Topic
Effluent
About: Effluent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32668 publications have been published within this topic receiving 533991 citations.
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TL;DR: Aerobic granular sludge can successfully be cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating dairy wastewater, and the maximum applicable loading rate is nevertheless limited, as the stability of aerobic granules very much depends on the presence of distinct feast and famine conditions.
Abstract: Aerobic granular sludge can successfully be cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating dairy wastewater. Attention has to be paid to the fact that suspended solids are always present in the effluent of aerobic granular sludge reactors, making a post-treatment step necessary. Sufficient post-treatment can be achieved through a sedimentation process with a hydraulic retention time of 15–30 min. After complete granulation and the separation of biomass from the effluent, removal efficiencies of 90% CODtotal, 80% Ntotal and 67% Ptotal can be achieved at a volumetric exchange ratio of 50% and a cycle duration of 8 h. Effluent values stabilize at around 125 mg l−1 CODdissolved. The maximum applicable loading rate is nevertheless limited, as the stability of aerobic granules very much depends on the presence of distinct feast and famine conditions and the degradation of real wastewaters shows slower kinetics compared with synthetic wastewaters. As loading rate and volumetric exchange ratio are coupled in an SBR system, the potential of granular sludge for improving process efficiency is also limited.
230 citations
TL;DR: The biodegradability of the widely used anti-tumour agent ifosfamide was assessed with the modified Zahn-Wellens test and a test simulating biological sewage treatment, indicating that no adsorption, biodegradation or other elimination of IF took place to any noticeable extent.
230 citations
TL;DR: The Olburgen sewage treatment plant has been upgraded to improve the effluent quality by implementing a separate and dedicated treatment for industrial (potato) wastewater and reject water and the recovered struvite has been tested as a suitable substitute for commercial fertilizers.
229 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that BAC filtration without pre-ozonation could be implemented as a low cost advanced treatment option to improve WWTP effluent chemical quality.
227 citations
TL;DR: The observations highlight the relevance of stormwater emissions and direct emissions from separated sewer systems to surface waters in relation to emissions from WWTPs and the necessity to consider all potential influences in the assessment of the status of surface water bodies with reference to xenobiotics.
227 citations