Topic
Elastic modulus
About: Elastic modulus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 33153 publications have been published within this topic receiving 810247 citations.
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TL;DR: The constitutive equation of the aortic wall was constructed on the basis of three different hookean materials and two nonlinear functions, fA and fC, and the purely elastic stress-strain relation was assessed by subtracting the viscous and inertial behaviors.
Abstract: To evaluate arterial physiopathology, complete arterial wall mechanical characterization is necessary. This study presents a model for determining the elastic response of elastin (sigma E, where sigma is stress), collagen (sigma C), and smooth muscle (sigma SM) fibers and viscous (sigma eta) and inertial (sigma M) aortic wall behaviors. Our work assumes that the total stress developed by the wall to resist stretching is governed by the elastic modulus of elastin fibers (EE), the elastic modulus of collagen (EC) affected by the fraction of collagen fibers (fC) recruited to support wall stress, and the elastic modulus of the maximally contracted vascular smooth muscle (ESM) affected by an activation function (fA). We constructed the constitutive equation of the aortic wall on the basis of three different hookean materials and two nonlinear functions, fA and fC: sigma = sigma E + sigma C + sigma SM + sigma eta + sigma M = EE. (epsilon - epsilon 0E) + EC.fC.epsilon + ESM.fA.epsilon + eta. [equation: see text] + M.[equation: see text] where epsilon is strain and epsilon 0E is strain at zero stress. Stress-strain relations in the control state and during activation of smooth muscle (phenylephrine, 5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 IV) were obtained by transient occlusions of the descending aorta and the inferior vena cava in 15 conscious dogs by using descending thoracic aortic pressure (microtransducer) and diameter (sonomicrometry) measurements. The fC was not linear with strain, and at the onset of significant collagen participation in the elastic response (break point of the stress-strain relation), 6.02 +/- 2.6% collagen fibers were recruited at 23% of stretching of the unstressed diameter. The fA exhibited a skewed unimodal curve with a maximum level of activation at 28.3 +/- 7.9% of stretching. The aortic wall dynamic behavior was modified by activation increasing viscous (eta) and inertial (M) moduli from the control to active state (viscous, 3.8 +/- 1.3 x 10(4) to 7.8 +/- 1.1 x 10(4) dyne.s.cm-2, P < .0005; inertial, 61 +/- 42 to 91 +/- 23 dyne.s2.cm-2, P < .05). Finally, the purely elastic stress-strain relation was assessed by subtracting the viscous and inertial behaviors.
317 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the temperature dependencies of elastic moduli and thermal expansion coefficient of the CoCrFeMnNi alloy over a large temperature range (200 −1270 K).
316 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) finite element (FE) model, based on the use of non-linear and torsional spring elements, to evaluate its mechanical properties.
316 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a model for the dynamic shear modulus of entangled or crosslinked networks of semi-lexible polymers was proposed to account for the high-frequency scaling behavior observed in solutions of the biopolymer F-actin.
Abstract: We construct a model for the dynamic shear modulus $G(\ensuremath{\omega})$ of entangled or crosslinked networks of semiflexible polymer that can account for the high-frequency scaling behavior, $G(\ensuremath{\omega})\ensuremath{\sim}{\ensuremath{\omega}}^{3/4},$ that has recently been observed in solutions of the biopolymer $F$-actin. As we argue, this behavior should not be unique to F-actin, but rather should be a clear characteristic of semiflexible polymers in general. We also report molecular dynamics simulations that support the single filament response that is the basis of our model for the network shear modulus.
316 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the mechanical behaviour of FDM parts by the classical laminate theory (CLT) and experimentally measure the values of the elastic modulus in the longitudinal and transverse directions to the fibre (E1, E2), the Poisson's modulus (ν12), and the shear modulus(G12) in order to reach this objective.
316 citations