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Showing papers on "Empowerment published in 2015"


BookDOI
22 Dec 2015
TL;DR: Garcia et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a curriculum for empowerment, action, and change in multicultural education, focusing on race, disability, giftedness, and school reform.
Abstract: All chapters conclude with "References." PART I.DIMENSIONS, HISTORY, AND GOALS. 1. The Dimensions of Multicultural Education. 2. Multicultural Education and Global Citizenship. 3. Multicultural Education: History, Development , Goals and Approaches. PART II. CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES. 4. Culture, Ethnicity, and Education. 5. Race, Diversity, and Educational Paradigms. 6. Pluralism, Ideology, and Educational Reform. 7. The Stages of Cultural Identity: Implications for Curriculum Reform. PART III. KNOWEDGE CONSTRUCTION AND SCHOOL REFORM. 8. Race, Disability, Giftedness, and School Reform. 9. The Lives and Values of Transformative Scholars and Citizenship Education. PART IV. CURRICULUM AND TEACHING STRATEGIES FOR DECISION-MAKING AND ACTION. 10. A Curriculum for Empowerment, Action, and Change. 11. Teaching Decision-Making and Social Action Skills for Social Change. PART V. GENDER, LANGUAGE, INTERGROUP RELATIONS, AND GUIDELINES. 12. Gender and Educational Equality. 13. Language, Culture, and Education Ricardo L. Garcia. 14. Reducing Prejudice in Students: Theory, Research, and Strategies. 15. Curriculum Guidelines for Multicultural Education. Appendix: Multicultural Education Program Evaluation Checklist.

833 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate how, given their weak roots in civil society and the rising tide of technocracy that has swept through the world of foreign aid, most NGOs remain poorly placed to influence the real drivers of social change and argue that NGOs can take advantage of their traditional strengths to build bridges between grassroots organizations and local and national-level structures and processes, applying their knowledge of local contexts to strengthen their roles in empowerment and social transformation.

395 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A livelihood perspective helps to strengthen resilience thinking by placing greater emphasis on human needs and their agency, empowerment and human rights, and considering adaptive livelihood systems in the context of wider transformational changes.
Abstract: The resilience concept requires greater attention to human livelihoods if it is to address the limits to adaptation strategies and the development needs of the planet's poorest and most vulnerable people. Although the concept of resilience is increasingly informing research and policy, its transfer from ecological theory to social systems leads to weak engagement with normative, social and political dimensions of climate change adaptation. A livelihood perspective helps to strengthen resilience thinking by placing greater emphasis on human needs and their agency, empowerment and human rights, and considering adaptive livelihood systems in the context of wider transformational changes.

312 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The logic of an "empowerment approach to CSE" that seeks to empower young people to see themselves and others as equal members in their relationships, able to protect their own health, and as individuals capable of engaging as active participants in society is discussed.

297 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The elimination of violence against women and girls is central to equitable and sustainable social and economic development and must be prioritised in the agenda for development after 2015.

287 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that community empowerment-based approaches to addressing HIV among sex workers were significantly associated with reductions in HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, and with increases in consistent condom use with all clients.

278 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the fact that gender equality and women empowerment have been eviscerated of conceptual and political bite compromises their use as the primary frame through which to demand rights and justice.
Abstract: The language of ‘gender equality’ and ‘women’s empowerment’ was mobilised by feminists in the 1980s and 1990s as a way of getting women’s rights onto the international development agenda. Their efforts can be declared a resounding success. The international development industry has fully embraced these terms. From international NGOs to donor governments to multilateral agencies the language of gender equality and women’s empowerment is a pervasive presence and takes pride of place among their major development priorities. And yet, this article argues, the fact that these terms have been eviscerated of conceptual and political bite compromises their use as the primary frame through which to demand rights and justice. Critically examining the trajectories of these terms in development, the article suggests that if the promise of the post-2015 agenda is to deliver on gender justice, new frames are needed, which can connect with and contribute to a broader movement for global justice.

271 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used household survey data from Nepal to investigate relationships between women empowerment in agriculture and production diversity on maternal and child dietary diversity and anthropometric and anthropological data.
Abstract: We use household survey data from Nepal to investigate relationships between women’s empowerment in agriculture and production diversity on maternal and child dietary diversity and anthropometric o...

