Topic
Encoding (memory)
About: Encoding (memory) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7547 publications have been published within this topic receiving 120214 citations. The topic is also known as: memory encoding & encoding of memories.
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TL;DR: Memory load affects the search process without affecting search slopes, and fixations selected under load were more likely to be distant from search items, and morelikely to be close to previously inspected locations.
33 citations
24 Sep 2012
TL;DR: A novel approach Memory Exploration and Encoding (ME2) is presented, which first identifies useful pages and then utilizes Run Length Encode algorithm to quickly encode memory, to efficiently decrease the total transferred data, total migration time and downtime.
Abstract: Live migration of virtual machine plays an important role in data center, which can successfully migrate virtual machine from one physical machine to another with only slight influence on upper workload. It can be used to facilitate hardware maintenance, load balancing, fault-tolerance and power-saving, especially in cloud computing data centers. Although the pre-copy is the prevailing approach, it cannot distinguish which memory page is used, resulting in transferring large amounts of useless memory pages. This paper presents a novel approach Memory Exploration and Encoding (ME2), which first identifies useful pages and then utilizes Run Length Encode algorithm to quickly encode memory, to efficiently decrease the total transferred data, total migration time and downtime. Experiments demonstrate that ME2 can significantly decrease 50.5% of total transferred data, 48.2% of total time and 47.6% of downtime on average compared with Xen's pre-copy algorithm.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors manipulated the costs of acquiring and forgetting information in an eight-arm radial maze memory task for pigs, Sus scrofa, by placing ropes at the entrance to arms, which pigs had to walk over incurring an extra 2-3s time cost for each arm entry.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the information capacities of a lossy bosonic channel with correlated noise were evaluated and a global encoding/decoding scheme, which involves input-entangled states among different channel uses, is always preferable with respect to a local one in the presence of memory.
Abstract: We evaluate the information capacities of a lossy bosonic channel with correlated noise. The model generalizes the one recently discussed by Pilyavets et al (2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 052324), where memory effects come from the interaction with correlated environments. Environmental correlations are quantified by a multimode squeezing parameter, which vanishes in the memoryless limit. We show that a global encoding/decoding scheme, which involves input-entangled states among different channel uses, is always preferable with respect to a local one in the presence of memory. Moreover, in a certain range of the parameters, we provide an analytical expression for the classical capacity of the channel showing that a global encoding/decoding scheme allows it to be attained. All the results can be applied to a broad class of bosonic Gaussian channels.
33 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is provided for differential involvement of these brain regions related to different types of strategic memory retrieval and the neural structures described play a role in either spatial‐associative or temporal‐associate memory retrieval.
Abstract: Remembering complex, multidimensional information typically requires strategic memory retrieval, during which information is structured, for instance by spatial- or temporal associations. Although brain regions involved in strategic memory retrieval in general have been identified, differences in retrieval operations related to distinct retrieval strategies are not well-understood. Thus, our aim was to identify brain regions whose activity is differentially involved in spatial-associative and temporal-associative retrieval. First, we showed that our behavioral paradigm probing memory for a set of object-location associations promoted the use of a spatial-associative structure following an encoding condition that provided multiple associations to neighboring objects (spatial-associative condition) and the use of a temporal-associative structure following another study condition that provided predominantly temporal associations between sequentially presented items (temporal-associative condition). Next, we used an adapted version of this paradigm for functional MRI, where we contrasted brain activity related to the recall of object-location associations that were either encoded in the spatial- or the temporal-associative condition. In addition to brain regions generally involved in recall, we found that activity in higher-order visual regions, including the fusiform gyrus, the lingual gyrus, and the cuneus, was relatively enhanced when subjects used a spatial-associative structure for retrieval. In contrast, activity in the globus pallidus and the thalamus was relatively enhanced when subjects used a temporal-associative structure for retrieval. In conclusion, we provide evidence for differential involvement of these brain regions related to different types of strategic memory retrieval and the neural structures described play a role in either spatial-associative or temporal-associative memory retrieval.
33 citations