Showing papers on "Electroweak interaction published in 1985"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the rate of anomalous electroweak baryon-number nonconserving processes in the cosmic plasma and find that it exceeds the expansion rate of the universe at T > ( a few ) × 10 2 GeV.
2,367 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate the rate of anomalous electroweak baryon-number nonconserving processes in the cosmic plasma and find that it exceeds the expansion rate of the universe at T > (a few) × 102 GeV.
2,079 citations
TL;DR: Experimental data indicate that CP is nowhere maximally nonconserved and the question of maximal CP nonconservation is discussed.
Abstract: The structure of the quark mass matrices in the standard electroweak model is investigated. The commutator of the quark mass matrices is found to provide a convention-independent measure of $\mathrm{CP}$ nonconservation. The question of maximal $\mathrm{CP}$ nonconservation is discussed. The present experimental data indicate that nowhere is $\mathrm{CP}$ nonconservation maximal.
1,338 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the general signatures of a strongly interacting W, Z system and conclude that these two possibilities can be unambiguously distinguished by a hadron collider facility capable of observing the enhanced production of WW, WZ and ZZ pairs that will occur if W's and Z's have strong interactions.
669 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the possibility that representations containing doubly charged scalars may participate in the spontaneous breakdown of the SU(2) × U(1) symmetry of electroweak interactions.
414 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the SU(2) v hidden local symmetry is realized through a new dynamical vector boson resonance V and the physical admixtures and masses of W, Z and V bosons are derived and the couplings of the physical bosons to fermions are calculated.
176 citations
TL;DR: The low-energy nonlinear chiral model which generalizes the Skyrme model and the possibility of soliton solutions is indicated and there is a possible application of these ideas to electroweak theory.
Abstract: We present a qualitative derivation of the chiral model from QCD. This is based on using a Nambu--Jona-Lasinio--type effective Lagrangian as an intermediate step. A detailed derivation of the anomalous low-energy Wess-Zumino term is presented. This includes vector, axial-vector, and pseudoscalar particles. The low-energy scale is set by H-barapprox.. We also present the low-energy nonlinear chiral model which generalizes the Skyrme model. The possibility of soliton solutions is indicated. There is a possible application of these ideas to electroweak theory.
113 citations
TL;DR: The parity-violating weak neutral current perturbation of the ground-state electronic energy has been calculated by ab initio methods for glycine over a range of chiral conformations, for L-alanine, L-$\alpha$-aminopropionitrile, and for the peptide residue of polypeptides in the α-helix and β-sheet conformation.
Abstract: The parity-violating weak neutral current perturbation of the ground-state electronic energy has been calculated by ab initio methods for glycine over a range of chiral conformations, for L-alanine, L-$\alpha$-aminopropionitrile, and for the peptide residue of polypeptides in the $\alpha$-helix and the $\beta$-sheet conformation. It is found that L-alanine in its preferred conformation in aqueous solution and the L-peptides in the $\alpha$-helix and the $\beta$-sheet conformation, have a lower ground-state energy than the corresponding D-enantiomers, because of the electroweak interaction. The enantiomer energy difference is small, of the order of 10$^{-14}$ J mol$^{-1}$, corresponding to an enantiomeric excess of 10$^6$ molecules of L-alanine or the L-peptide in one mole of the corresponding racemic mixture in thermodynamic equilibrium at ambient temperature. The significance of the energy difference between enantiomers arising from the electroweak interaction for the transition from racemic geochemistry to homochiral biochemistry in terrestrial evolution is discussed.
103 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the normal state of cold fermionic matter, neutral with respect to all charges, is unstable at sufficiently high fermion density, and a first-order phase transition to the abnormal state with zero density of real fermions takes place.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the one-loop electroweak radiative corrections to the longitudinal polarization asymmetry and forward-backward asymmetry were calculated on and off Z 0 resonance in a renormalization scheme which uses τ e.m. (0), M Z, H H, M fermions and μ μ (the muon decay lifetime) as input data.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the radiative corrections to the one-loop order of the electroweak parameters in N = 1 supersymmetry were investigated and the general conclusion was that one always ends up by finding a few hundred MeV maximal effect on the weak boson mass shifts, i.e., much smaller than the corresponding effect obtained in the standard model.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that the electroweak fermion number nonconservation associated with the θ-vacuum structure and the triangle anomaly can be unsuppressed if there exist fermions with masses of order MW/αw (a few TeV), the relevant processes being the decays of these heavy particles.
TL;DR: In this article, a one-loop finite grand unified SU(5) model with softly broken SUSY was constructed and the superpartner spectrum was parametrized in terms of only one free parameter.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a careful analysis of the constraints on supergravity parameters from the requirement of SU(2)×U(1) symmetry breaking, and obtain fully analytic solutions to the relevant renormalization group equations, they are able to explore the whole range of parameters.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of a weak isoscalar vector boson Y coupled to the weak hypercharge current, and, alternatively, the effect of an isoscalar vector Boson YL coupled with the left-handed part of the weak Hypercharge current only, are investigated within the framework of an effective electroweak lagrangian theory incorporating W(Y) dominance.
TL;DR: The Higgs-boson contributions in three classes of models are examined and it is found that they are potentially the dominant effect and severe limits on the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking scales and Yukawa couplings are found in some scenarios which have a separate scale for fermion masses.
