Showing papers on "Emancipation published in 2018"

Ontological Terror: Blackness, Nihilism, and Emancipation

Abstract: In Ontological Terror Calvin L. Warren intervenes in Afro-pessimism, Heideggerian metaphysics, and black humanist philosophy by positing that the "Negro question" is intimately imbricated with questions of Being. Warren uses the figure of the antebellum free black as a philosophical paradigm for thinking through the tensions between blackness and Being. He illustrates how blacks embody a metaphysical nothing. This nothingness serves as a destabilizing presence and force as well as that which whiteness defines itself against. Thus, the function of blackness as giving form to nothing presents a terrifying problem for whites: they need blacks to affirm their existence, even as they despise the nothingness they represent. By pointing out how all humanism is based on investing blackness with nonbeing—a logic which reproduces antiblack violence and precludes any realization of equality, justice, and recognition for blacks—Warren urges the removal of the human from its metaphysical pedestal and the exploration of ways of existing that are not predicated on a grounding in being.

‘And now I’m free’: Women’s empowerment and emancipation through entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia and Sweden

Abstract: Critical perspectives have called for the study of women’s entrepreneurship as a route to social change. This ‘social turn’ claims women are empowered and/or emancipated through entrepreneurship wi...

The Economic Effects of the Abolition of Serfdom: Evidence from the Russian Empire

Abstract: We document substantial increases in agricultural productivity, industrial output, and peasants' nutrition in Imperial Russia as a result of the abolition of serfdom in 1861. Before the emancipation, provinces where serfs constituted the majority of agricultural laborers lagged behind provinces that primarily relied on free labor. The emancipation led to a significant but partial catch up. Better incentives of peasants resulting from the cessation of ratchet effect were a likely mechanism behind a relatively fast positive effect of reform on agricultural productivity. The land reform, which instituted communal land tenure after the emancipation, diminished growth in productivity in repartition communes.

Hybrid Clubs: A Feminist Approach to Peacebuilding in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Abstract: Critical approaches to peacebuilding have achieved a local turn wherein alienated indigenous experiences are the cornerstone of emancipatory practices – yet this emancipation of the ‘different’ ris

Education and the Love for the World: articulating a post-critical educational philosophy

Abstract: Sharing with critical pedagogy the belief that there is no necessity in the given order of things, and that we can always begin anew with the world, the post-critical educational philosophy articulated here seeks to overcome the internal contradictions of this paradigm by positing an affirmative, educational approach to educational philosophy. This understands education not as political action, as in critical pedagogy, working in the name of emancipation, but rather, following Ranciere, assumes an equality of intelligences as a starting point from which the world can be set free for the new generation. This entails a pedagogy founded on an attitude of unconditional love both of the world and of the new generation, in the Arendtian sense. In this article we formulate a set of principles that articulate what such an affirmative attitude consists of: striving for pedagogical hermeneutics (rather than defending a hermeneutical pedagogy); adhering to a principled normativity (rather than to a procedural one); taking education to be for education’s sake (rather than for extrinsic goals such as global citizenship); and starting from a passionate devotion to what is good in the ‘here and now’ (rather than by a hatred of the world in expectation of a utopia that is never to come).

Critical Cross-Cultural Management: Outline and Emerging Contributions

Abstract: Critical perspectives on cross-cultural management (CCM) are increasingly present in our research community; however, they are spread over multiple research fields (e.g., international bu...

Don’t be so hateful: The insufficiency of anti-discrimination and hate crime laws in improving trans well-being

Abstract: The question of judicial protection of trans people has come to the fore in recent years, culminating in Bill C-16 which added gender identity and gender expression to the federal anti-discrimination and hate crime laws. In this article, the author contests the notion that anti-discrimination and hate crime laws are effective in mitigating anti-trans harassment, discrimination, and violence. Suggesting that the model of anti-trans acts which underlies anti-discrimination and hate crime laws is erroneous, the author argues that the law’s impact on trans well-being will be modest and that a careful analysis of anti-trans attitudes enables us to identify a number of more effective governmental avenues toward trans emancipation.

