Electrode array

About: Electrode array is a(n) research topic. Over the lifetime, 7061 publication(s) have been published within this topic receiving 137433 citation(s).

Method and apparatus for integrating manual input

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for simultaneously tracking multiple finger (202-204) and palm (206, 207) contacts as hands approach, touch, and slide across a proximity-sensing, compliant, and flexible multi-touch surface (2). The surface consists of compressible cushion (32), dielectric electrode (33), and circuitry layers. A simple proximity transduction circuit is placed under each electrode to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and to reduce wiring complexity. Scanning and signal offset removal on electrode array produces low-noise proximity images. Segmentation processing of each proximity image constructs a group of electrodes corresponding to each distinguishable contacts and extracts shape, position and surface proximity features for each group. Groups in successive images which correspond to the same hand contact are linked by a persistent path tracker (245) which also detects individual contact touchdown and liftoff. Classification of intuitive hand configurations and motions enables unprecedented integration of typing, resting, pointing, scrolling, 3D manipulation, and handwriting into a versatile, ergonomic computer input device.

Methods and apparatus for surgical cutting

Abstract: An electrosurgical probe comprises a shaft having an electrode array (12) at its distal end and a connector at its proximal end. The array (12) includes a plurality of isolated electrode terminals, and an electrosurgical power supply (28) is provided with a multiplicity of independently limited or controlled current sources and a connector. The electrosurgical probe and the power supply may be connected through their respective connectors so that the independent current sources are connected to individual electrode terminals. By applying very high frequency electrical energy to the electrode array, target tissue may be cut or ablated while heat dissipation through low impedance paths, such as blood and normal saline, will be minimized.

Low voltage flexible organic/transparent transistor for selective gas sensing, photodetecting and CMOS device applications

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a gate electrode. A gate insulator is coupled to the source electrode, drain electrode, and gate electrode. The gate insulator includes room temperature deposited high-K materials so as to allow said thin film transistor to operate at low operating voltage.

Liquid crystal display having stripe-shaped common electrodes formed above plate-shaped pixel electrodes

Abstract: An electrode structure has independent pixel electrodes and connected common electrodes for a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display. The pixel electrode being a plate-shaped structure is fabricated on a lower layer above a substrate. The common electrode being a striped-shape structure is formed in an upper layer above the substrate. The common electrode may be a herringbone-shaped structure. The pixel electrodes and the common electrodes may overlay the data signal lines of the liquid crystal display. The arrangement of the electrode structure increases the effective light transmission. The electrode structure has the advantages that the tolerance for an electrostatic breakdown or residual electric charges is increased, and reproduction process is simplified.

A Low-Power Integrated Circuit for a Wireless 100-Electrode Neural Recording System

Abstract: Recent work in field of neuroprosthetics has demonstrated that by observing the simultaneous activity of many neurons in specific regions of the brain, it is possible to produce control signals that allow animals or humans to drive cursors or prosthetic limbs directly through thoughts. As neuroprosthetic devices transition from experimental to clinical use, there is a need for fully-implantable amplification and telemetry electronics in close proximity to the recording sites. To address these needs, we developed a prototype integrated circuit for wireless neural recording from a 100-channel microelectrode array. The design of both the system-level architecture and the individual circuits were driven by severe power constraints for small implantable devices; chronically heating tissue by only a few degrees Celsius leads to cell death. Due to the high data rate produced by 100 neural signals, the system must perform data reduction as well. We use a combination of a low-power ADC and an array of "spike detectors" to reduce the transmitted data rate while preserving critical information. The complete system receives power and commands (at 6.5 kb/s) wirelessly over a 2.64-MHz inductive link and transmits neural data back at a data rate of 330 kb/s using a fully-integrated 433-MHz FSK transmitter. The 4.7times5.9 mm2 chip was fabricated in a 0.5-mum 3M2P CMOS process and consumes 13.5 mW of power. While cross-chip interference limits performance in single-chip operation, a two-chip system was used to record neural signals from a Utah Electrode Array in cat cortex and transmit the digitized signals wirelessly to a receiver