Topic
Effluent
About: Effluent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32668 publications have been published within this topic receiving 533991 citations.
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TL;DR: Bioassays at upstream sites close to the location of farm effluent discharge indicated that phytoplankton at these sites did not respond to further nutrient additions, however downstream sites showed large growth responses, which suggested that further nutrient loading from the shrimp farm, resulting in greater nutrient dispersal, will increase the extent of phy Topolankton blooms downstream from the site ofeffluent discharge.
123 citations
TL;DR: For analysis of E2 and EE2 in the aquatic environment two immunoassays have been developed allowing a very cost-effective screening for both hormones in environmental samples, and the highest estrogen concentrations were found in the effluent of the lagoon, equipped with very basic means of wastewater treatment.
123 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the recovery of volatile fatty acids (VFA) from complex effluent streams deriving from numerous sources, such as discharged chemical and industrial plants effluents.
Abstract: The recovery of volatile fatty acids (VFA), from complex effluent streams deriving from numerous sources has been an area of research interest for more than a century. In the current era, technological and economic development is widely based on the limited global petroleum resources. Regardless the scarcity faced in coal based fuels, VFA are still extensively and in most cases solely, synthesised from petroleum. With the constantly rising awareness of the environmental impact the carbon based economy has created, research has been focused in developing alternative methods of their production. These include fermentation, anaerobic digestion and recovery from discharged chemical and industrial plants effluents. During these processes, the hydrolysis of target solid wastes followed by the microbial conversion of them to biodegradable organic, content results in the production of intermediate VFA, commonly acetate and butyrate. These, are detected at varying concentrations in the effluent streams and mixed liquors of the reactor systems. Their concentration is depending on hydraulic, retention and organic loading rates. Several studies have shown possible environmental and commercial benefits using various techniques for their separation and recovery. Among these, extensively applied has been reactive extraction. Currently, membrane filtration is most prominent as a source separation process in comparison to integral wastewater treatment. VFA reclamation benefits include the formulation of a valorisized waste effluent that can be further processed for the recovery of valuable nutrients, the relief of municipal treatment plants and the recycle and re-use of favorable nutrients and chemicals.
123 citations
TL;DR: In leaching tests less than 1% of the amounts of these fluoroquinolones in the sludge or pellets reached the aqueous phase, indicating that their mobility is limited if sludge is used to fertilize soil.
123 citations
TL;DR: For anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater at lower temperatures, hydrogenotrophic methanogens play an important role in COD removal and D-CH(4) can be collected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and avoid wastage of energy resources.
123 citations