Electrochromism

About: Electrochromism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13097 publications have been published within this topic receiving 294637 citations.

Processable Multipurpose Conjugated Polymer for Electrochromic and Photovoltaic Applications

Abstract: A benzotriazole and 3-hexylthiophene (3HT) bearing a donor−acceptor−donor (D-A-D) type conjugated polymer (PHTBT) was synthesized. The polymer is both p and n-dopable, fluorescent, soluble in common organic solvents, and processable. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterization of PHTBT and its photovoltaic performance in organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells (SC) have been measured. Using PHTBT as donor material in BHJ solar cells resulted in increased open circuit voltage (Voc) up to 0.85 V.

Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Crystalline Monoclinic WO3 and WO3-x Thin Films from Reaction of WCl6 with O-Containing Solvents and Their Photochromic and Electrochromic Properties

Abstract: The atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reaction of WCl6 with a variety of reactants (ethanoic anhydride, ethanoic acid, ethyl ethanoate, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, and water) was examined on glass substrates. The deposited films displayed strikingly different morphologies with differing reactants under otherwise identical conditions. Full characterization revealed that the films were all monoclinic WO3, but the different morphologies lead to significant differences in the functional properties of the deposited films, such as photochromism and photocatalysis. The effects of the CVD parameters on deposited films were extensively studied for the reaction of WCl6 with ethanoic anhydride.

Electrochromic medium capable of producing a pre-selected color

Abstract: An improved electrochromic device, the device incorporating an electrochromic medium that comprises at least three electroactive materials having absorption spectra that add together such that the color of the electrochromic medium can be pre-selected by individually choosing the concentrations of the at least three electroactive materials. The electrochromic medium generally maintains the pre-selected perceived color throughout its normal range of voltages when used in an electrochromic device. The at least three electroactive materials include at least one electrochemically reducible material (cathodic material), at least one electrochemically oxidizable material (anodic material) and at least one additional electroactive material which may be either an anodic or cathodic material. Thus, there are always three electroactive materials present in the medium, with at least two either being anodic or cathodic materials. The pre-selected color may be chosen from a wide variety of colors and may be, for example, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple. For electrochromic mirrors for motor vehicles, a presently preferred color is gray.

Multicolored Electrochromic Cells Based On Poly(2,7-Carbazole) Derivatives For Adaptive Camouflage

Abstract: We report the synthesis and characterization of three new poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives, namely, poly[N-9-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,7-di(3-octylthien-2-yl)-2,3-di(thien-3-yl)-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (P1), poly[N-9-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,7-di(3-octylthien-2-yl)-2,3-di(phen-1-yl)-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (P2), and poly[N-9-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,7-di(3-octylthien-2-yl)-2,3-di(4-octylphen-1-yl)-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (P3), which reflect green light in their neutral state and show transmissive brown when oxidized. These two colors are compatible for adaptive camouflage for military assets. All solid-state electrochromic cells were prepared using spray-coated films of electrochromic conjugated polymer (P1−P3) as active layer. We report the development of multicolored electrochromic cells (MEC) based on the additive color mixing theory. MEC of various sizes were prepared from 2.5 × 2.5 cm, and up to 12.5 × 12.5 cm. Finally, we also describe the fabrication of a multicolored electrochromic...