Managerial Capitalism: Ownership, Management, and the Coming New Mode of Production

Abstract: List of Figures List of Tables 1. Introduction Part I: Modes of Production and Classes 2. Patterns of Income Distribution 3. Marx's Theory of History 4. Managers in Marx's Analysis 5. Sociality and Class Societies 6. Managerialism and Managerial Capitalism 7. A Wealth of Alternative Interpretations 8. Hybridization as Analytical Challenge Part II: Twelve Decades of Managerial Capitalism 9. Varying Trends of Inequality 10. The Sequence of Social Orders 11. Class and Imperial Power Structures 12. The Politics of Social Change 13. Tendencies, Crises and Struggles Part III: Past Attempts at the Inflection of Historical Dynamics 14. Utopian Capitalism in Bourgeois Revolutions 15. Utopian Socialism and Anarchism 16. Self-Proclaimed Scientific Socialism Part IV: Prospects for Human Emancipation within and beyond Managerialisms 15. The Economics and Politics of Managerialisms 16. The Potential of Popular Struggle Notes Index

The Second Slavery, Capitalism, and Emancipation in Civil War America

Abstract: The historiography of slavery in the nineteenth century has undergone a dramatic shift over the past few years. The “second slavery” as well as work on the relationship between American slavery and capitalism, have altered some of the basic paradigms which have propped up thinking about the institution in the history of the United States. This essay surveys the intellectual origins and development of both projects. It offers a critique of the assumptions which undergird this new work, while at the same time pointing up how these two projects might engage with and be challenged by the history and historiography of American emancipation. In particular, a history of coerced labor in the United States and around the world in the nineteenth century, counters the often insular way in which the story of emancipation and Reconstruction is traditionally cast.

Women, Gender, and the Boundaries of Reconstruction

Abstract: This essay surveys Reconstruction scholarship centrally concerned with women and gender published since the 1990s. By drawing on gender theory, particularly the insights of intersectional analysis, women’s historians advanced a redefinition of politics that has transformed Reconstruction historiography over the past twenty-five years. This essay examines the tension between scholarship that emphasizes the importance of gendered exclusions in grounding Reconstruction’s civil rights gains and research that foregrounds women’s engagement in the era’s radically pluralistic politics. The western turn in Reconstruction scholarship raises new questions about emancipation’s impact on women’s lives and the connections between women’s suffrage and white supremacy. This essay contends that gender remains an essential analytical category for historians seeking to integrate regional strands of Reconstruction scholarship; at the same time, it argues that recognizing women’s agency in advancing and curtailing the era’s equalitarian potential is essential to developing comprehensive new narratives of the postwar era.

Feminist Networks in Times of Multi-layered Transformations: Perspectives from Tunisia

Abstract: In Western scholarship and policy analysis, Tunisia has been singled out since its independence in 1956 as a “model for modernity” in the region of the Middle East and North African (MENA) with the first president after independence, Habib Bourguiba introducing progressive women’s rights. With the uprisings in 2010/2011, Tunisia again stood out, and this time as the country where the so-called Arab Spring started and information and communication technologies (ICTs) were used to overthrow dictatorship. Here, the narrative of the “Facebook revolution” took its starting point where ICTs were framed as tools of emancipation and empowerment.

Popular Culture in Africa: The Episteme of the Everyday

Abstract: Foreword by Karin Barber 1. Introduction: Popular Culture in Africa: the Episteme of the Everyday Stephanie Newell and Onookome Okome I. Theoretical overviews 2. On Creativity in African Urban Life: African Cities as Sites of Creativity and Emancipation Till Foerster 3. Our Tradition is a Very Modern Tradition: From Cultural Tradition to Popular Culture in South Western Nigeria Will Rea II. Gender & Sexuality in African Popular Cultures 4. Sex and Relationship Education of the Streets: Advice on Love, Sex, and Relationships in Popular Swahili Newspaper Columns and Pamphlets in Tanzania Uta Reuster-Jahn 5. The Other Woman's Man is so Delicious: Performing Sudanese "Girls' Songs" Eiman Abbas H. El-Nour 6. Bingo: Francophone African Women and the Rise of the Glossy Magazine" Tsitsi Jaji 7. `Better Ghana [Agenda]'?: Akosua's Political Cartoons and Critical Public Debates in Contemporary Ghana Joseph Oduro-Frimpong 8. Desired State: Black Economic Empowerment and the South African Popular Romance Christopher Warnes III: The Place of Humor 9. Standup Comedy and the Ethics of Popular Performance in Nigeria Moradewun Adejunmobi 10. Literary Insurgence in the Kenyan Urban Space: Mchongoano and the Popular Art Scene in Nairobi Miriam Musonye IV: Popular Discourses of the Streets 11. Music for Troubled Times: Caiphus Semenya's Nomalanga and Zuluboy's Nomalanga Mntakwethu Innocentia Jabulisile Mhlambi 12. Archives of the Present in Parselelo Kantai's Writing Grace A. Musila 13. Heshimu Ukuta: Local Language Radio and the Performance of Fan Culture in Kenya Peter Simatei 14. Football as Social Unconscious or the Cultural Logic of Late Imperialism in Postcolonial Nigeria James Tar Tsaaior V. Coda 15. Lazymen's Clinic: A Musing on Everyday Life and Research" Ranka Primorac