Abstract: We study the second-order weak correction to the muon anomalous magnetic moment in alternative electroweak gauge theories. The gauge-boson contributions are constrained by low-energy weak-interaction phenomenology. We examine the Higgs-boson contributions in three classes of models and find that they are potentially the dominant effect. Contributions of lepton-number-violating Higgs-boson interactions are calculated and included in the analysis. Severe limits on the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking scales and Yukawa couplings are found in some scenarios which have a separate scale for fermion masses, including the standard model with more than one doublet and a left-right model which naturally explains small neutrino masses. Higgs-boson effects may be detectable when order-of-magnitude improvements are made in the measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Skyrme model coupled with an SU(2) L gauge field was studied and the authors showed that the Skyremion is classical stable. But they also showed that for other values of the parameters there are no soliton solutions to the classical field equations.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the quark mass matrices in the standard electroweak model satisfy the empirical relation M = M′+O(λ2), where M(M′) refers to the mass matrix of the charge 23(−13) quarks normalized to the largest eigenvalue, mt(mb), and λ = Vus ≈ 0.22.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived some quantitative relations between the anomalous magnetic moment of the W boson and the scale of compositeness from partial-wave unitarity at high energies.
TL;DR: A semiperturbative regularization is discussed which automatically gives the non-Abelian anomaly for chiral fermions in the presence of electroweak fields.
Abstract: The connection between the Wess-Zumino condition and the chiral anomaly is discussed in the path-integral framework. When the non-Abelian anomaly exists, the Dirac operator detDLSL can be specified in various ways. The different specifications of detDLSL in the path integral lead to different forms of Ward-Takahashi identities and to different definitions of composite current operators involved. The Wess-Zumino condition imposes the generalized Bose symmetry among the gauge vertices, and thus it introduces a particular definition of current operators. For example, the axial-vector hypercharge current of an SU(3) theory, which is constructed to be consistent with the Wess-Zumino condition and global chiral symmetry, may be reduced to a U(1) current of the SU(2) subtheory; this particular construction of the U(1) current, however, does not satisfy the Atiyah-Singer index theorem expected for the SU(2) theory. We also discuss a semiperturbative regularization which automatically gives the non-Abelian anomaly for chiral fermions in the presence of electroweak fields.
TL;DR: In this paper, the contribution of the vector and axial-vector current to the continuum and calculate the rate for Z decays into top particles as a function of the top quark mass, including QCD corrections.
TL;DR: In this article, the Higgs mass and the ϒ decay branching ratio were calculated and a light supersymmetric Higgs may be lurking just beyond the sensitivity of present experiments on ϒ radiative decays.
TL;DR: The possibility of attributing a characteristic size to the neutrino is discussed in the context of the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg model of the electroweak interactions by means of theelectroweak radius, a finite and gauge-independent quantity of the order of ${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}33}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$.
Abstract: The possibility of attributing a characteristic size to the neutrino is discussed in the context of the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg model of the electroweak interactions. We define the electroweak radius by means of the ${\ensuremath{
u}}_{l}$l' scattering amplitude at the one-loop level. This amplitude can be written, in a certain kinematical domain, in terms of only two form factors, which multiply the electromagnetic current and the weak neutral current, respectively. Since the first one does not depend on the properties of the charged lepton l', its derivative gives a suitable measure of the neutrino size. By construction, the electroweak radius so defined is a finite and gauge-independent quantity of the order ${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}33}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$, and it gets contributions from the proper neutrino electromagnetic vertex, from the \ensuremath{\gamma}-Z self-energy, and from part of the box diagrams. We also show explicitly the gauge dependence of the first two contributions.
TL;DR: If the quartic scalar coupling of the standard SU(2) x U(1) electroweak gauge model is assumed to be a function of the gauge couplings, then that function is determinable by use of the renormalization group.
Abstract: If the quartic scalar coupling of the standard SU(2) x U(1) electroweak gauge model is assumed to be a function of the gauge couplings, then that function is determinable by use of the renormalization group. As a result, the mass of the Higgs boson is predicted to be 49 +- 2 GeV.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the decay branching ratios of τ pair events in the reactione+e−→τ+ τ− at a c.m. energy of 34.6 GeV.
Abstract: We have studied 419 τ pair events produced in the reactione+e−→τ+ τ− at a c.m. energy of 34.6 GeV. We measure the cross section and angular distribution, as well as the decay branching ratios. The production characteristics are consistent with the Standard Electroweak Model predictions of γ andZ0 interference. The branching ratios are generally consistent with the τ decaying according to standard weak interaction principles, but we observe somewhat more decays resulting in single charged hadrons plus neutrals than are predicted by present theory.
Book•
19 Feb 1985
TL;DR: Particles and principles gravitation and electrodynamics the strong interaction the weak interaction the electroweak theory prospects for unification as mentioned in this paper. But this is not the case in the case of the electron.
Abstract: Particles and principles gravitation and electrodynamics the strong interaction the weak interaction the electroweak theory prospects for unification.
TL;DR: In this paper, a high statistics measurement from deep inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering of the electroweak parameters ϱ and sin 2 θ w, performed in the Fermilab narrow-band Neutrino beam, is described.
TL;DR: In this paper, the total cross section and the inclusive muon cross section for the process e+e−→ hadrons have been measured in the center mass energy range between 39.79 and 46.78 GeV.
TL;DR: The success of the Fritzsch mass-matrix Ansatz in reproducing the observed pattern of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mixings can be explained by having the mass matrices of the charge and -(1/3) quarks closely proportional to each other.
Abstract: The success of the Fritzsch mass-matrix Ansatz in reproducing the observed pattern of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mixings can be explained by having the mass matrices of the charge (2/3) and -(1/3) quarks closely proportional to each other. Thus except for light quarks, the ratio of these two masses in each generation should be the same. Extending this to the fourth generation and using the electroweak rho-parameter constraint we expect that the fourth charged lepton, the seventh (down type), and the eighth (up type) quarks, if they exist, are likely to have masses around 25, 60, and 450 GeV, respectively.