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Electrochromism

About: Electrochromism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13097 publications have been published within this topic receiving 294637 citations.


Papers
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Patent
04 Apr 1994
TL;DR: An electrochromic device (100) with electrode surface confined by a glass substrate is described in this paper, where the two glass substrates (30) are placed together, with gaskets (45) keeping the respective glass substrate (30), with their respective electrochromics materials (20 and 35) apart.
Abstract: An electrochromic device (100) with electrode surface confined complementary polymer electrochromic materials. The electrochromic material (20), able to change from a substantially colorless to a colored state upon oxidation, is surface confined onto one of the electrodes (25), which is on a glass substrate (30). For transmissive electrochromic devices, (25) is preferably transparent electrode such as ITO. For reflective electrochromic devices, (25) is preferably a Pt coating. The electrochromic material (20), and the electrochromic material (35) able to change from a substantially colorless state to a colored state upon reduction are physically separate from one another but ionically connected by means of an electrolyte. The two glass substrates (30) are placed together, with gaskets (45) keeping the respective glass substrates (30), with their respective electrochromic materials (20) and (35) apart.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a self-powered electrochromic system driven by a nanogenerator (NG) is demonstrated. But the performance of the system was limited to 10 seconds and 58.7 cm2 C−1, respectively.
Abstract: Electrochromic (EC) devices are capable of reversibly changing optical properties upon charge injection and extraction driven by an externally applied voltage. A nanogenerator (NG) is a device that converts mechanical energy into electricity. This paper demonstrates a self-powered EC device driven by an NG. An average visible optical modulation (ΔTvis) as large as 15.3% was obtained, with electrochromic response time (ERT) and coloration efficiency (CE) of 10 seconds and 58.7 cm2 C−1, respectively. Such a performance is comparable to an EC when powered by a hardwired DC power. This study indicates that the self-powered electrochromic system can be a candidate for monochrome displays or electronic billboards.

111 citations

Patent
10 Jul 1985
TL;DR: In this article, an electro-optical device containing an electrochromic material layer and electrolytic solution interposed between mutually opposed base plates, each having an electrode on the surface thereof, is presented.
Abstract: An electro-optical device containing an electrochromic material layer and electrolytic solution interposed between mutually opposed base plates, each having an electrode on the surface thereof, wherein said electrolytic solution consists essentially of (a) an iodide source material as a redox reaction promoter selected from the group consisting of metal iodides and ammonium iodides, and (b) a lactone solvent capable of dissolving the redox reaction promoter, with the proviso that when the iodide ion source material is not also a metal cation source, a cation source material capable of generating H+ or Li+ is further added.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the morphology of electrosynthesized poly(3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) thin films was analyzed by atomic force microscopy and different film morphologies were found for different electrodeposition technique and solution temperature.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The studied phosphaviologens feature a significantly lowered reduction threshold as compared to all other (phospha)viologens known to date due to the combination of an extended π-system with an electron deficient phosphole core.
Abstract: A simple and representative procedure for the synthesis of N,N′-diarylated phosphaviologens directly from both electron-rich and electron-poor diaryliodonium salts and 2,7-diazadibenzophosphole oxide is reported. The latter are electron-deficient congeners of the widely utilized N,N′-disubstituted 4,4′-bipyridinium cations, also known as viologens, that proved to be inaccessible by the classical two-step route. The single-step preparation method for phosphaviologens described herein could be extended to genuine viologens but reached its limit when sterically demanding diaryliodonium salts were used. The studied phosphaviologens feature a significantly lowered reduction threshold as compared to all other (phospha)viologens known to date due to the combination of an extended π-system with an electron deficient phosphole core. In addition, a considerably smaller HOMO–LUMO gap was observed due to efficient π-delocalization across the phosphaviologen core, as well as the N-aryl substituents, which was corrobor...

111 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023458
2022833
2021538
2020712
2019744
2018770