Showing papers on "Electrical network published in 1973"

Contact array and method of making the same

Abstract: A contact array for electrically connecting two electrical devices, such as a radiation detector and a miniaturized electrical circuit, but with a minimum of heat conduction between the devices. Each of the contacts of the array includes at least one metal film attached at one end to one of the electrical devices and having a free end which extends away from the one device and engages the other device by elastic compression of the contact or by a bonding technique.

Performance Study of a Solid Fuel-Pulsed Electric Microthruster

Abstract: A study of the over-all operating characteristics of a parallel rail solid fuel-pulsed microthruster is presented. Specifically, the effect of several electrical circuit parameters (capacitance, inductance, resistance) on performance (impulse bit, specific impulse, efficiency) has been investigated. The experimental results, combined with a simple model for the mass ablation and the acceleration mechanisms, provide useful correlations between thruster geometrical and electrical circuit parameters and its performance. These results should be useful in improving the performance and optimizing the design of a thruster for a given mission.

Profile determining and/or controlling system

Abstract: A system for determining and/or controlling the profile of a property of an article, in which sensing means simultaneously obtains a multiplicity of electrical gauging signals, each signal being proportional to a property of the article in a particular region, the gauging signals are passed to electrical circuit means which detect any difference in magnitude between the signals from a given region and the average for all such signals and deriving a functional signal for any such difference.

Probabilistic potential theory applied to electrical engineering problems

Abstract: The mathematical equivalence between a potential satisfying a deterministic Laplace-type equation within a closed region and a certain probability associated with a particle exercising Brownian motion is described. Two methods are outlined for obtaining a potential by Brownian motion, the usual Monte Carlo method and a "number-diffusion" process. Two probabilistic solutions of Poisson's equation are described. The number-diffusion process with complex diffusion coefficients is applied to a lumped linear electrical network under sinusoidal excitation, for computation of complex voltages. The node equations of a general network are interpreted probabilistically for transient behavior, and computations for a particular case verify the theory. The computation efficiencies (as measured by computing time) of both Monte Carlo and number-diffusion calculations of a potential are compared to the efficiency of matrix manipulation. It is shown how the probabilistic computations at sparse space-time points on a grid of a large number of points in two or three space dimensions may require orders of magnitude less time than for matrix solution, as well as less storage space. Probabilistic solutions of the wave equation for a finite lossy transmission line sinusoidally excited are shown to converge accurately only if |1 + ½(γΔx)2| > 1 (exp ± γx spacial variation of the natural waves). Then the numerical convergence of the number-diffusion algorithm is examined for various equations and sufficient conditions derived for that convergence.

Thermal limiter construction for one or more electrical circuits and method of making the same

Abstract: This invention relates to a thermal limiter construction which can be used to limit one or more electrical circuits and comprises a thermally responsive device having leads for being interconnected into such electrical circuit or circuits and a plurality of electrically operated heaters disposed adjacent the device and each being adapted to cause the device to open the circuit or circuits when heated by the respective heater a certain amount.

Smoke and gas detection and alarm apparatus

Abstract: An improved Taguchi Gas Sensor type detection and alarm system for smoke, gases or the like, which is particularly adapted for use in environments where the only available source of electrical operating power is an ordinary storage battery, is provided and employs an electrical oscillator coupled with the storage battery for providing both the low voltage high current electrical power required for activating the Taguchi Gas Sensor and an audio frequency output signal for operating an audible warning component of the system when the sensor has detected the presence of smoke, gases or the like. The electrical circuit coupling the audio warning component with the output of the oscillator includes an electrically controlled switching device responsive to detection of existence of a hazardous condition by the sensor; and such circuit also includes in the coupling between the sensor and the switching device, means for providing a suitable delay prior to operation of the switching device to prevent the generation of false warning signals during warm-up or ''''purging'''' of the sensor upon start-up of the system. The preferred embodiment of the invention further provides an auxiliary oscillator of substantially lower frequency than the first mentioned oscillator which is coupled with the latter to provide a distinctive dual tone warning signal alternating between different audio frequencies. The improved apparatus is adapted for implementation by means of integrated circuit modules for the primary active electronic components.