250 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that sustainable development often leads to strong trade-offs, mostly in favour of economic growth, which leads to a lack of social and environmental aspects of development and on current generations.
Abstract: Sustainable development often leads to strong trade-offs, mostly in favour of economic growth. Inclusive development responds by focusing mainly on the social and environmental aspects of development and on current generations. While the literature covers inclusive growth in some detail, few authors actually elaborate on inclusive development and how the concept can be made operational. This article first positions inclusive development in the development debate. It then discusses inclusive development per se, in the Anthropocene, and from a relational perspective. Finally, it elaborates how inclusive development can be implemented by (i) developing relevant epistemic communities, communities of practice and social movements, (ii) transforming governance into interactive governance to enable empowerment and (iii) adopting appropriate governance instruments. It concludes that inclusive development will only be brought about through genuine interactive governance that provides the instruments and creates the conditions for adaptive learning and the empowerment of marginalized people.

247 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated linkages between women empowerment in agriculture and the nutritional status of women and children using 2012 baseline data from the Feed the Future population-based survey in northern Ghana.

220 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address some of the failures and successes experienced within participatory approaches in campus sustainability initiatives, and deduces a set of critical success factors and emergent clusters that can help to integrate dimensions of participation more inclusively into sustainability assessment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the empowerment effects of rural women's access to micro-credit were examined based on longitudinal qualitative research with rural women who are involved in an NGO-run micro-lending program in Ghana, and the implications of these findings for policy and practice are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual model which links human factors to the sustainable development integration process is presented, which helps to get a profound understanding of human related barriers for integrating sustainable development in higher education and understand the underlying reasons for these barriers and linkages between them in different stages of the integration process.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The women, men, and transgender people who sell sex globally have disproportionate risks and burdens of HIV in countries of low, middle, and high income, and in concentrated and generalised epidemic contexts as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the relationship between colonialism and psychology, and decolonize psychological science in teaching, social, and clinical practice by transforming its focus from promotion of individual happiness to cultivation of collective well-being, from a concern with instinct to promotion of human needs.
Abstract: This paper draws primarily on my own scholarship, supplemented by the limited academic resources available in the “peripheries” of the world where I live and work (namely, Somali society and Darfur, Sudan), to consider the relationship between colonialism and psychology. I first consider the history of psychology in justifying and bolstering oppression and colonialism. I then consider the ongoing intersection of colonialism and psychology in the form of metacolonialism (or coloniality). I end with thoughts about decolonizing psychological science in teaching, social, and clinical practice. To decolonize psychological science, it is necessary to transform its focus from promotion of individual happiness to cultivation of collective well-being, from a concern with instinct to promotion of human needs, from prescriptions for adjustment to affordances for empowerment, from treatment of passive victims to creation of self-determining actors, and from globalizing, top-down approaches to context-sensitive, bottom-up approaches. Only then will the field realize its potential to advance Frantz Fanon’s call for humane and just social order.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is highlighted that different women's empowerment domains may relate differently to child nutritional status, and future research should aim to harmonise definitions of women's empowering, which key domains it should include, and how it is measured.
Abstract: Women's disempowerment is hypothesised to contribute to high rates of undernutrition among South Asian children. However, evidence for this relationship has not been systematically reviewed. This review of empirical studies aims to: (1) synthesise the evidence linking women's empowerment and child nutritional status in South Asia and (2) suggest directions for future research. We systematically searched Global Health, Embase (classic and Ovid), MEDLINE, Campbell Collaboration, Popline, Eldis, Web of Science, EconLit and Scopus. We generated 1661 studies for abstract and title screening. We full-text screened 44 of these, plus 10 additional studies the authors were aware of. Only 12 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We included English materials published between 1990 and 2012 that examined the relationship(s) of at least one women's empowerment domain and nutritional status among South Asian children. Data were extracted and synthesised within three domains of empowerment: control of resources and autonomy, workload and time, and social support. The results showed women's empowerment to be generally associated with child anthropometry, but the findings are mixed. Inter-study differences in population characteristics, settings or methods/conceptualisations of women's empowerment, and the specific domains studied, likely contributed to these inconsistencies. This review also highlights that different women's empowerment domains may relate differently to child nutritional status. Future research should aim to harmonise definitions of women's empowerment, which key domains it should include, and how it is measured. Rigorous evaluation work is also needed to establish which policies and programmes facilitate women's empowerment and in turn, foster child nutritional well-being.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An evidence-based concept mapping of patient empowerment terms that delineates their boundaries and mutual relationships is delivered and paves the way for a number of future research directions that can help improve the understanding of the antecedents and consequences of patient empowering policies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The article underscores the need to examine both the broader, structural context and social processes operating within this context to fully understand how to empower neighborhoods, particularly in the face of structural challenges.
Abstract: In the present article, we introduce a community empowerment perspective to understanding neighborhoods. A preponderance of literature exists on neighborhood risk factors for crime. Yet less is known about positive factors that make neighborhoods safe and desirable. We propose community empowerment as a conceptual foundation for understanding neighborhood factors that promote social processes, and ultimately, lead to an improvement in structural factors. We suggest that neighborhoods are empowered because they include processes and structures for positive social interactions to emerge and develop. We present busy streets as a mechanism that creates a positive social context, in which social cohesion and social capital thrive. Thus, empowered communities are characterized by climates that promote busy streets. Our article underscores the need to examine both the broader, structural context and social processes operating within this context. Such an integrative perspective is necessary to fully understand how to empower neighborhoods, particularly in the face of structural challenges.

