Showing papers on "Emancipation published in 2019"
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: Zablotsky et al. as discussed by the authors investigated how colonial imaginaries of the Armenian nation were produced by trans-imperial entanglements between the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean, and the North Atlantic since the early modern period in order to develop a postcolonial critique of neoliberal development in post-Soviet Armenia.
Abstract: Author(s): Zablotsky, Veronika | Advisor(s): Dent, Gina | Abstract: This dissertation reconsiders the history of Armenian displacement from the standpoint of feminist and postcolonial theory. It investigates how colonial imaginaries of the Armenian nation were produced by trans-imperial entanglements between the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean, and the North Atlantic since the early modern period in order to develop a postcolonial critique of neoliberal development in post-Soviet Armenia. Building on Edward Said’s framework of Orientalism, it argues that constructions of Armenians as representatives of the “West” in the “East” not only disarticulated Armenian claims to indigeneity in West Asia but also facilitated the global expansion of colonial logics of race and empire. The four chapters of this thesis deploy a mixed methodology that combines empirical and archival research with analyses of textual and visual materials to rethink the concept of emancipation in West Asia. They draw on a range of sources from novels and memoirs, including "The Life and Adventures of Joseph Emin" (1792), to diplomatic reports, newspaper articles, and naturalization cases that determined whether Armenians were to be categorized as “free white persons” in the United States. Furthermore, they discuss the silent film "Auction of Souls" (1919) alongside images and photographs of Armenian orphans by Near East Relief, the writings of Fridtjof Nansen and Karen Jeppe, among others, as well as images and illustrations in an Armenian-language Soviet women’s journal. Based on open-ended interviews and participant observation among diasporic reformers in post-Soviet Armenia’s non-governmental development sector, this thesis demonstrates that neoliberal development in post-Soviet Armenia actualizes colonial logics that preceded and exceded Soviet statecraft. By contrasting the early Soviet project of women’s emancipation with the inter-war mandate system in the Middle East, and colonial subjection by the English joint-stock corporation in South Asia, it develops an alternative account of globalization that offers a postcolonial approach to postsocialism and diaspora in West Asia. Drawing on critical race and political theory, it concludes that moving toward collective futures beyond the colonial gaze will require emancipation from the logic of development, or “developmentality,” as a rationality of government.
78 citations
Book•
02 Apr 2019
TL;DR: Gates as discussed by the authors uncovers the roots of structural racism in our own time, while showing how African-Americans after slavery combatted it by articulating a vision of a 'New Negro' to force the nation to recognise their humanity and unique contributions to the United States.
Abstract: The abolition of slavery after the Civil War is a familiar story, as is the civil rights revolution that transformed the nation after World War II. But the century in between remains a mystery: if emancipation sparked 'a new birth of freedom' in Lincoln's America, why was it necessary to march in Martin Luther King, Jr.'s America? Gates uncovers the roots of structural racism in our own time, while showing how African-Americans after slavery combatted it by articulating a vision of a 'New Negro' to force the nation to recognise their humanity and unique contributions to the United States.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted 35 interviews with community sports coaches, managers and players from ethnic minority groups to investigate the absence from sport participation among girls from ethno-cultural minorities.
Abstract: Absence from sport participation among girls from ethno-cultural minorities is often highlighted as an inclusion policy challenge. Based on 35 interviews with community sports coaches, managers and...
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the experience of middle management through the concept of boundary work, characterized as the work of negotiating between multiple roles in the interstices of organiza...
Abstract: The current article examines the experience of middle management through the concept of boundary work, characterized as the work of negotiating between multiple roles in the interstices of organiza...
24 citations
TL;DR: Boyer, the future president of Haiti, was brought to New London, Connecticut with other partisans from the pro-French forces in St. Domingue in 1800.
Abstract: Near the end of the Quasi-War in 1800, Jean-Pierre Boyer, future president of Haiti, was brought to New London, Connecticut with other partisans from the pro-French forces in St. Domingue. Boyer al...
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors engage with feminist discussions about secularity, gender, and emancipation, and the feminist study of the secular was spurred by interventions of Saba Mahmood [2005].
