Showing papers on "Empire published in 1998"

Imposing Wilderness: Struggles over Livelihood and Nature Preservation in Africa

Abstract: Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Landscapes of Nature, Terrains of Resistance 2. Political and Moral Economy on Mount Meru 3. Conservation versus Custom: State Seizure of Natural Resource Control 4. Protecting Fauna of the Empire: TheEvolution of National Parks in Tanzania 5. Patterns of Predation at Arusha National Park 6. Village Moral Economy and the New Colonialism Epilogue

Empire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India, 1780–1870 . By C. A. Bayly. Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. xiv, 412 pp. $64.95(cloth).

Abstract: List of maps Preface Glossary List of abbreviations Introduction 1. Prologue: surveillance and communication in early modern India 2. Political intelligence and indigenous informants during the conquest of India, c. 1785-1815 3. Misinformation and failure on the fringes of empire 4. Between human intelligence and colonial knowledge 5. The Indian ecumene: an indigenous public sphere 6. Useful knowledge and godly society, c. 1830-50 7. Colonial controversies: astronomers and physicians 8. Colonial controversies: language and land 9. The information order, the Rebellion of 1857-9 and pacification 10. Epilogue: information, surveillance and the public arena after the Rebellion Conclusion: 'knowing the country' Bibliography Index.

Border Identities: Nation and State at International Frontiers

Abstract: 1 Nation, state and identity at international borders 2 State formation and national identity in the Catalan borderland during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries 3 A western perspective on an eastern intepretation of where north meets south: Pyrenean borderland cultures 4 The 'new immigration' and the transformation of the European/Africa frontier 5 Transnationalism in California and Mexico at the end of empire 6 National identity on the frontier: Palestinians in the Israeli educational system 7 'Grenzregime': the Wall and its aftermath 8 Transcending the state? Gender and borderline constructions of citizenship in Zimbabwe 9 Borders, boundaries, tradition and state on the Malaysian periphery 10 Markets, morality and modernity in north-east Turkey 11 Imagining 'the south': hybridity, heterotropies and Arabesk on the Turkish Syrian border

Picturing Empire: Photography and the Visualization of the British Empire

Abstract: While the cultural history of the British Empire has recently attracted much interest, relatively little attention has been paid to the significance of its visualization. Yet the Empire was pictured across a wide spectrum of imagery, from paintings to postcards, maps to documents. Focusing on the role of photography, this wide-ranging book explores the aesthetics of empire. The development of photography in the Victorian era coincided with the dramatic expansion of the British Empire. Photography assisted in the exploration, surveying and mapping of territory and the representation of imperial landscapes. To audiences hungry for glimpses of a rapidly expanding world, photographs seemed to capture distant realities, rendering them accessible. And while administrators and anthropologists used photography to picture 'racial types', soldiers and hunters armed themselves with cameras in order to capture photographic 'trophies' of natives and animals. Drawing on a broad range of visual imagery, including many previously unpublished photographs, James Ryan shows how photographic practices and aesthetics can express and articulate the ideologies of imperialism.

Hellenism and Empire: Language, Classicism, and Power in the Greek World, A. D. 50-250

Abstract: Hellenism and Empire explores identity, politics, and culture in the Greek world of the first three centuries AD, the period known as the second sophistic. The sources of this identity were the words and deeds of classical Greece, and the emphasis placed on Greekness and Greek heritage was far greater now than at any other time. Yet this period is often seen as a time of happy consensualism between the Greek and Roman halves of the Roman Empire. The first part of the book shows that Greek identity came before any loyalty to Rome (and was indeed partly a reaction to Rome), while the views of the major authors of the period, which are studies in the second part, confirm and restate the prior claims of Hellenism.

Japan's Total Empire: Manchuria and the Culture of Wartime Imperialism

Abstract: In this first social and cultural history of Japan's construction of Manchuria, Louise Young offers an incisive examination of the nature of Japanese imperialism. Focusing on the domestic impact of Japan's activities in Northeast China between 1931 and 1945, Young considers "metropolitan effects" of empire building: how people at home imagined and experienced the empire they called Manchukuo. Contrary to the conventional assumption that a few army officers and bureaucrats were responsible for Japan's overseas expansion, Young finds that a variety of organizations helped to mobilize popular support for Manchukuo--the mass media, the academy, chambers of commerce, women's organizations, youth groups, and agricultural cooperatives--leading to broad-based support among diverse groups of Japanese. As the empire was being built in China, Young shows, an imagined Manchukuo was emerging at home, constructed of visions of a defensive lifeline, a developing economy, and a settler's paradise.