MonographDOI
30 Nov 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss psychology at work: Observation and regulation of alienated activity; Pathologising dissent: Exploitation isolated and ratified; Material interests: The manufacture of distress; Spiritless conditions: Regulating therapeutic alternatives; Professional empowerment: Good citizens; Historical, personal and political: Psychology and revolution; Commonsense: Psychological culture on the left.
Abstract: AcknowledgementsIntroduction 1 What is psychology? Meet the family 2 Psychology as ideology: Individualism explained 3 Psychology at work: Observation and regulation of alienated activity 4 Pathologising dissent: Exploitation isolated and ratified 5 Material interests: The manufacture of distress 6 Spiritless conditions: Regulating therapeutic alternatives 7 Professional empowerment: Good citizens 8 Historical, personal and political: Psychology and revolution 9 Commonsense: Psychological culture on the left10 Elements of opposition: Psychological struggles now11 Transitional demands: Taking on psychology 12 What next? Reading and resources Notes References Index

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the evolutionary effects of prioritizing one logic and then having to accommodate the other are analyzed in certification programs in the areas of fair trade, organic agriculture, fisheries, and forest management.
Abstract: Transnational private governance initiatives that address problems of social and environmental concern now pervade many sectors. In tackling distinct substantive problems, these programs have, however, prioritized different problem-oriented logics in their institutionalized rules and procedures. One is a “logic of control” that focuses on ameliorating environmental and social externalities by establishing strict and enforceable rules; another is a “logic of empowerment” that concentrates on remedying the exclusion of marginalized actors in the global economy. Examining certification programs in the areas of fair trade, organic agriculture, fisheries, and forest management, we assess the evolutionary effects of programs prioritizing one logic and then having to accommodate the other. The challenges programs face when balancing between the two logics, we argue, elucidate specific distributional consequences for wealth, power, and regulatory capabilities that private governance programs seek to overcome.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The key attributes of engagement, collaboration and empowerment are outlined in a practical framework of involvement which may promote parent-professional collaboration for families of children with long-term conditions.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Structural empowerment mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and nurses' relational social capital, which had a negative effect on mental health symptoms and a positive effect on job satisfaction over the first year of practice.
Abstract: Aims To examine a theoretical model testing the effects of authentic leadership, structural empowerment and relational social capital on the mental health and job satisfaction of new graduate nurses over the first year of practice. Background Relational social capital is an important interpersonal organizational resource that may foster new graduate nurses’ workplace well-being and promote retention. Evidence shows that authentic leadership and structural empowerment are key aspects of the work environment that support new graduate nurses; however, the mediating role of relational social capital has yet to be explored. Design A longitudinal survey design was used to test the hypothesized model. Methods One hundred ninety-one new graduate nurses in Ontario with <2 years of experience completed mail surveys in January–March 2010 and 1 year later in 2011. Path analysis using structural equation modelling was used to test the theoretical model. Results Participants were mostly female, working full time in medicine/surgery or critical care. All measures demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. Path analysis results supported our hypothesized model; structural empowerment mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and nurses’ relational social capital, which in turn had a negative effect on mental health symptoms and a positive effect on job satisfaction. All indirect paths in the model were significant. Conclusion By creating structurally empowering work environments, authentic leaders foster relational social capital among new graduate nurses leading to positive health and retention outcomes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a qualitative case study of the 2011 Thailand flooding and shows how social media can empower the community from three dimensions of empowerment process (structural, psychological, and resource empowerment) to achieve collective participation, shared identification, and collaborative control in the community.
Abstract: In this paper, we examine the emerging use of ICT in social phenomena such as natural disasters. Researchers have acknowledged that a community possesses the capacity to manage the challenges in crisis response on its own. However, extant IS studies focus predominantly on IS use from the crisis response agency’s perspective, which undermines communities’ role. By adopting an empowerment perspective, we focus on understanding how social media empowers communities during crisis response. As such, we present a qualitative case study of the 2011 Thailand flooding. Using an interpretive approach, we show how social media can empower the community from three dimensions of empowerment process (structural, psychological, and resource empowerment) to achieve collective participation, shared identification, and collaborative control in the community. We make two contributions: 1) we explore an emerging social consequence of ICT by illustrating the roles of social media in empowering communities when responding to crises, and 2) we address the literature gap in empowerment by elucidating the actualization process of empowerment that social media as a mediating structure enables.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, full-text articles assessed for eligibility (n = 3498) records excluded (n= 3136) Full-text documents excluded for eligibility, with reasons, were screened for qualitative and quantitative synthesis.
Abstract: s screened (n = 3498) Records excluded (n = 3136) Full-text articles assessed for eligibility (n = 362) Full-text articles excluded, with reasons (n = 257) Studies included in qualitative synthesis (n = 11) Studies included in quantitative synthesis (n = 23) Refined screening of remaining 107 full-text articles; 74 excluded with reasons

