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Effluent

About: Effluent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32668 publications have been published within this topic receiving 533991 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that there were several factors causing variability in phosphorus removal, rather than a single cause, and increasing the fermenter VFA yield via supplementary carbon dosing with molasses was found to be an effective and economic way of ensuring reliable phosphorus removal.

124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Algal growth bioassays indicate that wastewater-derived dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is not bioavailable to the algae Selenastrum Capricornutum in the absence of bacteria, and suggest that while it is inappropriate to assume thatewater-derived DON cannot cause cultural eutrophication, it will not cause as much eUTrophication as inorganic nitrogen.

124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It can be concluded that the results of photocatalytic disinfection experiments using E. coli as model bacteria could be reasonably extrapolated to other types of bacteria or bacterial mixtures.
Abstract: Photocatalytic inactivation of two different faecal contamination indicator microorganisms, the Gram-negative Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis , has been studied using TiO 2 in suspension and immobilized onto the reactor wall. The effect of the main variables of the photocatalytic process on the disinfection efficiency has been analyzed using deionized water and a simulated effluent of wastewater treatment plant (WTP). Noticeable differences were observed between both types of bacteria during photolytic experiments without TiO 2 in deionized water, probably due to the higher sensibility of E. coli to the osmotic stress, which leads to a higher cell membrane permeability and consequently a lower amount of hydroxyl radical attacks required to overcome the inactivation threshold. In contrast, despite their structural differences, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria seem to follow the same inactivation mechanism, showing no significant differences in the experiments carried out with TiO 2 in suspension either in deionized water or in WTP simulated effluent, with similar responses to changes in the concentration of catalysts and irradiation power (both variables involved in the hydroxyl radical generation). Similar results are observed using immobilized TiO 2 in deionized water, although disinfection experiments of WTP simulated effluent using immobilized TiO 2 showed much longer initial delays before the beginning of the inactivation for E. faecalis , suggesting a critical effect of the water composition of the bacteria-catalyst interaction. In any case, the irradiation time required to achieved the inactivation below the experimental bacterial detection limit is similar for both microorganisms, and experiments with mixtures of E. faecalis and E. coli in WTP simulated effluent show no significant differences. Therefore, it can be concluded that the results of photocatalytic disinfection experiments using E. coli as model bacteria could be reasonably extrapolated to other types of bacteria or bacterial mixtures.

124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results of a pilot study designed to investigate the application of new generation ceramic membranes for WWTP effluent treatment demonstrated that ozone treatment is effective at degrading colloidal NOMs which are likely responsible for the majority of membrane fouling.

124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this review, the available literature on the mechanisms involved in granulation and how it affects the effluent quality is assessed with special attention given to the microbial interactions involved.
Abstract: Granular activated sludge has gained increasing interest due to its potential in treating wastewater in a compact and efficient way. It is well-established that activated sludge can form granules under certain environmental conditions such as batch-wise operation with feast-famine feeding, high hydrodynamic shear forces, and short settling time which select for dense microbial aggregates. Aerobic granules with stable structure and functionality have been obtained with a range of different wastewaters seeded with different sources of sludge at different operational conditions, but the microbial communities developed differed substantially. In spite of this, granule instability occurs. In this review, the available literature on the mechanisms involved in granulation and how it affects the effluent quality is assessed with special attention given to the microbial interactions involved. To be able to optimize the process further, more knowledge is needed regarding the influence of microbial communities and their metabolism on granule stability and functionality. Studies performed at conditions similar to full-scale such as fluctuation in organic loading rate, hydrodynamic conditions, temperature, incoming particles, and feed water microorganisms need further investigations.

124 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20232,088
20224,801
20211,219
20201,341
20191,528
20181,582