Showing papers on "Electrochromism published in 1968"

Control of light reflected from a mirror

Abstract: Electro-optical device useful in modulation of reflected light, and the like, typically comprising an electrochromic device and a reflecting layer in sandwiched arrangement, said electrochromic device itself being a sandwich arrangement of a pair of transparent electrodes, and a film of a transition metal compound and an insulating film disposed between the electrodes. The electrochromic device exhibits coloration and bleaching thereof at ambient temperature by control of the polarity of an applied electric field, whereby light reaching the reflecting layer is modulated in intensity, thus modulating, in turn, the reflected light.

Electro-optical article employing electrochromic and photoconductive materials

Abstract: THE SWITCHING OF ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIALS BY MEANS OF ELECTRON BEAM OR LIGHT BEAM EXCITED SUSTANINED BOMBARDMENT INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY (SBIC) MATERIALS IN WHICH THE ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIAL BECOMES DARK AT THOSE POINTS ADDRESSED WITH THE ELECTRON BEAM OR BEAM OF LIGHT. THIS ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIAL CAN ALSO BE ERASED COMPLETELY OR SELECTIVELY.

Color reversible light filter utilizing solid state electrochromic substances

Abstract: THE INVENTION PROVIDES A COLOR REVERSIBLE LIGHT FILTER SYSTEM UTILIZING SOLID STATE FILMS OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS HAVING ELECTROCHROMIC PROPERTIES IN A MULTI-LAYER GLASS PANEL. THE GLASS PANEL CONSISTS OF TWO PANES OF SUBSTANTIALLY TRANSPARENT GLASS, WITH ONE PANE BEING COATED WITH A LAYER OF TIN OXIDE, AND A FILM OF SILVER CHLORIDE CONTAINING FREE SILVER, TO PROVIDE A COLORLESS ELECTRODE, THE OPPOSITE PANE BEING COATED WITH A LAYER OF TIN OXIDE AND A FILM OF TUNGSTIC ACID, OR PREFERABLY A MIXTURE OF TUNGSTIC AND MOLYBDIC ACID, TO PROVIDE A COLOR-REVERSIBLE ELECTRODE. A STABLE COLOR IS DEVELOPED IN THE GLASS PANEL BY APPLYING A DC ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL ACROSS THE ELECTRODES FOR ONLY A FEW MINUTES AND, WHEN DESIRED, THE PANEL CAN BE RENERED COLORLESS IN ABOUT THE SAME LENGTH OF TIME BY REVERSING THE POLARITY OF THE ELECTRODES. HAVING ELECTROCHROMIC PROPERTIES IN A MULTI-LAYER GLASS PANEL. THE GLASS PANEL CONSISTS OF TWO PANES OF SUBSTANTIALLY TRANSPARENT GLASS, WITH ONE PANE BEING COATED WITH A LAYER OF TIN OXIDE, AND AFILM OF SILVER CHLORIDE CONTAINING FREE SILVER, TO PROVIDE A COLORLESS ELECTRODE; THE OPPOSITE PANE BEING COATED WITH A LAYER OF TIN OXIDE AND A FILM OF TUNGSTIC ACID, OR PREFERABLY A MIXTURE OF TUNGSTIC AND MOLYDBIC ACID, TO PROVIDE A COLOR-REVERSIBLE ELECTRODE. A STABLE COLOR IS DEVELOPED IN THE GLASS PANEL BY APPLYING A DC ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL ACROSS THE ELECTRODES FOR ONLY A FEW MINUTES AND, WHEN DESIRED, THE PANEL CAN BE RENDERED COLORLESS IN ABOUT THE SAME LENGTH OF TIME BY REVERSING THE POLARITY OF THE ELECTRODES.

Liquid cell optical shutter

Abstract: An optical shutter consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon in liquid form together with a solvent and an electrolyte disposed in a cell having a pair of electrodes. The aromatic hydrocarbon may, for example, be a polynuclear hydrocarbon and exhibits an electrochromic effect. Thus when an electric field is applied to the cell the hydrocarbon becomes ionized and absorbs light within the visible region while the neutral compound is transparent.