Effluent

TL;DR: A continuous flow, free water surface (FWS) pilot wetland using the duckweed plant Lemna gibba L. was constructed at the Blaustein Institute for Desert Research in Kiryat Sde Boker of the Negev, Israel, and operated on domestic primary effluents, where hydraulic efficiency in the system was high and allowed good settling conditions.

TL;DR: The degradation, by several advanced oxidation reactions, of a pulp mill ECF bleaching effluent, was studied and the O3/UV system appears as the most efficient in to transform the organic matter to more biodegradable forms.

TL;DR: The characterisation of the soak liquor showed that this effluent is biodegradable, though not easily, and highly variable, depending on the origin and the nature of the hides, and the organisms responsible for nitrogen removal appeared to be the most sensitive to the modifications of these parameters.

TL;DR: It is shown that additional hydrogen can be produced from the effluent of an ethanol-type dark-fermentation reactor using a single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), and that hydrogen yields from fermentation can be substantially increased by using MECs.

TL;DR: Even if global WWTP effluent impact on the studied river appeared to be minor, PhACs resulted widespread pollutants in river waters, which can be particularly critical in summer in water scarcity areas, when water flow decreases considerably.