The city in literature : an intellectual and cultural history

Abstract: This sweeping literary encounter with the Western idea of the city moves from the early novel in England to the apocalyptic cityscapes of Thomas Pynchon. Along the way, Richard Lehan gathers a rich entourage that includes Daniel Defoe, Charles Dickens, Emile Zola, Bram Stoker, Rider Haggard, Joseph Conrad, James Joyce, Theodore Dreiser, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Raymond Chandler. The European city is read against the decline of feudalism and the rise of empire and totalitarianism; the American city against the phenomenon of the wilderness, the frontier, and the rise of the megalopolis and the decentered, discontinuous city that followed. Throughout this book, Lehan pursues a dialectic of order and disorder, of cities seeking to impose their presence on the surrounding chaos. Rooted in Enlightenment yearnings for reason, his journey goes from east to west, from Europe to America. In the United States, the movement is also westward and terminates in Los Angeles, a kind of land's end of the imagination, in Lehan's words. He charts a narrative continuum full of constructs that 'represent' a cycle of hope and despair, of historical optimism and pessimism. Lehan presents sharply etched portrayals of the correlation between rationalism and capitalism; of the rise of the city, the decline of the landed estate, and the formation of the gothic; and of the emergence of the city and the appearance of other genres such as detective narrative and fantasy literature. He also mines disciplines such as urban studies, architecture, economics, and philosophy, uncovering material that makes his study a lively read not only for those interested in literature, but for anyone intrigued by the meanings and mysteries of urban life.

Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness

Abstract: PALESTINE AND PALESTINIANS Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness, by Rashid Khalidi. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997. xvi + 209 pages. Notes to p. 265. Bibl. to p. 285. Index to p. 309. $29.50. Reviewed by Niall O Murchu This book argues, using original research and secondary sources, that a Palestinian national identity developed prior to the British mandate. It also asserts that the origins of that identity are not reducible to the conflict with Zionism as recent works may suggest.' As outlined below, the principal thesis is sustained well, but requires more attention to the history of Ottoman state building. Data presented from the Arabic press, however, only emphasize the centrality of Zionism to the Palestinian narrative. The context for the initial development of modem notions of citizenship and national identity is a profound shift in the career paths of the Jerusalem elite occasioned by the Tanzimat, the Ottoman reforms of the mid-19th century. Those families which traditionally relied on their knowledge of Islamic law and reputation as judges found their monopoly on legal services threatened by the expansion of a more centrally controlled legal system. The Tanzimat was a qualitative shift in the co-optive bargain between Istanbul and the provinces-the success of the notables depended increasingly on positions they attained as Ottoman civil servants. The empire's need for a modern administrative and legal cadre also prompted the expansion of the educational system. In turn, the growth of education and administration helped to create a reading public for the Arabic press which blossomed following the Ottoman Revolution (1908). Such developments provided the foundations for a new conception of identity as nationality. The book's question is: Why did the primary locus of political identity come to be Palestinian, and not Ottoman or Arab? In answering, the author ingeniously traces the careers of two Jerusalem intellectuals whose qualifications took them to the heart of the Ottoman empire. The biographies of Yusuf Diya' al-Khalidi and Ruhi al-Khalidi are developed using materials catalogued during the restoration of the Khalidi Library in Jerusalem. Notably, both men wound up at odds with the Ottoman imperial authorities. Yusuf Diya' was effectively detained in Istanbul by Sultan `Abd al-Hamid II. Ruhi's opposition to Zionism was rebuffed by his colleagues in the Ottoman parliament in Istanbul. …

Modern South Asia History, Culture, Political Economy.

Abstract: List of illustrations. Preface to the Fourth Edition. Preface to the Third Edition. Preface to the Second Edition. Preface to the First Edition. Acknowledgements. 1. South Asian history: an introduction. 2. Modernity and antiquity: interpretations of ancient India 3. Pre-modern accommodations of difference: the making of Indo-Islamic cultures 4. The Mughal empire: state, economy and society 5. India between empires: decline or decentralization? 6. The transition to colonialism: resistance and collaboration 7. The first century of British rule, 1757 to 1857: state and economy 8. Company raj and Indian society, 1757 to 1857: re-invention and reform of tradition 9. 1857: rebellion, collaboration and the transition to crown raj 10. High noon of colonialism, 1858 to 1914: state and political economy 11. A nation in making? 'Rational' reform, 'religious' revival and swadeshi nationalism, 1858 to 1914 12. Colonialism under siege: state and political economy after World War I 13. Gandhian nationalism and mass politics in the 1920s 14. The Depression decade: society, economics and politics 15. Nationalism and colonialism during World War II and its aftermath: economic crisis and political confrontation 16. The partition of India and the creation of Pakistan 17. 1947: memories and meanings 18. Post-colonial South Asia: state and economy, society and politics, 1947 to 1971 19. Post-colonial South Asia: state and economy, society and politics, 1971 to 2017 20. Decolonizing South Asian history: a view from the new millennium Glossary. A chronological outline. Select bibliography and notes. Index.

