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Effective mass (solid-state physics)

About: Effective mass (solid-state physics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12539 publications have been published within this topic receiving 295485 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that, for GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs superlattices, the hole subband structure and related properties are sensitive to the orientation because of the large anisotropy of the valence band.
Abstract: An effective-mass formulation for superlattices grown on (11N)-oriented substrates is given. It is found that, for GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs superlattices, the hole subband structure and related properties are sensitive to the orientation because of the large anisotropy of the valence band. The energy-level positions for the heavy hole and the optical transition matrix elements for the light hole apparently change with orientation. The heavy- and light-hole energy levels at k parallel-to = 0 can be calculated separately by taking the classical effective mass in the growth direction. Under a uniaxial stress along the growth direction, the energy levels of the heavy and light holes shift down and up, respectively; at a critical stress, the first heavy- and light-hole energy levels cross over. The energy shifts caused by the uniaxial stress are largest for the (111) case and smallest for the (001) case. The optical transition matrix elements change substantially after the crossover of the first heavy- and light-hole energy has occurred.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Abstract: The charge transport in the amorphous Si3N4 is studied experimentally and theoretically. We have found, that widely accepted Frenkel model of the trap ionization gives the unphysical low value of the attempt to escape factor, and the enormously high value of the electron tunnel mass. Experimental data are well described by theory of the two-bands conduction and the phonon-assisted trap ionization in Si3N4.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of inhomogeneity due to the harmonic confinement were modeled by an effective one-body model where both the mass and the spring constant are renormalized.
Abstract: We investigate a temporal evolution of an impurity atom in a one-dimensional trapped Bose gas following a sudden change of the boson-impurity interaction strength. Our focus is on the effects of inhomogeneity due to the harmonic confinement. These effects can be described by an effective one-body model where both the mass and the spring constant are renormalized. This is in contrast to the classic renormalization, which addresses only the mass. We propose an effective single-particle Hamiltonian and apply the multilayer multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree method for bosons to explore its validity. Numerical results suggest that the effective mass is smaller than the impurity mass, which means that it cannot straightforwardly be extracted from translationally invariant models.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectral line shape of radiative intersubband transitions in a quantum well was investigated, and the electron scattering rate from states of given energy and the mass difference between the two subbands involved were determined.
Abstract: We investigate the spectral line shape of radiative intersubband transitions in a quantum well as determined by two factors: the electron scattering rate from states of given energy and the mass difference between the two subbands involved. The interplay between these factors leads to an essentially non‐Lorentzian form of the spectral line. We develop an analytic theory of the line shape and calculate the dependence of the intersubband optical gain in a quantum well on both the population inversion and the temperature. Under typical conditions, the effect of electron temperature on the gain is similar to that of the lattice temperature, which points to the importance of hot carrier effects in understanding the behavior of intersubband lasers.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the edge configuration and quantum confinement effects on electron transport in armchair-edged graphene nanoribbons (A-GNRs) were investigated by using a computational approach.
Abstract: We investigated edge configuration and quantum confinement effects on electron transport in armchair-edged graphene nanoribbons (A-GNRs) by using a computational approach. We found that the edge bond relaxation has a significant influence not only on the bandgap energy but also on the electron effective mass. We also found that A-GNRs with N = 3m family (N is the number of atoms in its transverse direction, and m is a positive integer) exhibits smaller effective mass by comparing it at the same bandgap energy. As a result, A-GNRs with N = 3m family are found to be favorable for use in channels of field-effect transistors.

64 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202215
2021410
2020421
2019395
2018362
2017412