Topic
Effective mass (solid-state physics)
About: Effective mass (solid-state physics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12539 publications have been published within this topic receiving 295485 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, a new resonant tunneling process is discussed theoretically, which relies on elastic intervalley transfers between different band minima, e.g., between Γ and X minima in a GaAs•AlAs system.
Abstract: A new resonant tunneling process is discussed theoretically. The process relies on elastic intervalley transfers between different band minima, e.g., between Γ and X minima in a GaAs‐AlAs system. Single layer GaAs‐AlAs‐GaAs heterostructures are analyzed. An effective mass envelope function approach is used, and a delta‐function transfer potential at heterointerfaces is employed. A resonance in the transmission coefficient is clearly seen, which gives rise to a negative differential resistance region in the current‐voltage characteristic.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explain the two important reasons for the introduction of strain into the active region of a quantum-well laser, which greatly enhance almost all characteristics of semiconductor lasers and make possible a wide range of applications.
Abstract: This tutorial article explains the two important reasons for the introduction of strain into the active region of a quantum-well laser. First, it reduces the density of states at the top of the valence band, which allows population inversion to be obtained at a lower carrier density. Second, it distorts the 3-D symmetry of the crystal lattice and matches it more closely to the 1-D symmetry of the laser beam. Together these effects greatly enhance almost all characteristics of semiconductor lasers and make possible a wide range of applications. Combinations of compressive and tensile strain can also be used, for example, to produce nonabsorbing mirrors and polarization-insensitive semiconductor optical amplifiers.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effective mass as a function of alloy composition for GaxIn1−xAsyP1−y samples grown lattice matched to InP was measured using cyclotron resonance and magnetophonon effect.
Abstract: Cyclotron resonance and the magnetophonon effect have been used to measure the effective mass as a function of alloy composition for GaxIn1−xAsyP1−y samples grown lattice matched to InP. Values of ωτ of up to 6 allow an accurate measurement of effective mass, which is found to depend linearly upon alloy composition y with the relation m*/m0=0.080−0.039y. The observation of shallow impurity transitions in a quaternary alloy is also reported.
78 citations
TL;DR: The an Harmonicity of the interaction potential between atoms is shown to result in differences between kink and antikink parameters, which are proportional to the value of the anharmonicity that rises with increasing exponent n of the interactions as well as at a changeover from a complex to a simpler unit cell.
Abstract: We study a nonlocal Frenkel-Kontorova model that describes a one-dimensional chain of atoms moving in a periodic external potential and repulsing one another according to a long-range law, e.g., the power law \ensuremath{\sim}${\mathit{x}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{n}}$. The investigation is carried out both numerically and analytically in approximations of a weak or strong bond between atoms. Static characteristics of kinks (topological solitons) such as the effective mass, shape, and amplitude of the Peierls potential, the interaction energy of kinks, and the creation energy of kink-antikink pairs are calculated for different (exponential and power with n=1 and 3) laws of the interparticle interaction and various concentrations of atoms, i.e., ratio between the external potential period and the average spacing of atoms in the chain. The anharmonicity of the interaction potential between atoms is shown to result in differences between kink and antikink parameters, which are proportional to the value of the anharmonicity that rises with increasing exponent n of the interaction potential as well as at a changeover from a complex to a simpler unit cell. It is noted that at a power law of the interparticle repulsion this law describes also the asymptotics of the kink shape as well as the interaction energy of the kinks. Because of this, the dependence of, e.g., the amplitude of the Peierls potential versus the atom concentration, is similar to the ``devil's staircase.'' The applicability of the extended Frenkel-Kontorova model for describing diffusion characteristics of a quasi-one-dimensional layer adsorbed on a crystal surface is discussed.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the actual band-gap energy of Zn3N2 polycrystalline films with n+-type conductivity is 1.06eV and that the significant blue shift of the optical band gap with increasing carrier concentration obeys the relation Eopt=1.06+1.30×10−14ne2∕3.
Abstract: Zn3N2 polycrystalline films with n+-type conductivity have been grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and rf-molecular beam epitaxy with carrier concentration in the range between 1019 and ∼1020cm−3. Oxygen contamination without an intentional doping was found to be a cause of high electron concentration, leading to a larger band-gap energy due to Burstein-Moss shift. The significant blue shift of the optical band gap Eopt with increasing carrier concentration ne obeys the relation Eopt=1.06+1.30×10−14ne2∕3. This evaluation enables the conclusion that the actual band-gap energy of Zn3N2 is 1.06eV. Electron effective mass m* for Zn3N2 has been deduced from Fourier transform infrared reflectivity measurements to be (0.29±0.05)mo.
78 citations