An Intellectual Biography

Abstract: Malinovskii’s contemporaries knew very little about him Few were aware of his constant and untiring search for ways to implement his projects for social and political reform An examination of the development of Malinovskii’s professional career leaves the impression that he was just one more among the innumerable, zealous bureaucrats in the service of the Russian empire of the late 18th and early 19th centuries: he was transferred from one state office to the next, and although his professional capabilities were appreciated, they did not lead to any significant promotion

The dynamics of “closure” amidst the construction of market, profession, empire and nationhood: An historical analysis of an Australian accounting association, 1886–1903

Abstract: This paper argues that Weber's class-status-party model enables an in-depth understanding of the cross-border professionalization projects of accountants. Analysis of the activities of the Incorporated Institute of Accountants (VIC) from 1886 to 1903 shows that (a) the concept of monopolistic closure is imprecise; and (b) its activities were significantly shaped by multiple and changing divisions within the association, between it and competing colonial and imperial associations, the actions of ‘autonomous’ state agencies and wider political and communal tensions. Specifically, imperial discourses and institutions, which mutated when transplanted from the metropolitan centre to the penal (then productive) periphery, were material.

Urban Rhetoric and Embodied Identities: City, Nation, and Empire at the Vittorio Emanuele II Monument in Rome, 1870–1945

Abstract: This essay examines the monument constructed by the Italian state in the center of Rome to commemorate Vittorio-Emanuele II, first king of united Italy. Opened in 1911 and constructed in the Beaux-Arts architectural style popular at that time as appropriately “imperial” for urban monuments throughout the West, the Vittoriano's symbolism and iconography produce a “memory theater” through which the official rhetoric of a united and imperial Italy was intended to be conveyed to the nation.Yet despite attempts by succeeding governments to promote it as a dignified and sacred center of the city, the nation, and the short-lived Italian empire, the monument has been derided throughout its history. Concentrating on “official culture,” we analyze the form and iconography of the monument, trace the various planning interventions made by both Liberal and Fascist governments between the wars that emphasized the Vittoriano's centrality within urban space and Italian territory, and comment on its use by the Italian dic...

A history of Eastern Europe

Abstract: Preface, Introduction: Crisis and change in East-Central and South-Eastern Europe, Part I. The 'Balkanization' of south-eastern Europe: from ancient times to the First World War, Introduction to Part I: The Process of 'Balkanization', 1. South-Eastern Europe before the Ottomans, 2. The Rise of the Ottoman Empire, 3. The Seeds of Ottoman Decline, 4. The Decay of the Ottoman Empire and the Emergence of Balkan 'National' States, Part II: East-Central Europe prior to the Habsburg ascendancy, Introduction to Part II: The Disputed Roots of East-Central Europe, 5. The Vicissitudes of Poland, 6. The Rise and Decline of the Kingdom of Hungary, 7. The Kingdom of Bohemia and the Hussite Heritage, Part III: East-Central Europe during the Habsburg ascendancy, Introduction to Part III: The Importance of being Austria, 8. The Rise of the Habsburg Empire, 9. An Empire in Crisis: East-Central Europe and the Revolutions of 1848-49, 10. Capitalism and the Seeds of Social Revolution in Austria and Hungary, 12. War, Nationalism and Imperial Disintegration, Part IV: Eastern Europe between the two World Wars, Introduction to Part IV: The New Political Order in Eastern Europe, 13. The Aftermath of the First World War, 14. The 1930s Depression and its Consequences, 15. The Plight of the Peasantry, 16. The Failure of Democracy, 17. The Lure of Fascism, 18. Fascism and the Communists' New Road to Power in Europe, Part V: In the shadow of Yalta: Eastern Europe since the Second World War, Introduction to Part V: The East-West Partition of Europe, 19. The Second World War and the Expansion of Communist Power in East-Central and South-Eastern Europe, 20. National Roads to Socialism, 21. From the Crisis of 1968 to the Revolutions of 1989, 22. Eastern Europe since 1989, 23. The New East European Economies: What is to be done?, 24. Conclusion: A Faltering Return to a Mean-Spirited Europe, Bibliography, Index.

