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Embeddedness

About: Embeddedness is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4773 publications have been published within this topic receiving 229721 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors develop a theory of the effects of interorganizational networks on both radical and incremental forms of firm-level entrepreneurial behavior (EB) and develop a dynamic, co-evolutionary model of EB.

227 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article explored variability across a set of subsidiaries in a given local context and the same industry in terms of innovative performance as an outcome of the manner and extent to which they embed within both corporate (internal) and local (external) counterparts.
Abstract: This paper explores variability across a set of subsidiaries in a given local context and the same industry in terms of innovative performance as an outcome of the manner and extent to which they embed within both corporate (internal) and local (external) counterparts. By drawing on fieldwork evidence of seven subsidiaries operating in Brazil (1996–2007) it was found that: (1) subsidiaries that were able to develop knowledge-intensive linkages with specific internal and external counterparts simultaneously and based on continually increased frequency and improved quality achieved higher innovative performance levels than subsidiaries that developed such linkages with limited frequency and unchanged quality over time; and (2) some counterparts and linkages were more effective than others in terms of contributing to the subsidiaries' innovative performance. By drawing on a novel approach that explores dual embeddedness and its impacts on differences across a set of subsidiaries in terms of innovative performance over time, this paper extends our understanding of embeddedness as part of strategic asset-seeking strategies. It also provides a basis to deepen the analysis of the nuances of multiple embeddedness and its implications for the subsidiary's competitive performance.

226 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss how to conceptualize economic action in the context of economic sociology and embeddedness, and propose a framework for conceptualizing economic action with respect to economic action.
Abstract: (2003). Economic Sociology and Embeddedness: How Shall We Conceptualize Economic Action? Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 769-787.

225 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article investigated the influence of national culture on corporate debt maturity choice and found that firms located in countries with high uncertainty avoidance, high collectivism, high power distance, and high masculinity tend to use more short-term debt.
Abstract: We investigate the influence of national culture on corporate debt maturity choice. Based on the framework of Williamson, we argue that culture located in social embeddedness level can shape contracting environments by serving as an informal constraint that affects human actors’ incentives and choices in market exchange. We therefore expect national culture to be related to debt maturity structure after controlling for legal, political, financial, and economic institutions. Using Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions (uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, power distance, and masculinity) as proxies for culture, and using a sample of 114,723 firm-years from 40 countries over the 1991 to 2006 period, we find robust evidence that firms located in countries with high uncertainty avoidance, high collectivism, high power distance, and high masculinity tend to use more short-term debt. We interpret our results as consistent with the view that national culture helps explain cross-country variations in the maturity structure of corporate debt.

224 citations

Book
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, sociologist Robert Castel reconstructs the history of what he calls "the social question," or the ways in which both labor and social welfare have been organized from the Middle Ages onward to contemporary industrial society.
Abstract: In this monumental book, sociologist Robert Castel reconstructs the history of what he calls "the social question," or the ways in which both labor and social welfare have been organized from the Middle Ages onward to contemporary industrial society. Throughout, the author identifies two constants bearing directly on the question of who is entitled to relief and who can be excluded: the degree of embeddedness in any given community and the ability to work. Along this dual axis the author locates virtually the entire history of social welfare in early-modern and contemporary Europe. This work is a systematic defense of the meaningfulness of the category of "the social," written in the tradition of Foucault, Durkheim, and Marx. Castel imaginatively builds on Durkheim's insight into the essentially social basis of work and welfare. Castel populates his sociological framework with vivid characterizations of the transient lives of the "disaffiliated": those colorful itinerants whose very existence proved such a threat to the social fabric of early-modern Europe. Not surprisingly, he discovers that the cruel and punitive measures often directed against these marginal figures are deeply implicated in the techniques and institutions of power and social control. The author also treats the flipside of the problem of social assistance: namely, matters of work and wage-labor. Castel brilliantly reveals how the seemingly objective line of demarcation between able-bodied beggars-those who are capable of work but who chose not to do so-and those who are truly disabled becomes stretched in modernity to make room for the category of the "working poor." It is the novel crisis posed by those masses of population who are unable to maintain themselves by their labor alone that most deeply challenges modern societies and forges recognizably modern policies of social assistance. The author's gloss on the social question also offers us valuable perspectives on contemporary debates over who should receive social assistance and whether this entitlement should be linked to the obligation to work. Castel's rich insights and brilliant generalizations are invaluable for anyone concerned with what he describes as the "new social question" of work and social welfare in contemporary society.

224 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023364
2022778
2021280
2020258
2019280