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The main finding from this review is while people may express satisfaction with mental health services, there are still issues around three main themes: acknowledging a mental health problem and seeking help; building relationship through participation and care; and working towards continuity of care.
Abstract: Accessible summary A number of studies have highlighted issues around the relationship between service users and providers. The recovery model is predominant in mental health as is the recognition of the importance of person-centred practice. The authors completed an in-depth search of the literature to answer the question: What are service users' experiences of the mental health service? Three key themes emerged: acknowledging a mental health problem and seeking help; building relationships through participation in care; and working towards continuity of care. The review adds to the current body of knowledge by providing greater detail into the importance of relationships between service users and providers and how these may impact on the delivery of care in the mental health service. The overarching theme that emerged was the importance of the relationship between the service user and provider as a basis for interaction and support. This review has specific implications for mental health nursing. Despite the recognition made in policy documents for change, issues with stigma, poor attitudes and communication persist. There is a need for a fundamental shift in the provider–service user relationship to facilitate true service-user engagement in their care. Abstract The aim of this integrative literature review was to identify mental health service users' experiences of services. The rationale for this review was based on the growing emphasis and requirements for health services to deliver care and support, which recognizes the preferences of individuals. Contemporary models of mental health care strive to promote inclusion and empowerment. This review seeks to add to our current understanding of how service users experience care and support in order to determine to what extent the principles of contemporary models of mental health care are embedded in practice. A robust search of Web of Science, the Cochrane Database, Science Direct, EBSCO host (Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus Full-Text), PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Social Sciences Full Text and the United Kingdom and Ireland Reference Centre for data published between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012 was completed. The initial search retrieved 272 609 papers. The authors used a staged approach and the application of predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria, thus the numbers of papers for inclusion were reduced to 34. Data extraction, quality assessment and thematic analysis were completed for the included studies. Satisfaction with the mental health service was moderately good. However, accessing services could be difficult because of a lack of knowledge and the stigma surrounding mental health. Large surveys document moderate satisfaction ratings; however, feelings of fear regarding how services function and the lack of treatment choice remain. The main finding from this review is while people may express satisfaction with mental health services, there are still issues around three main themes: acknowledging a mental health problem and seeking help; building relationship through participation and care; and working towards continuity of care. Elements of the recovery model appear to be lacking in relation to user involvement, empowerment and decision making. There is a need for a fundamental shift in the context of the provider–service user relationship to fully facilitate service users' engagement in their care.