At the Heart of the Empire: Indians and the Colonial Encounter in Late-Victorian Britain

Abstract: Antoinette Burton focuses on the experiences of three Victorian travelers in Britain to illustrate how 'Englishness' was made and remade in relation to imperialism. The accounts left by these three sojourners - all prominent, educated Indians - represent complex, critical ethnographies of 'native' metropolitan society and offer revealing glimpses of what it was like to be a colonial subject in fin-de-siecle Britain. Burton's innovative interpretation of the travelers' testimonies shatters the myth of Britain's insularity from its own construction of empire and shows that it was instead a terrain open to continual contest and refiguration. Burton's three subjects felt the influence of imperial power keenly during even the most everyday encounters in Britain. Pandita Ramabai arrived in London in 1883 seeking a medical education and left in 1886, having resisted the Anglican Church's attempts to make her an evangelical missionary. Cornelia Sorabji went to Oxford to study law and became the first Indian woman to be called to the Bar. Behramji Malabari sought help for his Indian reform projects in England, and subjected London to colonial scrutiny in the process. Their experiences form the basis of this wide-ranging, clearly written, and imaginative investigation of diasporic movement in the colonial metropolis.

FIFA and the Contest for World Football: Who Rules the Peoples' Game?

Abstract: Preface. 1. Introduction: FIFA and the contest for world football - an interpretive and conceptual framework. Part 1. FIFA and its Expanding Football Family: Background and Context. . 2. FIFA, Europe and South America: foundations and contradictions in the football family. 3. FIFA: an organizational and institutional analysis. 4. FIFA and its partners: media and markets. 5. FIFA's World Cup Finals: getting the event. Part 2. FIFA and the Collapse of Empire. 6. FIFA and Africa. 7. FIFA and Asia. 8. FIFA and the former Soviet Union. 9. FIFA's final frontier - USA '94. 10. Conclusion: who rules the peoples' game?. Afterword: FIFA and the Future of World Football. Appendix: VISION for the Future Governance of Football. Notes. Bibliography. Glossary. Index.

Romantic Imperialism: Universal Empire and the Culture of Modernity

Abstract: The years between 1790 and 1830 saw over a hundred and fifty million people brought under British imperial control, and one of the most momentous outbursts of British literary and artistic production, announcing a new world of social and individual traumas and possibilities. This book traces the emergence of new forms of imperialism and capitalism as part of a culture of modernisation in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, and looks at the ways in which they were identified with and contested in Romanticism. Saree Makdisi argues that this process has to be understood in global terms, beyond the British and European viewpoint, and that developments in India, Africa, and the Arab world (up to and including our own time) enable us to understand more fully the texts and contexts of British Romanticism. New and original readings of texts by Wordsworth, Blake, Byron, Shelley, and Scott emerge in the course of this searching analysis of the cultural process of globalisation.Choice Outstanding Academic Book of 1998.

Investment, Profit and Tenancy: The Jurists and the Roman Agrarian Economy

Abstract: The economy of the Roman Empire was dominated by the business of agriculture. It employed the vast majority of the Empire's labor force and provided the wealth on which the upper classes depended for their social privileges. Consequently, the way in which upper-class Romans maintained and profited from their agricultural investments played a crucial role in shaping the basic relationships characterizing the Roman economy.In "Investment, Profit, and Tenancy" Dennis P. Kehoe defines the economic mentality of upper-class Romans by analyzing the assumptions that Roman jurists in the "Digest" of Justinian made about investment and profit in agriculture as they addressed legal issues involving private property. In particular the author analyzes the duties of guardians in managing the property of their wards, and the bequeathing of agricultural property. He bases his analysis on Roman legal sources, which offer a comprehensive picture of the economic interests of upper-class Romans. Farm tenancy was crucial to these interests, and Kehoe carefully examines how Roman landowners contended with the legal, social, and economic institutions surrounding farm tenancy as they pursued security from their agricultural investments.Kehoe argues that Roman jurists offer a consistent picture of agriculture as a form of investment that was grounded in upper-class conceptions of the Roman economy. In the eyes of the jurists, agriculture represented the only form of investment capable of providing upper-class Romans with economic security, and this situation had important implications for the relationship between landowners and tenants. Landowners who sought economic stability from their agricultural holdings preferred to simplify the task of managing their estates by delegating the work and costs to their tenants. This tended to make landowners depend on the expertise and resources of tenants, which in turn gave the tenants significant bargaining power. This dynamic relationship is traced in the jurists' regulation of farm tenancy, as the jurists adapted Roman law to the economic realities of the Roman empire."Investment, Profit, and Tenancy" will be of interest to classicists as well as to scholars of preindustrial comparative economics.Dennis P. Kehoe is Professor of Classical Studies, Tulane University.