Flash control systems for cameras

Abstract: A control system for flash illumination of a camera which operates with preparatory and main flash illumination. The camera has an internal photosensitive element which receives only the light created during the preparatory flash illumination and converts this light into a corresponding electrical quantity. A suitable preparatory electrical circuit receives this latter electrical quantity and converts it into a corresponding current. A flash terminating control is provided for automatically terminating the main flash operation, and between this latter control and the preparatory electrical circuit there is a main electrical circuit which receives one input in the form of the current provided by the preparatory electrical circuit, so as to utilize this one input to determine when to actuate the flash terminating control. A simulating electrical circuit is electrically connected with the main electrical circuit to provide a signal simulating that which would be provided if the main flash illumination were received by the internal photosensitive element, and by way of this simulated signal it is possible to provide a second input to be combined together with the above first input to provide a proper determination of the instant when the main flash will be terminated.

Starting control for brushless synchronous motors

Abstract: A starting control means for brushless synchronous motors in which a discharge resistor is provided in the form of a wirewound coil mounted on a control wheel which also carries solidstate switching and control devices making up the starting control circuit, and which is designed to serve as a heat sink for the coil and other devices and also as a part of the electrical circuit.

Phase lock detection and control for piezoelectric fluid analyzers

Abstract: Phase lock detector for an analyzer employing piezoelectric elements in electrical circuits. In general the piezoelectric elements differentially absorb a particular constituent in an analyzed fluid. This weight change of the crystal induces a change in the oscillator circuit containing this piezoelectric element. A phase detector detects the resultant phase change between the electrical circuits containing the piezoelectric elements, and provides a measurement of the amount of the particular substance sorbed and, thus, within the fluid. The phase detector output also feeds back to one or more of the electrical circuits and forces them to oscillate at the same frequency.

Test set for tracing and checking the continuity of electrical circuits

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for locating and tracing an electrical path through electrical conductors. A signal generator producing a multi-harmonic signal is connected to an electrical conductor under test. The signal includes amplitude modulated harmonics in the AM broadcast band whereby standard AM radio receivers can be used to detect the conductor transmitting the signal. Selectively energized additional circuitry provides a visual indication of a continuity check performed on the electrical conductor.

Computerized determination of electrical network noise due to correlated and uncorrelated noise sources

Abstract: A new computation method is given connected with the analysis of equivalent circuits including uncorrelated as well as correlated noise sources, thus saving computer time.

Electrical protection means

Abstract: An electrical protection unit having a plurality of main leads for respectively interconnecting a plurality of lines of an electrical power source to at least one electrically operated unit. At least one main lead has a device therein for opening the respective lead when the device is activated. The one main lead has one side of an electrical circuit interconnected thereto with the other side of the circuit being adapted to be interconnected to ground, the circuit having means for activating the device when the circuit is operatively interconnected to ground. Control means are provided for operatively interconnecting the circuit to ground.

Wind direction monitor scale converter

Abstract: A wind vane drives a movable contact of a voltage divider comprised of a 360 DEG potentiometer. The movable contact is connected into a voltage summing point in an electrical circuit which responds to a discontinuity in the potentiometer output to add or subtract a voltage at the summing point to compensate for the discontinuity. In addition, at one end of the electrical range of the circuit a voltage equivalent to 360 DEG of vane rotation is provided at the summing point to reposition the electrical sum to a value intermediate of its range, while the potentiometer discontinuity is arranged to occur at the other end of the electrical range of the circuit.

Aircraft ice detection equipment with correction for severe conditions

Abstract: Ice detection equipment comprises electrical circuit means for effecting a count of a number of electrical pulses means for modifying the count depending upon the rate of production of the pulses.

Method of measuring parameters of complex electric circuit and device for effecting same

Abstract: The method of measuring the parameters of a complex electrical circuit, including measuring the parameters of complex RC and RL circuits of diverse radio electronic devices, measuring the parameters of film RC components, and measuring the signals emitted by RCL transducers and microtransducers by varying the character of electrical effects acting upon electrical measuring circuit. A device for carrying out the method of measuring the parameters of a complex electrical circuit, including a keying unit whose first input is connected to the output of a source of constant voltage, while a second input is grounded, connecting upon arrival of a signal from a control unit, coinciding in time with an external signal, its first input to its output, the output of the keying unit being connected through a complex electric circuit to a lead of a reference element, electrically connected to a voltage measuring unit and to a comparison unit, or through the reference element to the lead of the complex electric circuit.

