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Embeddedness
About: Embeddedness is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4773 publications have been published within this topic receiving 229721 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine linkages and tensions at the intersection between commercial dynamics of dominant firms and their societal embeddedness in diverse localities of consumption and production and compare two campaigns, one adversarial, the other collaborative, on corporate purchasing practices pursued by smaller, women-oriented NGOs to improve working conditions of a feminised labour force in fruit and garment GPNs.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the micro-dynamics of relationship formation and development in the university-industry context using a social capital perspective, and explore whether embeddedness in prior established networks influence the formation of collaborative research projects between firms and universities.
Abstract: This paper explores the micro-dynamics of relationship formation and development in the university-industry context using a social capital perspective. The aim is to explore whether embeddedness in prior established networks influence (1) the formation of collaborative research projects between firms and universities, and (2) the participants' perception of the success of the research collaboration. Data from a qualitative study of collaborative R&D projects in two academic fields indicates that collaborative relationships are formed in several distinct ways depending on the availability of pre-existing resources and incentives, and that successful collaborations grow out of prior established ties. These findings are discussed in light of recent policies focusing on strengthening relationships between universities and SMEs. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
113 citations
TL;DR: A sociological alternative to the neoclassical conception of the market has been proposed in this paper, where a sociological foundation is laid for the core of economic theory, the concept of market.
Abstract: Karl Polanyi remains one of the most trenchant critics of neoclassical economics. His "embeddedness" thesis, which holds that all economic activities and institutions are enmeshed in social relations and institutions, offers a sound theoretical basis for economic sociology. None- theless, he fails to embed the market concept. This theoretical lacuna man- ifests itself in his classic account of the rise of market society in England, The Great Transformation ((19441 1957), where he neglects to consider institutional diversity and discontinuities in English commercial develop- ment. Polanyi's embeddedness thesis can be taken to its logical conclusion; that is, even the market can be embedded. "Markets" can be treated as social networks or organizations constituted by traders. I offer as an empiri- cal illustration a brief case study of the rise of "market society" in England. Karl Polanyi remains one of the most cogent critics of neoclassical economics.1 He emphasizes the embeddedness of economic activities and institutions and the historical relativity of economic concepts. Nonetheless, he leaves the core concept of the market unchallenged. Despite his embeddedness thesis, market exchange remains a disembedded concept. In this paper, I propose that his argument should be taken to its logical conclusion-that all economic activities and institutions are embedded in social relations. A sociological foundation should be laid for the core of economic theory, the concept of the market. The project is to analyze the nature of markets, hitherto an unquestioned assump- tion, as historically variable social organizations constituted by traders. Thus, my critical examination of Polanyi's economic sociology serves as a step toward constructing a sociological alternative to the neoclassical conception of the mar- ket. The organization of this essay is as follows. First, I delineate the main contours of Polanyi's economic sociology. I stress that he accepts the neoclassical concept of the market and thereby cedes the analysis of contemporary "market" econo-
113 citations
14 May 2004
TL;DR: The extent to which universities and their internationalisation activities have truly changed due to processes of globalisation and regionalisation is a core question that will be addressed by looking at the ways in which universities cooperate across borders as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The extent to which universities and their internationalisation activities have truly changed due to processes of globalisation and regionalisation is a core question that will be addressed by looking at the ways in which universities cooperate across borders. Contemporary international collaborative activities can be assumed to reach deeper at the hart of the university than earlier, more marginal activities. Consequently, these activities present more challenges to existing structures and routines. In this way, the study of international arrangements among universities can be considered a microcosm for studying the impact of globalisation and regionalisation on universities.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue for a more nuanced understanding of money that is attuned to its spatial and scalar dimensions, including the trust that is invested in money forms and institutions that help to knit together the networks through which money circulates.
Abstract: This paper engages with a wide range of social theories to argue for a more nuanced understanding of money that is attuned to its spatial and scalar dimensions. The paper begins with a brief overview of modernist and postmodernist accounts, including the works of Karl Marx, Georg Simmel, Max Weber, Jean Baudrillard, Marc Shell and Jean-Joseph Goux. These theories have provided a useful corrective to neoclassical economic accounts that distil the economic from society and culture, but they reinforce an understanding of money that is homogenizing, in that it is said to annihilate space by time. By contrast, network theories of money, which are reviewed in the following section of this paper, offer a more contextualized understanding of money's embeddedness in social relations, in particular vis-a-vis the trust that is invested in money forms and institutions that help to knit together the networks through which money circulates. The spatial dynamics of monetary circulation are intrinsic to this model, but t...
112 citations