Topic
Encoding (memory)
About: Encoding (memory) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7547 publications have been published within this topic receiving 120214 citations. The topic is also known as: memory encoding & encoding of memories.
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TL;DR: This chapter deals with age-related changes found in memory, and the information-processing model suggests critical points in the memorial process where developmental changes occur—initial encoding, acquisition, storage, and retrieval—and where this process may be linked to other important aspects of cognition.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter deals with age-related changes found in memory. The early knowledge of memory development is quickly put to use in tests of intelligence; thus, memory is considered a part of the larger sphere of intellectual functioning. However, memory is treated more or less as a unitary construct. Experimental psychology recognize memory performance as, to a large extent, a function of the technique of measurement; but not until the advent of the information-processing models was memory pursued vigorously as a construct in its own right. The information-processing model suggests critical points in the memorial process where developmental changes occur—initial encoding, acquisition, storage, and retrieval—and where this process may be linked to other important aspects of cognition. Initial encoding involves language even in preschool-age children. Semantic information is coded for storage in a wide range of experimental tasks across a wide age range.
218 citations
TL;DR: Behavioral evidence supports a role for the dentate gyrus in mnemonic processing of spatial information based on the operation of conjunctive encoding of multiple sensory inputs, pattern separation of spatial Information, and subsequent encoding in cooperation with CA3.
Abstract: Computational models of the dentate gyrus (DG) have suggested based on anatomical, electrophysiological, and computer simulation data that the DG plays an important role in learning and memory by processing and representing spatial information on the basis of conjunctive encoding, pattern separation, and encoding of spatial information in conjunction with the CA3. Behavioral evidence supports a role for the DG in mnemonic processing of spatial information based on the operation of conjunctive encoding of multiple sensory inputs, pattern separation of spatial (especially metric) information, and subsequent encoding in cooperation with CA3. A potential role of the DG in mediating processes, such as recall of sequential information and short-term memory as well as temporal order for remote memory, are also discussed.
217 citations
08 Jul 1991
TL;DR: The authors introduce ART 2-A, an efficient algorithm that emulates the self-organizing pattern recognition and hypothesis testing properties of the ART 2 neural network architecture, but at a speed two to three orders of magnitude faster.
Abstract: The authors introduce ART 2-A, an efficient algorithm that emulates the self-organizing pattern recognition and hypothesis testing properties of the ART 2 neural network architecture, but at a speed two to three orders of magnitude faster. Analysis and simulation show how the ART 2-A systems correspond to ART 2 dynamics both at the fast-learn limit and at intermediate learning rates. Intermediate learning rates permit fast commitment of category nodes but slow recoding, analogous to properties of word frequency effects, encoding specificity effects, and episodic memory. Better noise tolerance is achieved without a loss of learning stability. The speed of ART 2-A makes practical the use of ART 2 modules in large-scale neural computation. >
217 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a trial-related design in an object-working memory task, where subjects were motivated by a financial incentive during the task, such that they could gain a high or a low reward.
216 citations