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the historical shifts in legitimizing water use rights, these claims' social acceptance, and their materialization in hydraulic infrastructure and access to water in the Pucara watershed.
17 citations
TL;DR: The authors explains how the British colonial state used debt to finance and subsidize indentured labor migration to British Guiana after the abolition of slavery, and uncovers, for the first time, the role of debt in this process.
Abstract: This article explains how the British colonial state used debt to finance and subsidize indentured labor migration to British Guiana after the abolition of slavery. It uncovers, for the first time ...
16 citations
01 Mar 2019
TL;DR: The importance of demarcating gender and sexually diverse populations in structural social work theory is discussed from a differently centred cultural group perspective highlighting distinct qualities that fall outside normative gender identities and heterosexuality as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The importance of demarcating gender and sexually diverse populations in structural social work theory is discussed from a differently centred cultural group perspective highlighting distinct qualities that fall outside normative gender identities and heterosexuality. Historical oppression experienced by these populations has likened their inclusion in structural social work theory yet the continued marginalization of these populations and associated implications are not to be lost sight of. A means of bringing currency to structural social work theory with regard to these populations is to embrace liberationist goals taking intersectionality into consideration. Such goals are in alliance with the social work values of acceptance, self-determination and respect working towards social justice and emancipation, and go far beyond the rights-claims equality agenda that sustains a slightly varied hegemony, giving the social location of gender and sexually diverse groups relevancy and viability on the structural landscape of social work.
TL;DR: The Bologna-process has been highly influenced by the European higher education as discussed by the authors, entailing coordination and standardisation from policy to teaching practices. This led to increased demands on universities to follow the Bolognas process.
Abstract: European higher education has been highly influenced by theBologna-process, entailing coordination and standardisation frompolicy to teaching practices. This led to increased demands onuniversity t ...
Book•
29 Oct 2019
TL;DR: The rise of the populist right and the concomitant crisis of progressive neoliberalism have reactivated debates about the possibility and desirability of a left populism as mentioned in this paper, through an engagement with...
Abstract: The rise of the populist right and the concomitant crisis of progressive neoliberalism have reactivated debates about the possibility and desirability of a left populism. Through an engagement with...
TL;DR: The authors reframes the origins and conseqseqseqes of the Boyer Declaration of Haitian Emancipation in 1822 in neighboring Santo Domingo, heralding a new epoch of "unification" in Haiti.
Abstract: In 1822, Haitian president Jean-Pierre Boyer proclaimed emancipation in neighboring Santo Domingo, heralding a new epoch of ‘unification’ in Hispaniola. This article reframes the origins and conseq...
Book•
06 Feb 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a Dalit perspective on nationalism by using colonial archives, Telugu Dalit writings, and their political activities, and bring to the fore the unacknowledged contributions of Dalits towards the collective imagination of nation in India.
Abstract: The story of anti-colonial nationalism in India as told in mainstream literary and historical writings presents privileged caste Hindus as heroes and founders. Dalits have mostly been viewed as passive subjects. This book inverts the dominant nationalist narrative and brings to the fore the unacknowledged contributions of Dalits towards the collective imagination of nation in India. By using colonial archives, Telugu Dalit writings, and their political activities, this book presents a Dalit perspective on nationalism.
As politicized subjects, Dalits embraced their history as part of their emancipation project. Arguing for the abolition of untouchability, caste inequality, and the accompanying humiliations as a precondition for independence, they imagined a nation on the basis of the egalitarian principles of justice, liberty, equality, and human dignity. These eventually became the foundational principles of the Indian Constitution drafted under the guidance of B.R. Ambedkar. The arguments that emerged during the colonial period resonate even today in contemporary debates as Dalits continue to challenge their marginalization and mistreatment as violations of the Constitution.
TL;DR: The authors argued that Ranciere's aesthetic understanding of corporeality is central to his interpretation of intellectual emancipation, and argued that it can be seen as a form of self-criticism.
Abstract: This article contends that Jacques Ranciere’s aesthetic understanding of corporeality is central to his interpretation of intellectual emancipation. Concretely, I will argue that Ranciere’s aesthet...