The origins of empire : British overseas enterprise to the close of the seventeenth century

Abstract: 1. The Origins of Empire: An Introduction 2. The Struggle for Legitimacy and the Image of Empire in the Atlantic to c.1700 3. War, Politics, and Colonization 1558-1625 4. Guns and Sails in the First Phase of English Colonization 1500-1650 5. 'Civilizing of those Rude Partes': Colonization within Britain and Ireland 1580s-1640s 6. England's New Word and the Old 1480s-1630s 7. Tobacco Colonies: The Shaping of English Society in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake 8. New England in the Seventeenth Century 9. The Hub of Empire: The Caribbean and Britain in the Seventeenth Century 10. The English in Western Africa to 1700 11. The English in Asia to 1700 12. Literature and Empire 13. The English Government, War, Trade, and Settlement 1625-1688 14. New Opportunities for British Settlement: Ireland 1650-1700 15. Native Americans and Europeans in English America 1500-1700 16. The Middle Colonies: New Opportunities for Settlement 1660-1700 17. 'Shaftesbury's Darling': British Settlement in the Carolinas at the Close of the Seventeenth Century 18. Overseas Expansion and Trade in the Seventeenth Century 19. The Emerging Emprire: The Continental Perspective 1650-1715 20. The Glorious Revolution and America 21. Navy, State, Trade, and Empire

Romanticism and colonialism : writing and empire, 1780-1830

Abstract: 1. Romanticism and colonialism: texts, contexts, issues Tim Fulford and Peter J. Kitson 2. Romanticism and colonialism: races, places, peoples, 1785-1800 Peter J. Kitson 3. Romanticism and colonialism: races, places, peoples, 1800-1830 Tim Fulford 4. Accessing India: orientalism, anti-'Indianism', and the rhetoric of Jones and Burke Michael J. Franklin 5. 'Sunshine and Shady Groves': what Blake's 'Little Black Boy' learned from African writers Lauren Henry 6. Blood sugar Timothy Morton 7. 'Wisely Forgetful': Coleridge and the politics of pantisocracy James C. McKusick 8. Darkness visible?: race and representation in Bristol abolitionist poetry, 1770-1810 Alan Richardson 9. Fictional constructions of liberated Africans Moira Ferguson 10. 'Wandering through Eblis': absorption and containment in Romantic exoticism Nigel Leask 11. The Isle of Devils: the Jamaican journal of M. G. Lewis D. L. Macdonald 12. Indian jugglers: Hazlitt, Romantic orientalism, and the difference of view John Whale 13. 'Some samples of the finest orientalism': Byronic philhellenism and proto-Zionism at the time of the congress of Vienna Caroline Franklin 14. 'Once did she hold the gorgeous East in fee ...': Byron's Venice and oriental empire Malcolm Kelsall 15. The plague of imperial desire: Montesquieu, Gibbon, Brougham, and Mary Shelley's The Last Man Joseph W. Lew.

Universities and empire : money and politics in the social sciences during the cold war

Abstract: An exploration of the connections between academic research and official public policy during the Cold War, this text considers the effects of US military, intelligence and propaganda agencies on academic culture and intellectual life The essays presented examine the origins of new subjects of research such as Asian studies and development studies; mine the secret history of Cold War initiatives such as Project Troy and Project Camelot; and discuss the legacy of corporate involvement in the university system

The logistics of the Roman army at war (264 B.C.-A.D. 235)

Abstract: Relying on a variety of literary, documentary and archaeological sources, this work explores the Roman military supply system from the Punic Wars to the end of the Principate. Each chapter is devoted to a different aspect of logistics: supply needs and rations; packs, trains and military servants; foraging and requisition; supply lines; sources of supply; administration; and the impact of logistics on Roman warfare. As a whole the book traces the development of the Roman logistics into a highly sophisticated supply system - a vital element in the success of Roman arms. In addition, it makes a critical study of important technical questions of Roman logistics, such as the size of the soldier's grain ration, the function of military servants, and the changes in logistical management under the Republic and Empire.

