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Electrochromism
About: Electrochromism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13097 publications have been published within this topic receiving 294637 citations.
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TL;DR: A new electrochromic molecule comprised of pi-conjugated and ionic moieties has been designed and synthesized that forms a nanosegregated smectic phase in which ion-conductive layers of imidazolium salts are located between hole transport layers of phenylterthiophene moieties.
Abstract: A new electrochromic molecule comprised of pi-conjugated and ionic moieties has been designed and synthesized. It forms a nanosegregated smectic phase in which ion-conductive layers of imidazolium salts are located between hole transport layers of phenylterthiophene moieties. Electrochromism is observed in the bulk liquid crystal state of this compound without an electrolyte solution. In this nanosegregated smectic phase, an electrical double layer is formed rapidly at the electrode. Consequently holes are injected from the electrode, resulting in oxidation of the pi-conjugated moieties.
93 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Raman spectroscopic study of sputtered nickel-tungsten oxide films was conducted and the results showed that the Raman spectrum of the as-deposited Ni-W oxide film shows a blueshift of the Ni-O stretching mode compared to that of a NiOx film.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a combined gravimetric, coulometric, and reflection spectroscopy analysis of iridium oxide films to determine the oxide state changes, completeness of oxidation, and densities of anodically formed, electrochromic oxide films.
Abstract: Oxidation state changes, completeness of oxidation, and densities of anodically formed, electrochromic iridium oxide films have been determined by combined gravimetric, coulometric, and reflection spectroscopy analyses. The results show that the oxidation state of Ir ions in the oxide is changed from III to IV during the anodic coloration process [0.25 to 1.25V (RHE)], rather than II to IV as previously postulated, and that virtually all Ir ions in the film are accessible for electrochemical oxidation and reduction. The mean density of the oxide film is 2.0g cm−3, as compared to 11.68 for bulk crystalline . The structure of the film was shown by electron microscopy to consist of oxide grains 0.05–0.1 μm in diameter, surrounded by voids. In addition, the presence of a high density of microvoids ~25A in diameter was detected. The highly porous structure of the film permits ready access of the electrolyte to the oxide grains throughout the entire film and facilitates the rapid coloration and bleaching (~40 msec) observed in aqueous electrolytes. The apparent accessibility of all Ir ions in the film also implies rapid transport, within the oxide grains, of the mobile charge‐compensating ions which must be injected and ejected to preserve electroneutrality. Mechanisms of ion and electron transport are discussed.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a low bandgap black polymer electrochrome (P(1-co-2) was obtained by electropolymerization of 2-decyl-4,7-bis (3,3-didecyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno-2,1,4]-dioxepin-6-yl)-2Hbenzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (1,3]-triazideenadiazole.
92 citations
TL;DR: Electrocatalytic activity of the solution-phase GO/RGO pair toward the electrochemical reaction of the electrochromic redox couple allowed devices with an optical contrast higher than the contrast of those free of GO at the same applied voltage to show lower switching voltages between the colored and bleached states.
Abstract: Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) films have been electrodeposited on indium tin oxide-coated polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) substrates from graphene oxide (GO) solutions, and the resulting flexible transparent electrodes have been used in electrochromic devices of ethyl viologen (EtV2+). The electrochromic performance of devices with bare ITO-PET electrodes and ITO-PET coated with RGO has been compared. Under continuous cycling tests up to large voltages, the RGO film was oxidized and dispersed in the electrochromic mixture. The resulting devices, which contained GO and RGO in the electrochromic mixture, showed lower switching voltages between the colored and bleached states. This electrocatalytic activity of the solution-phase GO/RGO pair toward the electrochemical reaction of the electrochromic redox couple (the dication EtV2+ and the radical cation EtV+•) allowed devices with an optical contrast higher than the contrast of those free of GO at the same applied voltage.
92 citations