23 Jun 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the benefits of a science education initiative, The Science Genius Program, that is anchored in Hip-Hop culture on urban youth in high school science classrooms, and found that students had positive experiences around science, see themselves using the skills they learned through the program to further their learning and were able to develop positive relationships with community members and teachers through participation in the program.
Abstract: This study explores the benefits of a science education initiative, The Science Genius Program, that is anchored in Hip-Hop culture on urban youth in high school science classrooms. We argue that the framework for the Science Genius Program provides skills for young people in urban communities to emancipate themselves from oppressive practices in the science classroom. Participants in this study are high school students who attended different urban high schools in one of the largest school systems in the country. This study provides insight on the experiences of students who participated in the Science Genius Program. Through this study the researchers found that students had positive experiences around science, see themselves using the skills they learned through the program to further their learning and were able to develop positive relationships with community members and teachers through participation in the program.
TL;DR: The first play, Esther, the Royal Jewess or the Death of Haman! (1835), performed at a public playhouse in the Jewish working-class neighborhood of London's East End, radically realigns diverse genres and populations in advocating both Jewish emancipation and a voice for women as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Long forgotten, Elizabeth Polack (fl. 1835–43) is the earliest known Jewish woman playwright in England. This essay argues that her first play, Esther, the Royal Jewess, or the Death of Haman! (1835), performed at a public playhouse in the Jewish working-class neighborhood of London's East End, radically realigns diverse genres and populations in advocating both Jewish emancipation and a voice for women. By way of a very brief introduction, I first point out the applicability here of Judith Butler's Notes toward a Performative Theory of Assembly. Butler explores how group protest, such as Tahir Square or Occupy Wall Street, serves as a kind of communal bodily signification. Of course, her point is not to address how people come together in a public theater, where the cast arrives daily for salaried jobs and the audience plunks down cold cash for a fun night out. Yet something else meaningful can occur in assembly within the theater. Theatrical performances can take on the discursive power of political assembly that Butler defines, signifying “in excess of what is said,” bringing actors and audience together with potentially political valence. Butler helps us understand the stakes of theatrical performance and public assembly and why it is important to examine Esther, the Royal Jewess beyond recovering a neglected author, though that too is part of my object.
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project is presented, which is an instructive leitmotif for the conversion of racial slavery's synecdochical plantation system in the Americas into the plantation of the world writ large: the global scene of antiblackness and the immutable qualification for enslavement.
Abstract: This proposed contribution to the special issue of ILWCH offers a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project. If, as is commonly supposed in its historiography and across contemporary discourse regarding its fortunes into the twenty-first century, Liberia is a notable, albeit contested, instance of the modern era's correctable violence in that it stands as an imperfect realization of the emancipated slave, the liberated colony, and the freedom to labor unalienated, then such representation continues to hide more than it reveals. This essay, instead, reads Liberia as an instructive leitmotif for the conversion of racial slavery's synecdochical plantation system in the Americas into the plantation of the world writ large: the global scene of antiblackness and the immutable qualification for enslavement accorded black positionality alone. Transitions between political economic systems—from slave trade to “re-colonization,” from Firestone occupation to dictatorial-democratic regimes—reemerge from this re-examination as crucial but inessential to understanding Liberia's position, and thus that of black laboring subjects, in the modern world. I argue that slavery is the simultaneous primitive accumulation of black land and bodies, but that this reality largely escapes current conceptualization of not only the history of labor but also that of enslavement. In other words, the African slave trade (driven first by Arabs in the Indian Ocean region, then Europeans in the Mediterranean, and, subsequently, Euro-Americans in the Atlantic) did not simply leave as its corollary effect, or byproduct, the underdevelopment of African societies. The trade in African flesh was at once the co-production of a geography of desire in which blackness is perpetually fungible at every scale, from the body to the nation-state to its soil—all treasures not simply for violation and exploitation, but more importantly, for accumulation and all manner of usage. The Liberian project elucidates this ongoing reality in distinctive ways—especially when we regard it through the lens of the millennium-plus paradigm of African enslavement. Conceptualizing slavery's “afterlife” entails exploring the ways that emancipation extended, not ameliorated, the chattel condition, and as such, impugns the efficacy of key analytic categories like “settler,” “native,” “labor,” and “freedom” when applied to black existence. Marronage, rather than colonization or emancipation, situates Liberia within the intergenerational struggle of, and over, black work against social death. Read as enslavement's conversion, this essay neither impugns nor heralds black action and leadership on the Liberian project at a particular historical moment, but rather agitates for centering black thought on the ongoing issue of black fungibility and social captivity that Liberia exemplifies. I argue that such a reading of Liberia presents a critique of both settler colonialism and of a certain conceptualization of the black radical tradition and its futures in heavily optimist, positivist, and political economic terms that are enjoying considerable favor in leading discourse on black struggle today.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss field research findings in Ghana that suggest that while Christian religious ideologies reinforce cultural beliefs about women's subservience, participants in this study find that critical engagements with religious or cultural ideologies can contribute to deconstructing patriarchal interpretations of religious beliefs that marginalize women.
