scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Embedment

About: Embedment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2441 publications have been published within this topic receiving 31444 citations.


Papers
More filters
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: The average maximum bond strength of the fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars varied from 5.1 to 12.3 MPa depending on the diameter and the embedment length as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Bond strength of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars was experimentally investigated in this study, and compared to the bond strength of steel rebars. A total of sixty four reinforced concrete beams were tested. Four nominal diameters of FRP and steel rebars, namely 12.7, 15.9, 19.1 and 25.4 mm and three embedment lengths, 6, 10 and 16 times the rebar diameter were used. The beams were reinforced with two types of FRP rebars made of glass fibres and polyester binder. Three concrete depths of 200, 600 and 1000 mm were investigated in the eighteen pull-out specimens. Results of the tests indicated that the applied tensile load approached the tensile strength of rebars as the embedment length increased. The average maximum bond strength of the FRP rebars varied from 5.1 to 12.3 MPa depending on the diameter and the embedment length. The GFRP rebars showed lower bond strength value compared to steel rebar. A modification factor of 1.29 is recommended for computing the development length, to account for the top bar effect.

28 citations

31 Dec 2013
TL;DR: In this article, a 3D material model for wood based on the concepts of continuum damage mechanics was developed and a material subroutine containing the developed model was implemented into a standard FE framework.
Abstract: Wood is highly anisotropic and shows ductile behaviour in compression and brittle behaviour in tension and shear where both failure modes can occur simultaneously. A 3D material model for wood based on the concepts of continuum damage mechanics was developed. A material subroutine containing the developed model was implemented into a standard FE framework. Eight stress-based failure criteria were derived in order to formulate piecewise defined failure surfaces. The damage development of wood was controlled by nine damage variables. Embedment tests using three different wood species (spruce, beech, azobe) were carried out whose results were compared to modelling outcomes. The failure modes could be identified and the general shape of the load-displacement curves agreed with the experimental outcomes up to a numerical limit.

27 citations

Journal Article
Lars Jarfall1
TL;DR: In this paper, the state-of-the-art in procedures for designing and optimizing bolted or riveted joints is reviewed. Methods and data desired for the design procedure are defined and compared with what is available today.
Abstract: The paper is an attempt to review the state of the art in procedures for designing and optimizing bolted or riveted joints. Methods and data desired for the design procedure are defined and compared with what is available today. Following major steps in the design procedure may be identified: Calculation of the force distribution in the joint, which requires methods and data to account for fastener flexibility, excentricities and bending support from surrounding structure. Calculation of the fatigue quality or the fatigue life, which requires that the influence from bypass stress, load transfer and secondary bending on the fatigue performance must be known for various combinations of material qualities (of the joined members), hole qualities and fastener types. Particular attention is paid to experimental techniques and specimen types for determination of fastener flexibility and fatigue data. Some recent findings about the interplay between friction and bearing during fatigue cycling of bolted joints are reviewed. The static design of joints with shear loaded fasteners is treated very briefly.

27 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, experimental investigations on the behavior of single, double and triple helical screw anchors under the influence of vertical compressive loads are presented, and simple equations are proposed correlating load and deformation.
Abstract: In this paper experimental investigations on the behaviour of single, double and triple helical screw anchors under the influence of vertical compressive loads are presented. The testing program was conducted on one, two, three and four numbers of model anchors in sand for different depths of embedment keeping shallow and deep mode of behaviour in mind. The experimental setup was instrumented to measure the compressive load and the downward displacement of the anchor. It was observed that the compressive load varied significantly with the installation depth of the anchor and the number of anchors. Based on experimental results, non-dimensional graphs were plotted normalizing the deformation and load axis both and simple equations are proposed correlating load and deformation. Ultimate compressive capacity of multiple anchors was plotted against that of single anchor and simple equations were proposed correlating them. Using these equations an anchor foundation for a particular structure can be easily designed. A 3-D finite element model, PLAXIS, was used to confirm the results obtained from laboratory tests and the agreement is excellent.

27 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a short encapsulation pull test (LSEPT) facility was developed to simulate the interaction between cable bolts and surrounding rock mass, using artificial rock cylinders with a diameter of 300mm in which the cable bolt is grouted.
Abstract: Modified cable bolts are commonly used in underground mines due to their superior performance in preventing bed separation when compared with plain strands. To better test the axial performance of a wide range of cable bolts, a new laboratory short encapsulation pull test (LSEPT) facility was developed. The facility simulates the interaction between cable bolts and surrounding rock mass, using artificial rock cylinders with a diameter of 300 mm in which the cable bolt is grouted. Furthermore, the joint where the load is applied is left unconstrained to allow shear slippage at the cable/grout or grout/rock interface. Based on this apparatus, a series of pull tests were undertaken using the MW9 modified bulb cable bolt. Various parameters including embedment length, test material strength and borehole size were evaluated. It was found that within a limited range of 360 mm, there is a linear relationship between the maximum bearing capacity of the cable bolt and embedment length. Beyond 360 mm, the peak capacity continues to rise but with a much lower slope. When the MW9 cable bolt was grouted in a weak test material, failure always took place along the grout/rock interface. Interestingly, increasing the borehole diameter from 42 to 52 m in weak test material altered the failure mode from grout/rock interface to cable/grout interface and improved the performance in terms of both peak and residual capacity.

27 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Compressive strength
64.4K papers, 1M citations
82% related
Finite element method
178.6K papers, 3M citations
81% related
Fracture mechanics
58.3K papers, 1.3M citations
80% related
Shear stress
35.9K papers, 906.8K citations
78% related
Stress (mechanics)
69.5K papers, 1.1M citations
78% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023202
2022355
2021160
2020120
2019125
2018139