Democracy and emancipation in teacher education: A summative content analysis of teacher educators’ democratic assignment expressed in policies for Teacher Education in Sweden and Ireland between 2000-2010:

Abstract: How questions concerning democracy and emancipation thread through teacher education is currently under theorized and there is a paucity of cross-national studies examining the problem. In this stu...

Realist studies of oppression, emancipation and resistance

Abstract: This article introduces two papers in a special section of this journal. It explains why realist studies of oppression, emancipation and resistance are needed. We trace the development of studies in this area, noting their Marxian roots, divergence with post-structural theorising and more recent critical realist advancements. We conclude by highlighting the weaknesses in studies of this area and by arguing that progress in this area is important for understanding how emancipation from oppression might be possible.

Rethinking emancipation with Freire and Rancière: A plea for a thing-centred pedagogy

Abstract: In this article, I critically engage with a vital assumption behind the work of Paulo Freire, and more generally behind any critical pedagogy, viz. the belief that education is fundamentally about emancipation. My main goal is to conceive of a contemporary critical pedagogy which stays true to the original inspiration of Freire’s work, but which at the same time takes it in a new direction. More precisely, I confront Freire with Jacques Ranciere. Not only is the latter’s work on education fully predicated on the idea of emancipation. For both Freire and Ranciere, literacy initiation practice can be seen as an archetypical model for understanding the emancipatory moment in education. For both, educational practices are never neutral, as they decide to a great extent on the fate of our common world. Reflecting on similarities and differences in both their positions, I will propose to conceive of critical pedagogy in terms of a thing-centred pedagogy. As such, I take a clear position in the discussio...

Slavery and Empire in Central Asia

Abstract: The Central Asian slave trade swept hundreds of thousands of Iranians, Russians, and others into slavery during the eighteenth–nineteenth centuries. Drawing on eyewitness accounts, autobiographies, and newly-uncovered interviews with slaves, this book offers an unprecedented window into slaves' lives and a penetrating examination of human trafficking. Slavery strained Central Asia's relations with Russia, England, and Iran, and would serve as a major justification for the Russian conquest of this region in the 1860s–70s. Challenging the consensus that the Russian Empire abolished slavery with these conquests, Eden uses these documents to reveal that it was the slaves themselves who brought about their own emancipation by fomenting the largest slave uprising in the region's history.

Legacies of slavery for race, religion, and empire: S.J. Celestine Edwards and the Hard Truth (1894)

Abstract: S.J. Celestine Edwards (1857?–1894), the son of liberated West Indian slaves, was the publisher of Lux (1892) and Fraternity (1893). Edwards, a lay preacher, had established a national reputation before becoming the first black editor in the United Kingdom. In July 1894, shortly before his death, a new book, Hard Truth, presented a dialogue between Christ and Lucifer on slavery, emancipation, and imperialism. This novella and his journalism emphasised the continuities from the slave past for what he termed ‘Anglo-Saxonism’. Edwards offered a sophisticated analysis of slavery and racism and of its legacy for abolitionist, humanitarian, and missionary engagements with the empire.