Visions of empire : voyages, botany, and representations of nature

Abstract: 1. Introduction David Philip Miller Part I. The Banksian Empire: 2. Joseph Banks, empire, and 'centers of calculation' in late Hanoverian London David Philip Miller 3. Agents of empire: the Banksian collectors and evaluation of new lands David Mackay 4. The antipodean exchange: European horticulture and imperial designs Alan Frost 5. Disciplining disease: scurvy, the navy, and imperial expansion, 1750-1825 Christopher Lawrence 6. The ordering of nature and the ordering of empire: a commentary John Gascoigne Part II. The Uses of Botany: 7. Purposes of Linnaean travel: a preliminary research report Lisbet Koerner 8. Botany in the boudoir and garden: the Banksian context Janet Browne 9. 'On the banks of the South Sea': botany and the sexual controversy in the late eighteenth century Alan Bewell Part III. Representations of Living Nature and their Uses: 10. 'Implanted in our natures': humans, plants, and the stories of art Martin Kemp 11. Images of ambiguity: eighteenth-century microscopy and the neither/nor Barbara M. Stafford 12. Global physics and aesthetic empire: Humboldt's physical portrait of the tropics Michael Dettelbach 13. Seeing and understanding: a commentary Peter Hanns Reill Part IV. The Indigenous Environment: Anthropological Perspectives: 14. The scientific endeavor and the natives Ingjerd Hoem 15. Mediated encounters with Pacific cultures: three Samoan dinners Alessandro Duranti 16. Visions of empire: afterword Simon Schaffer.

Pluralism and the politics of difference: State, Culture, and Ethnicity in Comparative Perspective

Abstract: 1. Plural Societies 2. Pluralism and the Patrimonial State: Pre-Colonial Africa 3. Pragmatism against Morality: Ethnicity in the Aztec Empire 4. Pluralism in a Patrimonial Bureaucracy: The Ottoman Empire 5. Ethnic and Cultural Pluralism in the Colonial Social Order 6. The Jacobin Project: The Nation-State and the Enemy Within 7. 'Nation of many nations?' The United States and Immigration, 1880-1930 8. A 'magpie society'? From 'Assimilation' to 'Integration' in Britain and France 9. Multiculturalism and Beyond 10. Pluralism and the Postmodern Condition

The Problem of the “Early Modern” World

Abstract: Was there an "early modern" world? From a glance at book titles, one would think there is a well-defined period in global history that cuts across nations and is recognized as "early modern." According to literally hundreds of volumes covering Europe, North Africa, the Ottoman Empire, China, India, Japan, and the New World,') these societies either had their own "early modern" periods, or were part of an "early modern" world. Moreover, a number of major universities have established centers or programs for the study of "Early Modern History." However, I would now argue that we (for I include the title of one of my own books) have fallen into a terrible error when we use the term "early modern." In a word, the "early modern" world wasn't. That is, it was not in any way "modern," and certainly not an "early" form of modernity. Somewhat as the Holy Roman Empire, in a famous aphorism, was neither Holy, Roman, nor an Empire, so I would now say a rigorous review of evidence would show that the "early modern" world was neither "early," nor "modern," although it was arguably, in its trade relations, a single "world."

Colonialism and the Object: Empire, Material Culture and the Museum

Abstract: 1. Introduction Part 1: 2. The South Kensington Museum and the Colonial Project 3. Chinese Material Culture and British Perceptions of China in the Mid-Nineteenth Century 4. China in Britain: The Imperial Collections 5. Colonial Architecture, International Exhibitions and Official Patronage of the Indian Artisan: The Case of a Gateway from Gwalior in the Victoria and Albert Museum 6. Stylistic Hybridity and Colonial Art and Design Education: A Wooden Carved Screen by Ram Singh 7. Race, Authenticity and Colonialism: A 'Mustice' Silversmith in Philadelphia and St. Croix, 1783-1850 8. Domesticating Uzbeks: Central Asians in Soviet Decorative Arts of the Twenties and Thirties 9. Keys to the Magic Kingdom: The Gallery of Transcultural Arts in Bradford Part 2: 10. Perspectives on Hinemihi - A Maori Meeting House 11. Maori Vision and the Imperialist Gaze 12. Gathering Souls and Objects: Missionary Collections 13. Photography at the Heart of Darkness: Herbert Lang's Congo Photographs (1909-15) 14. Taming the Tusk: Belgian Decorative Arts and the Promotion of Ivory as a Colonial Commodity at the 1897 Brussels International Exhibition Bibliography Index