Apparatus for demonstrating electrical circuits and components

Abstract: A system for demonstration of electrical circuits and components on a base of magnetic material including support housings for accommodating electrical circuit components and magnetic elements for mounting said support housings on said base and electrical conductors for connecting said components with each other providing electrical circuits.

Circuit breaker with ambient temperature compensation

Abstract: The described circuit breakers will open an electrical circuit at a current level which remains substantially constant, independent of the ambient temperature variations. Each circuit breaker will be seen to incorporate a pair of temperature responsive bimetals selected of cross-sectional areas and temperature coefficients of expansion so as to maintain physical separations between them substantially constant in providing the desired current control.

Peripheral cam actuating a plurality of contact blades

Abstract: A four step cam operates electrical contacts to open and close electrical circuits to four electrical terminals which are spaced from and substantially in alignment with the rotational direction of the cam.

Vehicle transistorized warning circuit

Abstract: An electrical circuit including a source of voltage, a transistor, and two switches. The source of voltage and two switches each being connected to a different electrode of the transistor and a normally closed relay connected in series whereby actuation of the two switches will cause the relay to buzz or chatter.

Electrical phase monitoring circuit

Abstract: An electrical circuit for monitoring or indicating the sequence of electrical phases or the direction of rotation of a multiphase electrical motor The rotation monitor includes a delta connected arrangement of a capacitor in one arm, a resistor in another arm, and the third arm including the parallel combination of a light and a lamp of a photocell unit The three terminals of the delta arrangement are connected to the three-phase conductors of a source or electrical apparatus to be tested, the terminals on either side of the parallel arrangement of lamp and light are connected through the intermediary of two equal resistors If the phase relationship is correct, the lamp and the light will be energized, and a photosensitive resistor associated with the photocell will turn on a triac whose output can be used for many applications

Wind direction monitor scale converter

Abstract: A wind vane drives a movable contact of a voltage divider comprised of a 360* potentiometer. The movable contact is connected into an electrical summing point in an electrical circuit which responds to a discontinuity in the potentiometer output to add or subtract a sufficient electrical quantity at the summing point to compensate for the discontinuity. In addition, at the end of the electrical range of the circuit an electrical quantity equivalent to a predetermined amount of vane rotation is added or subtracted from the summing point as required to reposition the electrical sum to a valve intermediate of its range.

Operation and release delay circuit

Abstract: An electrical circuit is provided which furnishes delays of predetermined durations in both the operation and release cycles of a selected device. The circuit, which may be fabricated in card mounted form, automatically releases the device a predetermined time after the device has been operated without requiring the application of an externally generated signal to effect the release.

Current surge eliminator

Abstract: A device for eliminating current surges in electrical circuits at the initiation of operation of the circuit includes a polyconductive resistance element formed of a polyconductor material having the characteristic that its electrical resistance value at temperatures below a predetermined transition temperature is at least several orders of magnitude larger than its resistance value at temperatures above the transition temperature. Thus, when electrical current is initially supplied to the circuit, through the polyconductor, it passes through the polyconductor in the latter''s high resistance state until the current heats the polyconductor to its transition temperature, at which time the polyconductor switches to its low resistance state. During the heat up time period the current also heats the electrical elements in the circuit, raising them to their normal operating values, thereby preventing a current surge in the circuit.

Thermal limiter construction and electrical switch and system utilizing the same

Abstract: A thermal limiter construction having a thermally responsive device provided with a body portion and a pair of leads extending from the body portion for interconnecting the device in an electrical circuit to be controlled thereby, the device opening the electrical connection between the leads thereof when the device is sensing a certain temperature condition. A sleeve is telescoped over the body portion of the device with the sleeve having an inner insulative peripheral surface disposed adjacent the device and an outer electrical heater thereon which when energized will provide the certain temperature condition to be sensed by the device to open the electrical connection between the leads. Such thermal limiter construction can be utilized with a switch housing so that the electrical heater will only be operated when the switch thereof is in a closed position, such switch forming part of an electrical interlock control system for the oven door of a microwave oven or the like.

Interference and Screening

Abstract: In practical engineering the conduction of an electrical signal from the measurand to a measuring instrument can be affected by a number of forms of interference. These may, broadly speaking, be divided into (a) the effects of the environment on the component parts of an instrument, or measurement system; (b) impurities in individual components and their effects on the measuring system; and (c) injection of unwanted signals from unrelated electrical circuits and fields into the measuring system.