Showing papers on "Efficient energy use published in 1973"

Energy and the future

Abstract: The materials developed for this project were created largely by undergraduate students at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln with the supervision of project staff. The content of this briefing document should not be attributed to affiliated organizations or the funding agency. They are intended to serve as educational materials about alternative energy issues facing Nebraska for students, teachers, and community members. Owens of the Center for Rural Affairs, and Todd Sneller of the Nebraska Ethanol Board, and we would like to thank them for their time and involvement. We would also like to thank Dr. Ken Cassman and Ann Selzer of the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research for their support and guidance with this project.

Efficiency of Energy Use in the United States: Transportation, space heating, and air conditioning provide opportunities for large energy savings

Abstract: We described three uses of energy for which greater efficiency is feasible: transportation, space heating, and air conditioning. Shifts to less energy-intensive transportation modes could substantially reduce energy consumption; the magnitude of such savings would, of course, depend on the extent of such shifts and possible load factor changes. The hypothetical transportation scenario described here results in a 22 percent savings in energy for transportation in 1970, a savings of 2800 trillion Btu. To the homeowner, increasing the amount of building insulation and, in some cases, adding storm windows would reduce energy consumption and provide monetary savings. If all homes in 1970 had the "economic optimum" amount of insulation, energy consumption for residential heating would have been 42 percent less than if the homes were insulated to meet the pre-1971 FHA standards, a savings of 3100 trillion Btu. Increased utilization of energy-efficient air conditioners and of building insulation would provide significant energy savings and help to reduce peak power demands during the summer. A 67 percent increase in energy efficiency for room air conditioners would have saved 15.8 billion kilowatt-hours in 1970. In conclusion, it is possible—from an engineering point of view—to effect considerable energy savings in the United States. Increases in the efficiency of energy use would provide desired end results with smaller energy inputs. Such measures will not reduce the level of energy consumption, but they could slow energy growth rates.

A Multistage Input-Output Model for Evaluation of the Environmental Impact of Energy Systems

Abstract: A systems model to describe the production of energy is developed. The model considers the efficiency and environmental impact of each stage (extraction, storage, conversion, transmission, etc.) of alternative energy-producing chains (e.g., electric power from coal, oil, etc.). The analytical form of the model is identical to an input-output scheme with technological coefficients that depend upon the specific inputs and efficiencies of each of the stages. An example is presented to show the application of the model to analyze the relationships between energy systems' efficiency and environmental impact.

The Challenge to State Regulation Agencies: The Experience of New York State

Abstract: The Constitution and the nature of the energy market require the federal government to take the lead in resolving this nation's fuel supply problems; however, there is much that the states can do to help resolve the energy crisis The New York State Public Service Commission (PSC) has established restrictions on gas use and a load shedding program New York's recent pioneering legislation for one-stop siting of major power plants and transmission lines should help ensure the construction of needed power facilities which are located and designed for minimum adverse environmental impact The PSC and other agencies in New York are helping the promotion of energy conserva tion and energy efficiency not only in the conversion of fuels to electric power, but also through improved building design, appliances and transportation Finally, New York is promoting increased research and development which has been undertaken by the utilities, the federal government and the state, itself State and federal energy progra

The energy dilemma and its impact on air transportation

Abstract: The dimensions of the energy situation are discussed in relation to air travel. Energy conservation, fuel consumption, and combustion efficiency are examined, as well as the proposal for subsonic aircraft using hydrogen fuel.