Embedment

About: Embedment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2441 publications have been published within this topic receiving 31444 citations.

Shear Behavior of Headed Anchors with Large Diameters and Deep Embedments

Abstract: This paper presents shear test results for large cast-in-place anchor bolts in concrete. The tests were performed to evaluate the shear performance of large anchors, that is, anchors with a diameter greater than 2 in. (50.8 mm) or an embedment depth greater than 25 in. (635.0 mm), which are not addressed by ACI 318-08, Appendix D and ACI 349-06, Appendix D. The tests were also intended to investigate the safety of such anchors for use in nuclear power plants, and the effects of regular (conventional) and special reinforcement on the shear strength of such anchors. The test results are used to assess the applicability of existing design formulas valid for smaller anchors to large anchors. Suggestions are made for incorporating the effects of deep embedment or large diameter in existing design provisions for cast-in-place anchor bolts under shear load.

Effect of Fracturing Fluid/Shale Rock Interaction on the Rock Physical and Mechanical Properties, the Proppant Embedment Depth and the Fracture Conductivity

Abstract: An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of fracturing fluid/shale rock interaction on the rock physical and mechanical properties, the proppant embedment depth, and the fracture conductivity. The rich organic shale samples obtained from the Longmaxi (LMX) and Wufeng (WF) shale gas reservoirs, both located in Southern Sichuan Basin in China, were used for the experiments. The degree of proppant embedment upon rock/fluid interaction and resultant conductivity loss was directly measured in both types of rocks. Results show that the degree of alteration of the rock mechanical properties upon rock/fluid interaction depends on the mineral composition and the cementation of the shale matrix. The rock matrix cemented by clay minerals (e.g., LMX shale) was softer and more susceptible to alteration upon the rock/fluid interaction than that of the rock matrix cemented mostly by calcareous materials (e.g., WF shale). The conductivity tests carried out under 60 MPa closure stress have shown that the proppant embedment caused 47.55% reduction in the fracture conductivity of LMX shale samples with 34% clay content. While the fracture conductivity reduction due to proppant embedment was 25.94% in WF shale samples with 7% clay content. Based on the experimental results, it was concluded that upon rock/fluid interaction more significant reduction is expected in the rock physical and mechanical properties of the shale rocks with richer clay contents resulting greater proppant embedment depth and the higher fracture conductivity loss.