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Embedment

About: Embedment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2441 publications have been published within this topic receiving 31444 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, the vertical pullout capacity of horizontal plate anchors buried in sand has been determined by using the lower bound theorem of the limit analysis in combination with finite elements and linear optimisation.
Abstract: In the presence of pseudo-static horizontal earthquake body forces and horizontal seepage forces, the vertical pullout capacity of horizontal plate anchors buried in sand has been determined by using the lower bound theorem of the limit analysis in combination with finite elements and linear optimisation. The variations of the pullout factor (a) Fγ with, and (b) the factor Fq with αh, have been established for different embedment ratio of the anchor plate and the friction angle of sand. It is noted that the pullout capacity decreases continuously with increases in the values of αh and . The pullout capacity becomes continuously higher for greater values of the embedment ratio and interface friction angle. The failure patterns have been found to become unsymmetrical in the presence of horizontal body forces.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the uplift capacity of plates embedded in sand and in fiber-reinforced sand layers at distinct embedment depths, when subjected to vertical pullout tests, is discussed.
Abstract: The kinematics of failure and the uplift response of plates embedded in sand and in fiber-reinforced sand layers at distinct embedment depths, when subjected to vertical pullout tests, are the main topics discussed in the present technical note. The uplift capacity of plates in sand backfill layers is increased by the insertion of 0.5% fibers in the backfilled material. The enhancement of the uplift capacity increases from about 70% for embedment depth/plate diameter ratio (H/D) equal to 1.0 to about 30% for H/D equal to 2.0, when compared with sand backfill at the same embedment. Distinct failure patterns were observed for plates embedded in sand and in fiber-reinforced sand backfills: intense radial cracking was observed for sand backfill, but only a few concentric fissures were seen for fiber-reinforced backfill, the former starting at tiny displacements and the latter appearing at large displacements. The fiber-reinforced sand layers demonstrated the ability to continue to increase strength ...

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the undrained bearing capacity of rectangular and square shallow foundations under eccentric horizontal loads through comparisons of various limit-equilibrium and plastic-limit analysis solutions to three-dimensional finite-element (FE) solutions is investigated.
Abstract: Although the behavior of shallow foundations under vertical load combinations has been the subject of numerous studies, the response of shallow foundations subjected to combined horizontal and torsional loading has received considerably less attention. New offshore applications of shallow foundations for liquid natural gas facilities and other subsea structures have underscored the importance of the behavior of shallow embedded foundations subjected to combined in-plane translation and torsion. This study investigates the undrained bearing capacity of rectangular and square shallow foundations under eccentric horizontal loads through comparisons of various limit-equilibrium and plastic-limit analysis solutions to three-dimensional finite-element (FE) solutions. In general, the plastic-limit approach considered in this paper agrees well with the FE solutions, although it has some tendency to overpredict capacity at greater embedment depths. The studies revealed a general insensitivity in the shape of the yield envelope to variations in embedment depth, which permits a simplified analysis suitable for first-order estimates of load capacity. The variables considered in this study include footing aspect ratio, embedment depth, and load direction in addition to eccentricity.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is investigated that k-times data embedment into n/k errors of PEH produces higher embedding payload, while maintaining better stego-image quality compared to those for embedding into n distinct errors for a single time only.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) was applied for the first time in three different experimental studies in the field of structural timber engineering: (1) dowel embedment testing in cross laminated timber (CLT), (2) large-scale dowelled CLT connection testing, (3) material testing of small clear wood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) is a quantitative field measuring technique originally developed to track and measure the velocity of individual particles in fluid flows. In this study, PTV was applied for the first time in three different experimental studies in the field of structural timber engineering: (1) dowel embedment testing in cross laminated timber (CLT), (2) large-scale dowelled CLT connection testing, (3) material testing of small clear wood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL). The suitability of PTV was first assessed by comparing the PTV displacements to those obtained by potentiometers. Furthermore, the behaviour of the timber substrate was analysed with PTV in both embedment and large-scale connection tests. It was found that PTV was able to not only accurately measure dowel displacements, but also capture crack growth in the timber and compute the resulting displacement and strain fields in the dowel embedment area. Lastly, PTV was applied to small clear specimen testing to capture brittle fracture in shear, tension perpendicular to the grain, and in cleavage. This study demonstrated that PTV is able to provide reliable contact-free high-resolution measurements of displacement and strain fields on exposed timber surfaces and capture failure mechanisms such as brittle fractures and crack growth.

12 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023202
2022355
2021160
2020120
2019125
2018139