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Effluent

About: Effluent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32668 publications have been published within this topic receiving 533991 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the most recent developments in the use of biological based techniques to remove dyes and heavy metals from wastewater is presented in this paper , where the remediation of dyes by diverse microorganisms such as algae, bacteria, fungi and enzymes are depicted in detail.

114 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation of Procaine Penicillin G (PPG) formulation effluent by Fenton-like (Fe3+/H2O2) and UV-A light assisted Fentonlike processes have been investigated at pH = 3.
Abstract: In the present study, the degradation of Procaine Penicillin G (PPG) formulation effluent by Fenton-like (Fe3+/H2O2) and UV-A light assisted Fenton-like (Fe3+/H2O2/UV-A) processes have been investigated at pH = 3. The effects of different process variables such as the initial Fe3+and H2O2 concentrations, reaction time and UV-A light on PPG formulation effluent degradation rates have been evaluated. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total organic carbon (TOC) and acute toxicity towards the water flea Daphnia magna were selected as the environmental sum parameters to follow the performance of Fenton-like and photo-Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes on the PPG (Procaine Penicillin G) formulation effluent (CODo=600 mg/l; BOD5=53 mg/l; TOCo=450 mg/l). At optimum reaction conditions (i.e. [Fe3+]=1.5 mM and [H2O2]=25 mM, pH = 3), 56% COD and 42% TOC removal where achieved by the photo-Fenton-like process after 30 min treatment time, whereas the removal efficiencies of the dark Fenton-like process were limited to 44% COD and 35% TOC for the same treatment period. The superiority of the UV-A light-assisted Fenton-like process over the dark Fenton-like reaction was more evident in terms of their effect on biodegradability improvement; the BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0.10 to 0.45 and 0.10 to only 0.24 after application of the photo-Fenton-like and Fenton-like processes, respectively. Based on the results of acute toxicity tests it could be inferred that the photo-Fenton-like process is a suitable method for complete detoxification and partial oxidation of PPG formulation effluent. COD removal efficiency decreased from 56 to 17% for the photo-Fenton-like process and from 44 to 14% for the dark Fenton-like process in the presence of the 1214 mg/l chloride ion (used as a free radical probe compound at acidic pH) after 30 min oxidative treatment, indicating that in both treatment processes the hydroxyl radical ( OH) was the major oxidizing agent for PPG.

114 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The occurrence pattern of fenbendazole's metabolites in water was different from pharmacokinetics studies, showing the possibility of transformation mechanism other than the metabolism in animal bodies by some processes unknown to us.

113 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a real effluent discharged by Brazilian textile industry, has been electrochemically treated using boron doped diamond (BDD) anode for removing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour.

113 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Describing and compared the bacterial community of the inflow and effluent of a WWTP in Berlin, Germany using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences allows for improved characterization of potential pathogenic taxa and other harmful bacteria which is required to reliably assess health risk.
Abstract: Wastewater treatment is crucial to environmental hygiene in urban environments. However, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) collect chemicals, organic matter, and microorganisms including pathogens and multi-resistant bacteria from various sources which may be potentially released into the environment via WWTP effluent. To better understand microbial dynamics in WWTPs, we characterized and compared the bacterial community of the inflow and effluent of a WWTP in Berlin, Germany using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, which allowed for species level determination in many cases and generally resolved bacterial taxa. Significantly distinct bacterial communities were identified in the wastewater inflow and effluent samples. Dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) varied both temporally and spatially. Disease associated bacterial groups were efficiently reduced in their relative abundance from the effluent by the WWTP treatment process, except for Legionella and Leptospira species which demonstrated an increase in relative proportion from inflow to effluent. This indicates that WWTPs, while effective against enteric bacteria, may enrich and release other potentially pathogenic bacteria into the environment. The taxonomic resolution of full-length 16S rRNA genes allows for improved characterization of potential pathogenic taxa and other harmful bacteria which is required to reliably assess health risk.

113 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20232,088
20224,801
20211,219
20201,341
20191,528
20181,582