Abstract: In postcolonial societies, emancipation and empowerment are often dialectically situated within colonial discourses of oppression and disempowerment. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the potential of religious institutions to contribute positively to women’s liberation is highly debatable. In particular, women’s ability to interpret Christian religious doctrine to advance their desire for equal rights depends largely on other leveraging factors such as education and socioeconomic status. This paper discusses field research findings in Ghana that suggest that while Christian religious ideologies reinforce cultural beliefs about women’s subservience, participants in this study find that critical engagements with religious or cultural ideologies can contribute to deconstructing patriarchal interpretations of religious or cultural beliefs that marginalize women. These interpretations of otherwise oppressive provisions in the Bible are found to contribute to women’s activism for gender equality in terms of their concept...
01 Nov 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the views of four prominent feminist intellectuals and philosophers (Maxine Greene, bell hooks, Christine Sleeter and Patti Lather) and how their ideas, coloured by their lifestyles, experiences, careers and beliefs, impacted the educational field.
Abstract: The present paper reports on the views of four prominent feminist intellectuals and philosophers (Maxine Greene, bell hooks, Christine Sleeter and Patti Lather) and how their ideas, coloured by their lifestyles, experiences, careers and beliefs, impacted the educational field. In common, these feminists championed the universal values of equality, freedom, pluralism using different educational and political stratagems. Together, they mapped new terrains of equity and fairness and anti-racist practices as social and educational practices. A free informed conscientious aesthetic and artistic imagination in addition to a multicultural approach to education are viewed as a salvation act from the taken-for-granted perceptions and routines as well as an emancipation of students’ brains from race, class and gender prejudices. It is concluded that these ideas, if put into practice, are liable to improve education as they pay heed to taking care of marginalized women, enhancing democratic teaching and building a healthy educational climate where both teachers and students are connected to the wider community.
TL;DR: The authors explores the contradictory history of lower castes converting out of Hinduism yet not out of lowliness or casteism in early twentieth-century Panjab, and analyzes the fraught relationship between landholding cultivators and landless laborers working side-by-side while continuing to be separate and unequal.
Abstract: This article explores the contradictory history of lower castes converting out of Hinduism yet not out of lowliness or casteism in early twentieth-century Panjab. It begins by contextualizing what B. R. Ambedkar's undelivered 1936 Lahore speech on annihilating caste might have meant to an audience of largely landless agricultural laborers. Next it examines the changing constellation of caste names and occupational designations for these groups amid the emergence of the Ad Dharm movement and its struggle to impart equality, dignity, and community to Panjabi Dalits. To situate this new sense of identity in the context of actual labor practices, the article then analyzes the fraught relationship between landholding cultivators and landless laborers working side-by-side while continuing to be separate and unequal. That a large proportion of lower castes could adopt religions other than Hinduism or even start their own and yet remain excluded and exploited reveals the limits of a politics centered on conversion, as well as a different horizon for emancipation.
SIDI1
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate students' attitudes about the social status of Moroccan woman and the variables that may influence the cause of woman liberation, which may include feminism, female activism and international human rights.