Facing the conflicts and complicities betweencapitalist modernisation and Islamisation : a study of women’s subjectivities and emancipatorystruggles in Iran

Abstract: This thesis is concerned with understanding women’s emancipatory struggles and efforts to challenge their secondary status in Iran, but with reference to other Muslim societies in the Middle East. To explore the possibility of women’s emancipation in Iran, the thesis focuses on, firstly, the position of women in relation to the forces of capitalist modernisation and Islamisation; secondly and more importantly, on women’s main convictions and inner-conflicts, and how these are shaped by those forces. The thesis thus seeks to grasp the structure and dynamics of women’s subjective field and to identify distinct subjective patterns which would constitute different responses to their situation. The thesis is divided into two parts: first, a literature review throws light on different crucial aspects of women’s lives and possibilities for transformation in Iran and other Muslim societies in relation to the forces of capitalist modernisation and Islamisation. While showing the richness and growing sophistications of an expanding field of study, the literature review also pointed out to a few significant lacunae or gaps in current research. Two such gaps stand out and are of the greatest relevance for this thesis, namely, the fact that the issues of women’s emancipation and subjectivities are missing in most studies of Muslim women, as these studies tend to overwhelmingly focus on women’s (often imposed rather than self-attributed) identities and on the anti-Western or anti-Islamic aspects thereof. The second part of this thesis, a field study, seeks to fill in some of those gaps, particularly those concerning women’s subjectivities and struggles for emancipation. In-depth semi-structured open-ended interviews with twenty-two Iranian women in Tehran from different social classes and backgrounds were conducted. The interviews, based on an interview guide designed so as to capture crucial aspects of women’s subjective dispositions and strivings for emancipation, immediately brought out the critical importance of the opposition, missing in most studies, between capitalism and emancipation, and enabled the development of a two-dimensional framework based on two central oppositions: capitalism vs. emancipation on the horizontal axis or dimension, and modernity vs. tradition on the vertical one. A more in-depth analysis of the interviews through the lens of the new framework allowed the identification of four main subjectivities carried by women and explain their emergence in terms of interaction effects between the four subjective determinations defining the framework (capitalism, modernity, emancipation and tradition): Islamist subjectivity, a statist form of religion in strong opposition to emancipatory feminism, the subjectivity of desire for the West, a fascination for individualism and a Western lifestyle and a denial of tradition, traditionalist subjectivities, a strong tendency to preserve all forms of traditions particularly religion and nationalism, and emancipatory subjectivity, although the latter only appears in this study in the form of modern emancipatory aspects and elements (with equality at their core) rather than a full-fledged ‘emancipatory subjectivity’. Thanks to this form of analysis we have come to understand that women’s movements in Iran are more oriented towards ‘tackling Islamisation’ than ‘seeking equality’ or ‘challenging patriarchy’. It is on this basis that the thesis draws two of its main conclusions: firstly, that the opposition between capitalism and emancipation should be not only taken into account, but a major basis for any future studies on Muslim women; and, secondly, that the struggle against Islamisation cannot be separated from the struggles against social inequality and patriarchy.

The Emancipation of Biblical Philology in the Dutch Republic, 1590-1670

Abstract: that he was able to enjoy the anti-institutional patronage of the Medici and, later, the patronage afforded him by his induction into the Roman Accademia dei Lincei and by the Lincei’s embrace of the Saggiatore. It is interesting to think of the learned societies being in this way at the cutting edge and to witness their shaping role in Italy’s intellectual life at the close of what, from the perspective of Celenza’s thesis, is the long fifteenth century. I leave it to others to weigh the merits of the chapters on the individual philosophers, all of which deserve close examination in their own right, and all of which speak variously to the linkage between language and philosophy, the core concern of this stimulating book.

The Problem and the Promise: Black Life and the Coming of Freedom in Late Nineteenth Century America

Abstract: Author(s): McGee Jr, Michael | Advisor(s): Scott, Darieck | Abstract: This dissertation is a cultural investigation of the meaning of freedom in America from Emancipation to the early twentieth century. Since 1776, a liberal discourse of rights has framed what freedom means in the national consciousness. Defined as an inalienable right legitimated by an infallible authority, freedom was made the basis upon which subjectivity is recognized, governments are formed, appeals are made, and revolutions retain the allure of transformative possibility. However, this idea of freedom obscures the ways in which problems with legitimacy, authority, and the sociopolitical construction of subjecthood all impact the meaning of being free in America. These problems are most apparent concerning the nation’s racial politics. The lives of black Americans have exposed the aporia between the ideal of freedom and the reality of racialized existence. The dissonance between the freedom praised as America's most valued ideal and the experience black Americans lived allows for a way of reading the coming of freedom as problem—as a collection of discrepancies, contradictions, and scenes for the violation and subjection of black people. In this project, I read emancipation and the passing of the Reconstruction Amendments as narrative and performative events. By doing so, the freedoms extended to black Americans post-Civil War are neither bestowed by law or the radical ideals of Lincoln as emancipator or the Republican Congress, nor do black Americans initiate their own meaning of freedom of their own accord. In this moment of transition, the meaning of freedom was determined by both those in political power and those whose practices sought to negotiate the conditions in which they lived. However, as the meaning of freedom was shaped in this moment, it would be insufficient to address the problems of racial logic that restricted what freedom could mean for not only black Americans but the national body at large. This project is an attempt to trouble what we know about freedom as it regards emancipation, abolition, citizenship, and enfranchisement. It is a project that criticizes the narrative of victory around freedom in this moment and considers the ways in which the freedom celebrated in a national historical consciousness has been the very source of the problem in determining what it means to be free in America.