01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a critical reading of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development discourse identified six themes: (1) economic empowerment of women (2) reporting does matter (3) reporting on socioeconomic measurements (4) solutions for all (5) shifting focus and defining the middle class).
Abstract: The concept of sustainable development has largely failed to address environmental and social crises in a meaningful and transformative way, despite its growing popularity. Ecofeminism offers a way to understand and challenge assumptions embedded in the sustainable development discourse. A critical reading of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development’s discourse identified six themes: (1) economic empowerment of women (2) reporting does matter (3) reporting on socio-economic measurements (4) solutions for all (5) shifting focus and (6) defining the middle class. Each theme is based on one of five different characteristics of dualism. It can be concluded that sustainable development discourse perpetuates the dualism of Progress / Rejuvenation which is a duality that further maintains a broad system of dualism already in existence throughout Western society. The study contributes to a better understanding of the importance of more diverse platforms of understanding that allow for transformative solutions to pressing ecological and social crises.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Beyond psychological implications, empowerment of patients in daily practice relies on technology and the way it is used, and the heterogeneity of approaches and technologies makes difficult to have a global vision of how PE is being performed.
Abstract: Background The term ‘Patient Empowerment’ (PE) is a growing concept – so in popularity as in application – covering situations where citizens are encouraged to take an active role in the management of their own health. This concept is serving as engine power for increasing the quality of health systems, but a question is still unanswered, ‘how PE will be effectively achieved?’ Beyond psychological implications, empowerment of patients in daily practice relies on technology and the way it is used. Unfortunately, the heterogeneity of approaches and technologies makes difficult to have a global vision of how PE is being performed. Objective To clarify how technology is being applied for enhancing patient empowerment as well as to identify current (and future) trends and milestones in this issue. Search strategy Searches for relevant English language articles using Medline, Scopus, ACM Digital Library, Springer Link, EBSCO host and ScienceDirect databases from the year 2000 until October 2012 were conducted. Among others, a selection criterion was to review articles including terms ‘patient’ and ‘empowerment’ in title, abstract or as keywords. Main results and conclusions Results state that practical approaches to empower patients vary in scope, aim and technology. Health literacy of patients, remote access to health services, and self-care mechanisms are the most valued ways to accomplish PE. Current technology already allows establishing the first steps in the road ahead, but a change of attitude by all stakeholders (i.e. professionals, patients, policy makers, etc.) is required.

Journal ArticleDOI
Lucy Series1
TL;DR: It is argued that the approach connected with the CRPD offers a refreshing take on the importance of relationships of support in exercising legal capacity, and remarkable similarities in the underlying challenges for each approach are found.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors aimed at undertaking the entrepreneurial development among women in India and found that women are less motivated to start business units due to some unwanted fear, lack of motivation and kind of activities.
Abstract: The economic empowerment of women is a vital element of strong economic growth in any country. Entrepreneurship happens to be one of the best ways towards self-sufficiency and poverty alleviation for women in a country where employment is not guaranteed. Involvement of women in entrepreneurial activities would ensure effective utilization of labour, generation of income and hence improvement in quality of life. Women empowerment through entrepreneurship is a must for a modern developed economy. The state of Tamilnadu is the industrially developing area in which some of the entrepreneurs excel in small scale industry. Even though the government organizes women by various associations, they are not ready to undertake the business. As compared to men, women are less motivated to start business units due to some unwanted fear, lack of motivation and kind of activities. Thus, the study aims at undertaking the entrepreneurial development among women in India. In recent years the entrepreneurship has gained wide popularity on the whole globe. The rate of becoming entrepreneurs in women is more compared to men. In North America 38 percent & small businesses are owned by women. The growth rate in women owned enterprises in some of the developing countries are higher as compared to the developed countries. According to ILO Statistics the growth rate is 24% in Malaysia, 30% in Thailand & 36% in Philippines & 42% in Indonesia. The growth rate was highest in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It was 18% in 2001 and 23% in 2011. As such, women both in the rural and the urban sectors and especially those belonging to the middle class are turning to entrepreneurship to fulfil their aspirations both economically and socially. Though there are several factors contributing to the emergence of women as entrepreneurs, the sustained and coordinated effort from all dimensions would pave the way for the women moving into entrepreneurial activity thus contributing to the social and economic development of the members of the family and thereby gaining equality and equal importance for themselves.