Abstract: The present study is an attempt to investigate students’ attitudes about the social status of Moroccan woman and the variables that may influence the cause of woman liberation. These variables may include feminism, female activism and international human rights on one hand. On the other hand, factors such as religion, patriarchy and marriage legislation could stand against the cause of female emancipation. The paper uses a theoretical and practical part. The review of literature is broad and inclusive that it trespasses the national intellectual framework on the issue of woman liberation to referring to western major feministic movements for woman emancipation worldwide such as liberal feminism. The field work is conducted through distributing a representative number of questionnaires, 350 questionnaires. Briefly, the findings proved that the majority of respondents, 55% hold the view that religion stands as a primary factor behind conservative gender perception, whereas, 49% of the respondents believe that education is the factor behind such perceptions. Furthermore, 40% believed that the patriarchal system is the element behind traditional treatment of gender. Concerning marriage legislation, 55% agree with the reforms in Al Mudawana in 2004. For female activism, 72% believe that women highly contributed in bringing about the changes in Al Mudawana reforms of 2004. This helped to generate an increasing female participation in politics as proved by 58% of the respondents. Finally, 65% hold the view that woman social status nowadays is semi-liberal and improving.
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make a case working towards a more explicitly differentiated conception of transformative learning which distinguishes between, and theorises across, individual and collective forms of reflexive agency linked to emancipation and human flourishing.
Abstract: This chapter makes a case working towards a more explicitly differentiated conception of transformative learning which distinguishes between, and theorises across, individual and collective forms of reflexive agency linked to emancipation and human flourishing. To do so, it explores the way Mezirow and Freire respectively understand freedom and autonomy, ideas which are central to both the practice and goals of transformative learning and critical pedagogy. The chapter synthesises these ideas within a critical realist account of biographical and social change drawing on the work of Roy Bhaskar and Cornelius Castoriadis. The overall aim is to contribute to a version of transformative learning theory which is informed by critical sociology and moves beyond well-established, often unhelpfully dichotomous, terms used to think about biographical and social change.
TL;DR: At the 1900 Paris World’s Fair, Frances Benjamin Johnston, one of America's first women photographers, played a key role in publicising in Europe American progressivism and emancipation in education.
Abstract: At the 1900 Paris World’s Fair, Frances Benjamin Johnston, one of America’s first women photographers, played a key role in publicising in Europe American progressivism and emancipation in educatio...
TL;DR: For example, Gay rights advocacy in the Conservative Party since the 1950s played down its difference from Conservative beliefs by emphasising pragmatism over emancipation; discretion over celebration; and resp...
Abstract: Gay rights advocacy in the Conservative Party since the 1950s played-down its difference from Conservative beliefs by emphasising pragmatism over emancipation; discretion over celebration; and resp...
Book•
04 Jan 2019
TL;DR: Part I: The Colonial-Fedaralist Eras The African Legacy Everday Slave Life in the United States Part II: The Antebelum Era Church and ritual Leisure time in the Negro Quarters Part III: The Postbellum Era The Black Teacher as Institution Everyday Live after Emancipation
Abstract: Part I: The Colonial-Fedaralist Eras The African Legacy Everday Slave Life in the United States Part II: The Antebelum Era Church and ritual Leisure time in the Negro Quarters Part III: The Postbellum Era The Black Teacher as Institution Everyday Live after Emancipation
TL;DR: The history of antisemitism in Romania is strictly connected to the religious and cultural framework of those territories, as well as to their political integration from the age of emancipation and independence to the establishment of a Greater Romania after World War I as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The history of antisemitism in Romania is strictly connected to the religious and cultural framework of those territories, as well as to their political integration from the age of emancipation and independence to the establishment of a Greater Romania after World War I. This article aims to analyse the different intersections of this historical process and the continuity between the old forms of anti-judaism and their re-interpretation according to modernist dynamics during the first half of the Twentieth-Century. The Romanian case illustrates the transformation and re-adapting of old religious prejudice in new doctrines of xenophobia, nationalism and antisemitism.