Embedment

About: Embedment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2441 publications have been published within this topic receiving 31444 citations.

Mechanisms of pipe embedment and lateral breakout on soft clay

Abstract: Pipelines laid on the seabed expand and contract during operating cycles as a result of thermal loading, which can lead to lateral buckling. Analysis of this behaviour requires assessment of the ve...

Bond strength at high temperatures

Abstract: Synopsis This paper deals with the bond strength of steel and concrete at high temperatures because, although bond strength is of major importance in the determination of the behaviour of concrete structures in fire, there is no detailed information available on this problem. For this reason a test apparatus was developed which enabled pull-out experiments to be carried out on cylindrical concrete specimens with short embedment lengths. During the tests the slip at the non-loaded end of the concrete specimen and the pull-out force were reassured. In the temperature range 20 to 800°C the pull-out system enabled two different types of experiment to be carried out: force–slip measurements at thermal steady state and at non-steady state conditions. In these experiments normal-weight concrete made with Portland cement and siliceous aggregate and three different types of reinforcing steel (ribbed steel bars, plain round bars and deformed prestressing bars) were used. Differences between the results for the diff...

Failure behavior of riprap layer at bridge piers under live-bed conditions

Abstract: Experiments conducted under live-bed conditions show that a riprap layer at a cylindrical bridge pier will fail in either one of the following two modes: Total disintegration or embedment. The former refers to the break-up of the entire riprap layer where the stones are washed away by the flow field generated at the pier. The latter relates to the embedment of the riprap layer where it is buried in the sediment bed. The study proposes a criterion to demarcate the limiting condition between the two types of failure. It also identifies that embedment failure is a more common failure mode of riprap layer under live-bed conditions. The causes of embedment failure are twofold: (1) bed feature destabilization; and (2) differential mobility. Bed level fluctuations caused by the propagating bed features resulted in bed feature destabilization, whereas differential mobility is due to the different response of the riprap stones and bed sediments to the flow field. Experimental results also show that the riprap layer can degrade to an equilibrium level for a given flow condition. Finally, the study proposes a semiempirical equation to compute the maximum depth of riprap degradation, which occurs at the upper end of dune regime.

Effect of soil on structural response to wind and earthquake

Abstract: An approximate analytical approach is presented which makes it possible to consider soil properties and footing embedment in the analysis of the response of structures to external excitation such as wind and earthquake. The approach is based on modal analysis and the definition of stiffness and damping due to soil pertinent to each vibration mode. The approach also facilitates the analysis of coupled motions of a footing alone. The analysis of a tall chimney for the effects of gusting wind, vortex shedding and earthquake is used as an example.