Electrochromism

About: Electrochromism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13097 publications have been published within this topic receiving 294637 citations.

Polypyrrole derivatives for electrochromic applications

Abstract: Electrochromic materials display a reversible color change upon electrochemical cycling. In the last two decades there has been increasing interest in the electrochromic properties of polypyrroles. In this article, we highlight and provide insight into the electrochromic properties of polypyrroles in terms of their structure–property relationships without the intention of providing a complete chronological order.

Electrochromic mirror with two thin glass elements and a gelled electrochromic medium

Abstract: An improved electrochromic rearview mirror for motor vehicles, the mirror incorporating thin front and rear spaced glass elements having a thickness ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.5. A layer of transparent conductive material is placed onto the mirror's second surface, and either another layer of transparent conductive material or a combined reflector/electrode is placed onto the mirror's third surface. A chamber, defined by the layers on the interior surfaces of the front and rear glass elements and a peripheral sealing member, contains a free-standing gel comprising a solvent and a crosslinked polymer matrix. The chamber further contains at least one electrochromic material in solution with the solvent and interspersed in the crosslinked polymer matrix. The gel cooperatively interacts with the thin glass elements to form a thick, strong unitary member which is resistant to flexing, warping, bowing and/or shattering and further allows the mirror to exhibit reduced vibrational distortion and double imaging.

Stimulus‐Responsive Micro‐Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Energy Density and Reversible Electrochromic Window

Abstract: Stimulus-responsive micro-supercapacitors (SR-MSCs) with ultrahigh volumetric energy density and reversible electrochromic effect are successfully fabricated by employing a vanadium pentoxide and electrochemical exfoliated graphene-based hybrid nanopaper and viologen as electrode and stimulus-responsive material, respectively. The fabricated high-performance SR-MSCs offer new opportunities for intuitively observing the working state of energy devices without the aid of extra equipment and techniques.

Mechanism of WO 3 Electrodeposition from Peroxy‐Tungstate Solution

Abstract: Electrodeposition of amorphous electrochromic tungsten trioxide was studied. Good quality films were deposited cathodically onto tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) from a water/isopropanol solution containing dissolved tungsten(VI) species. Three reducible species are present in this solution: unbound , polytungstate ions, and peroxy‐tungstate ions. The effects of the content, which is related to the age of the deposition solution, and of mass transport on the deposition current and deposition efficiency were determined and used to elucidate the mechanism of electrodeposition. Reduction of unbound and polytungstate did not result in film growth. This part of the current was under mixed diffusion‐kinetic control. The remainder of the current was due to reduction of peroxy‐tungstate and was kinetically limited. This process led to deposition. The current efficiency, defined as the number of electrons consumed by reduction of peroxy‐tungstate per W atom deposited, was about 1.6, in good agreement with the proposed deposition reaction.

Preparation and Electrochromic Properties of RF-Sputtered NiOx Films Prepared in Ar/O2/H2 Atmosphere

Abstract: The preparation of electrochromic nickel oxide ( NiOx ) films, which are colorless in an as-deposited state, has been carried out in Ar/O2/H2 mixed gas by the rf-sputtering method. Highly transparent films of as-deposited nickel oxide could be prepared in the sputtering atmosphere consisting of Ar:O2:H2=50:10:40. From IR and XPS measurements, the as-deposited films were found to be hydrated and to have the component of Ni(OH)2. When these films were electrochemically colored, NiOOH was known to remain in the films. The coloration efficiency of the films at the wavelength of 633 nm was nearly independent of hydrogen content in sputtering atmosphere up to 40%, but it depended on sputtering pressure. The maximum value of coloration efficiency was 36 cm2/C for films prepared at hydrogen content of 40% and total pressure of 8 Pa.