefits and disadvantages, especially in relation to integration with the legacy power system control architecture. Implications for the supporting communications infrastructure are also considered. Fully responsive load control is illustrated in the context of thermostatically controlled loads and plug-in electric vehicles.

An Economic Dispatch Model Incorporating Wind Power

Abstract: In solving the electrical power systems economic dispatch (ED) problem, the goal is to find the optimal allocation of output power among the various generators available to serve the system load. With the continuing search for alternatives to conventional energy sources, it is necessary to include wind energy conversion system (WECS) generators in the ED problem. This paper develops a model to include the WECS in the ED problem, and in addition to the classic economic dispatch factors, factors to account for both overestimation and underestimation of available wind power are included. With the stochastic wind speed characterization based on the Weibull probability density function, the optimization problem is numerically solved for a scenario involving two conventional and two wind-powered generators. Optimal solutions are presented for various values of the input parameters, and these solutions demonstrate that the allocation of system generation capacity may be influenced by multipliers related to the risk of overestimation and to the cost of underestimation of available wind power.