Conspiracy Theorists and Organization Studies

Abstract: This essay proposes an experiment in workplace emancipation by letting go of the assumption of who knows best in the domain of knowledge and suspending ‘social closure’ (Weber) as a mechanism of ex

The Dutch in the Atlantic Economy, 1580–1880: Trade, Slavery, and Emancipation

Abstract: Contents: The Dutch in the Atlantic Economy, 1580-1880: an introduction The Dutch and the making of the Second Atlantic System The Dutch participation in the Atlantic slave trade, 1596-1650 The West India Company, 1621-1791: Dutch or Atlantic? 'Jesus Christ was good but trade was better': an overview of the transit trade of the Dutch Antilles, 1634-1795 Abolition of the abolished: the illegal Dutch slave trade and the mixed courts Anti-slavery and the Dutch: abolition without reform Changes in the Suriname labour market during the 19th century: Smith and Marx in the West Indies Plantation slavery in Suriname in the last decade before emancipation: the case of Catharina Sophia The price of freedom: the constraints of change in post-emancipation America Between slavery and freedom: the period of apprenticeship in Suriname (Dutch Guiana),1863-73 The ideology of free labour and Dutch colonial policy, 1830-70 Select Bibliography Index.

Women entrepreneurs, individual and collective work–family interface strategies and emancipation

Abstract: This paper aims to examine the experience of women entrepreneurs and the challenges and issues they face in reconciling the work activities of the family sphere with those of the entrepreneurial sphere.,This study is based on a materialist feminist perspective and a theory of living work that take into account the visible and invisible dimensions of the real work performed by women entrepreneurs. The methodology is based on a qualitative research design involving individual and group interviews conducted with 70 women entrepreneurs.,The results show the various individual and collective strategies deployed by women entrepreneurs to reconcile the work activities of the family and entrepreneurial spheres.,One of the major findings emerging from the results of this study relates to the re-appropriation of the world of work and organization of work by women entrepreneurs and its emancipatory potential for the division of labour. Through the authority and autonomy they possessed as business owners, and with their employees’ cooperation, they integrated and internalized tasks related to the work activities of the family sphere into the organization of work itself. Thus, not only new forms of work organization and cooperation at work but also new ways of conceiving of entrepreneurship as serving women’s life choices and emancipation could be seen to be emerging.

Italy's Jews from Emancipation to Fascism

Abstract: How did Italy treat Jews during World War II? Historians have shown beyond doubt that many Italians were complicit in the Holocaust, yet Italy is still known as the Axis state that helped Jews. Shira Klein uncovers how Italian Jews, though victims of Italian persecution, promoted the view that Fascist Italy was categorically good to them. She shows how the Jews' experience in the decades before World War II - during which they became fervent Italian patriots while maintaining their distinctive Jewish culture - led them later to bolster the myth of Italy's wartime innocence in the Fascist racial campaign. Italy's Jews experienced a century of dramatic changes, from emancipation in 1848, to the 1938 Racial Laws, wartime refuge in America and Palestine, and the rehabilitation of Holocaust survivors. This cultural and social history draws on a wealth of unexplored sources, including original interviews and unpublished memoirs.

Building emancipatory peace through anarcho-pacifism

Abstract: The study of pragmatic nonviolence shows that nonviolence is often more effective than violence in its ability to overthrow governments and create more peaceable post-revolution societies. Nonviole...

“Risky” Subjects: Theorizing Migration as Risk and Implications for Newcomers in Schools and Societies

Abstract: This article theorizes migration as risk, drawing on Biesta’s notion of risk. The author explores how productive risk connects with emancipation, seeing the risky migrant subjects in societies in n...