Empowerment

About: Empowerment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42112 publications have been published within this topic receiving 752953 citations.

Gender equality poverty and economic growth.

Abstract: This paper reviews empirical findings from economic analyses of the role of gender equality and women's empowerment in reducing poverty and stimulating growth. Going beyond the large literature documenting the impact of female education on a range of development outcomes, the paper presents evidence on the impact of women's access to markets (labor, land, and credit) and women's decision-making power within households on poverty reduction and productivity at the individual and household level. The paper also summarizes evidence from studies examining the relationship between gender equality and poverty reduction and growth at the macro level. Although micro level effects of gender equality on individual productivity and human development outcomes have been well documented and have important ramifications for aggregate economic performance, establishing an empirical relationship between gender equality and poverty reduction and growth at the macro level has proven to be more challenging. The paper concludes by identifying priority areas for future research.

Assessing participatory GIS for community-based natural resource management: claiming community forests in Cameroon

Abstract: This paper critically reviews and analyses participatory GIS (PGIS) and participatory mapping applications within participatory spatial planning for community-based natural resource management in developing countries. There is an often implicit assumption that PGIS use is effective, in that it meets content needs, satisfies underlying local stakeholder interests and therefore is a tool for better governance. The analytical framework looks at participatory spatial planning performance with respect to key dimensions of governance, especially the intensity of community participation and empowerment, equity within communities and between ‘governed’ and ‘governing’, respect for indigenous knowledge, rights, ownership, legitimacy, and effectiveness. Specific development focus is given by a case study using participatory mapping and PGIS in community forest legitimization, planning and management in Tinto, Cameroon. ‘Good governance’ criteria are applied ex-post to the implementation procedures, the geo-information outputs, and the longer-term outcomes of the PGIS processes. Impacts of incorporating PGIS were examined in terms of the types and degrees of participation in the process; access to, and the uses made of, the geographic information; whether the information outputs met stakeholders’ requirements; and the overall changes in equity and empowerment in the community. It was found that PGIS/participatory mapping processes contributed – positively, though not comprehensively – to good governance, by improving dialogue, redistributing resource access and control rights – though not always equitably – legitimizing and using local knowledge, exposing local stakeholders to geospatial analysis, and creating some actor empowerment through training. PGIS promoted empowerment by supporting community members’ participation in decision-making and actions, and by enabling land use planning decisions beyond community forestry itself.

Gender, Migration and Domestic Service

Abstract: This book examines a wide range of migration patterns which have arisen, and exposes the tensions and difficulties including: * legal and empowerment issues * cultural and language diversities and barriers * the impact of live-in employment. The book features case studies taken from Europe, South and North America, the Caribbean, Asia, and Africa and uses original fieldwork using quantitative and qualitative methods.

Contextual factors of psychological empowerment

Abstract: This paper examines the relationships between four contextual factors related to empowerment (communication with supervisor, general relations with company, teamwork, and concern for performance) and the four components of psychological empowerment (meaning, impact, self‐determination, and competence) identified by Spreitzer and her colleagues. We surveyed 203 employees of a manufacturing firm, using new and established measures of contextual factors and Spreitzer’s measures of empowerment components. The contextual factors were found to be differentially associated with the elements of psychological empowerment. Communication with supervisor and general relations with company were significantly related to the empowerment facets of meaning, self‐determination, and impact, but were not related to the facet of competence. Teamwork was related to meaning and impact. Concern for performance was related to meaning and self‐determination. These associations also varied by type of job. We conclude with implications for research and practice.

Communities and conservation : histories and politics of community-based natural resource management

Abstract: 1 Introduction 2 Part 1: Mobilizations and Models 3 A. Institutional Mandates 4 Chapter 1: Dances Around the Fire: Conservation Organizations and Community-Based Natural Resource Management 5 Chapter 2: Participatory Democracy in Natural Resource Management: A "Columbus' Egg"? 6 Chapter 3: Building Models of Community-Based Natural Resource Management: A Personal Narrative 7 B. Defining Community in National and Transnational Contexts 8 Chapter 4: Congruent Objectives, Competing Interests and Strategic Compromise: Concept and Process in the Evolution of Zimbabwe's CAMPFIRE Programme 9 Chapter 5: Of Diffusion and Context: The Bubbling Up of Community-BasedResource Management in Mozambique 10 Chapter 6: Model, Panacea, or Exception?: Contextualizing CAMPFIRE and Related Programs in Africa 11 Chapter 7: What We Need is a Community Bambi: The Perils and Possibilities of Powerful Symbols 12 C. Empowerment or Coercion? 13 Chapter 8: Community, Forestry and Conditionality in the Gambia 14 Chapter 9: Can David and Goliath Have a Happy Marriage: The Machiguenga People and the Camisea Gas Project in the Peruvian Amazon 15 Chapter 10: Social Movements, Community-Based Natural Resource Management, and the Struggle for Democracy: Experiences from Indonesia 16 Part 2: Stealing the Master's Tools: Mapping and Law in Community-Based Natural Resource Management 17 A. Mapping against Power 18 Chapter 11: Maps, Power and the Defense of Territory: The Upper Mazaruni Land Claim in Guyana 19 Chapter 12: The Ye'kuana Mapping Project 20 Chapter 13: Maps as Power-Tools: Locating "Communities" in Space or Situating People and Ecologies in Place? 21 Chapter 14: Mapping as Tool for Community Organizing Against Power: A Moluccas Experience 22 B. Legal Strategies for the Disenfranchised 23 Chapter 15: Concepts and Strategies for Promoting Legal Recognition of Community-Based Property Rights: Insights from the Philippines and Other Nations 24 Chapter 16: Engaging Simplifications: Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Market Processes, and State Agendas in Upland Southeast Asia 25 Chapter 17: Advocacy as Translation: Notes on the Philippine Experience 26 INDEX 27 ABOUT THE AUTHORS