scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Effluent

About: Effluent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32668 publications have been published within this topic receiving 533991 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the recent developments and technical applicability of various treatments for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater and evaluated their advantages and limitations in application, including adsorption on new adsorbents, membrane filtration, electrodialysis, and photocatalysis.

2,419 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Major research efforts in the future could focus on the optimization of current technologies and use of combined physico-chemical and/or biological treatment of produced water in order to comply with reuse and discharge limits.

1,862 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the technical applicability of various physico-chemical treatments for the removal of heavy metals such as Cd(II), Cr(III, Cr(VI), Cu(II, Ni(II) and Zn(II).

1,732 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This analysis shows that the highest amounts discharged through secondary effluent pertain to one antihypertensive, and several beta-blockers and analgesics/anti-inflammatories, while the highest risk is posed by antibiotics and several psychiatric drugs and analgesic/ anti- inflammatories.

1,721 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a fractionation system combined with an in vitro assay for detecting estrogenic activity was developed in order to isolate and identify the major estrogenic chemicals present in seven sewage-treatment works (STW) effluents, receiving primarily domestic effluent, discharging into British rivers.
Abstract: A fractionation system, combined with an in vitro assay for detecting estrogenic activity, was developed in order to isolate and identify the major estrogenic chemicals present in seven sewage-treatment works (STW) effluents, receiving primarily domestic effluent, discharging into British rivers. Three sterols were isolated from estrogenic fractions of sewage extracts; these were the natural hormones 17β-estradiol and estrone and the synthetic hormone 17α-ethynylestradiol. 17β-Estradiol and estrone were present in all the effluents at measured concentra tions ranging from 1 ng/L to almost 50 and 80 ng/L, respectively. The concentration of 17α-ethynylestradiol was generally below the limit of detection but was positively identified in three of the effluent samples at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 7.0 ng/L. These data suggest that natural and synthetic hormones may be responsible for the observed induction of vitellogenin synthesis in male fish placed downstream of effluent discharges from STWs that re...

1,668 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Wastewater
92.5K papers, 1.2M citations
97% related
Water quality
67.1K papers, 945.1K citations
92% related
Sorption
45.8K papers, 1.3M citations
85% related
Organic matter
45.5K papers, 1.6M citations
85% related
Groundwater
59.3K papers, 1M citations
84% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20232,088
20224,801
20211,219
20201,341
20191,528
20181,582