Topic
Electrochromism
About: Electrochromism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13097 publications have been published within this topic receiving 294637 citations.
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Patent•
27 Apr 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, the present invention relates to electrochromic mirrors and devices whose electro-chromic element is composed of an electro chromic solid film and an electrolyte comprising redox reaction promoters and alkali ions and/or protons.
Abstract: The present invention relates to electrochromic mirrors and devices whose electrochromic element is composed of an electrochromic solid film and an electrolyte comprising redox reaction promoters and alkali ions and/or protons.
601 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent research progress on new transparent conductive oxide (TCO) materials and electronic and optoelectronic devices based on these materials is presented along with the fabrication method of epitaxial thin films of these materials.
582 citations
TL;DR: This Account highlights and provides insight into a present controversy surrounding the origin of the dual band of absorption sometimes encountered in semiconducting polymers structured using the "donor-acceptor" approach and provides some schematic representations to describe the possible mechanisms governing the evolution of the two-band spectral absorption observed on varying the relative composition of electron-rich and electron-deficient substituents along the π-conjugated backbone.
Abstract: With the development of light-harvesting organic materials for solar cell applications and molecular systems with fine-tuned colors for nonemissive electrochromic devices (e.g., smart windows, e-papers), a number of technical challenges remain to be overcome. Over the years, the concept of “spectral engineering” (tailoring the complex interplay between molecular physics and the various optical phenomena occurring across the electromagnetic spectrum) has become increasingly relevant in the field of π-conjugated organic polymers. Within the spectral engineering toolbox, the “donor−acceptor” approach uses alternating electron-rich and electron-deficient moieties along a π-conjugated backbone. This approach has proved especially valuable in the synthesis of dual-band and broadly absorbing chromophores with useful photovoltaic and electrochromic properties. In this Account, we highlight and provide insight into a present controversy surrounding the origin of the dual band of absorption sometimes encountered in...
556 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an electrochromic film and a photovoltaic film form the two electrodes of an electrochemical cell, and the resulting structure exhibits photochromism, but unlike conventional photochromic films, the light absorbing process (in the photovolastic film) is separate from the coloration process.
Abstract: PHOTOCHROMIC materials1,2 change colour on absorption of light, whereas electrochromic materials3,4 change colour in response to an electrically induced change in oxidation state. Both classes of materials are being investigated for potential applications in displays, imaging devices and 'smart' windows5–8,15,16. Here we describe an alternative route to such applications, in which an electrochromic film and a photovoltaic film form the two electrodes of an electrochemical cell. The resulting structure exhibits photochromism, but unlike conventional photochromic films, the light-absorption process (in the photovoltaic film) is separate from the coloration process (in the electrochromic film): both may therefore be optimized individually. Moreover, as the coloration process in our cells requires an external electrical current between the two electrodes, the optical state of the cell—transparent, absorbing or, in the case of non-uniform illumination, patterned—can be stored when the circuit is open, or changed when the electrodes are connected.
553 citations
Patent•
26 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this article, the electrochromic polymeric solid films of the present invention exhibit beneficial properties and characteristics, especially when compared to known electro chromic media, and they also perform well under prolonged coloration, outdoor weathering and all-climate exposure.
Abstract: The present invention relates to electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films and processes for making such solid films and devices. The electrochromic polymeric solid films of the present invention exhibit beneficial properties and characteristics, especially when compared to known electrochromic media. The electrochromic polymeric solid films are transformed in situ from a low viscosity electrochromic monomer composition by exposure to electromagnetic radiation, and in so doing minimum shrinkage occurs. The electrochromic polymeric solid films of the present invention also perform well under prolonged coloration, outdoor weathering and all-climate exposure, and provide an inherent safety aspect not known to electrochromic media heretofore.
551 citations