Showing papers on "Energy harvesting published in 2020"
TL;DR: An overview of wearables market trends, different active and passive methods of body energy harvesting for powering low-consumption electronic devices are introduced, and challenges of device fabrication are discussed.
323 citations
TL;DR: The paper summarizes the works led to the current wind energy and hydro energy harvesters based on the principle of flow- induced vibrations, including bladeless generator Vortex Bladeless, University of Michigan vortex-induced vibrations aquatic clean energy, Australian BPS company's airfoil tidal energy capture device bioSTREAM, and others.
313 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a critical review is presented to systematically summarize the recent advance of flexible PVDF based piezoelectric nanogenerators in the aspects of incorporating various nanofillers, structural design, optimizing fabrication techniques and energy harvesting application.
258 citations
TL;DR: The goal of this paper is to review current methods of energy harvesting, while focusing on piezoelectric energy harvesting and present several circuits used to maximize the energy harvested.
Abstract: The goal of this paper is to review current methods of energy harvesting, while focusing on piezoelectric energy harvesting The piezoelectric energy harvesting technique is based on the materials' property of generating an electric field when a mechanical force is applied This phenomenon is known as the direct piezoelectric effect Piezoelectric transducers can be of different shapes and materials, making them suitable for a multitude of applications To optimize the use of piezoelectric devices in applications, a model is needed to observe the behavior in the time and frequency domain In addition to different aspects of piezoelectric modeling, this paper also presents several circuits used to maximize the energy harvested
244 citations
TL;DR: Fiber-based energy conversion devices (FBECD) are proposed as candidates for effective conversion of human-body energy into electricity for powering wearable electronics and functional materials, fiber fabrication techniques, and device design strategies for different classes of FBECD are comprehensively reviewed.
Abstract: Following the rapid development of lightweight and flexible smart electronic products, providing energy for these electronics has become a hot research topic. The human body produces considerable mechanical and thermal energy during daily activities, which could be used to power most wearable electronics. In this context, fiber-based energy conversion devices (FBECD) are proposed as candidates for effective conversion of human-body energy into electricity for powering wearable electronics. Herein, functional materials, fiber fabrication techniques, and device design strategies for different classes of FBECD based on piezoelectricity, triboelectricity, electrostaticity, and thermoelectricity are comprehensively reviewed. An overview of fiber-based self-powered systems and sensors according to their superior flexibility and cost-effectiveness is also presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in the field of fiber-based energy conversion are discussed.
209 citations
TL;DR: This work reports a stable, cost-effective, and scalable approach to improve the performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator for wearable biomechanical energy harvesting, thus rendering a sustainable and pervasive energy solution for on-body electronics.
Abstract: As the world marches into the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), the practice of human health care is on the cusp of a revolution, driven by an unprecedented level of personalization enabled by a variety of wearable bioelectronics A sustainable and wearable energy solution is highly desired , but challenges still remain in its development Here, we report a high-performance wearable electricity generation approach by manipulating the relative permittivity of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) A compatible active carbon (AC)-doped polyvinylidene fluoride (AC@PVDF) composite film was invented with high relative permittivity and a specific surface area for wearable biomechanical energy harvesting Compared with the pure PVDF, the 08% AC@PVDF film-based TENG obtained an enhancement in voltage, current, and power by 25, 35, and 98 times, respectively This work reports a stable, cost-effective, and scalable approach to improve the performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator for wearable biomechanical energy harvesting, thus rendering a sustainable and pervasive energy solution for on-body electronics
202 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed an origami-inspired TENG integrated with folded thin film electret, which can be facilely formed from two pieces of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) strips through high degrees of paper folding.
193 citations
TL;DR: The typical IEHs are nanogenerator, biofuel cell, electromagnetic generator, and transcutaneous energy harvesting device that based on ultrasonic or optical energy and the implanted devices which show the therapeutic function in vivo are summarized.
Abstract: Implantable energy harvesters (IEHs) are the crucial component for self-powered devices. By harvesting energy from organisms such as heartbeat, respiration, and chemical energy from the redox reaction of glucose, IEHs are utilized as the power source of implantable medical electronics. In this review, we summarize the IEHs and self-powered implantable medical electronics (SIMEs). The typical IEHs are nanogenerators, biofuel cells, electromagnetic generators, and transcutaneous energy harvesting devices that are based on ultrasonic or optical energy. A benefit from these technologies of energy harvesting in vivo, SIMEs emerged, including cardiac pacemakers, nerve/muscle stimulators, and physiological sensors. We provide perspectives on the challenges and potential solutions associated with IEHs and SIMEs. Beyond the energy issue, we highlight the implanted devices that show the therapeutic function in vivo.
182 citations
TL;DR: The substrate-free and 3D structure design in this paper may provide a promising direction for self-powered, stretchable wearable devices in energy harvesting, human motion or robot movement detection, and smart prosthetics.
181 citations
TL;DR: The designed linear-to-rotary hybrid nanogenerator (LRH-NG) may open up a new approach for high-performance low-frequency wearable biomechanical energy harvesting as a sustainable and pervasive energy solution in the era of the Internet of things.
177 citations
TL;DR: The authors fabricate a siloxene-based self-charging supercapacitor power cell and probe the piezoelectrochemical effect involved in the charging process to provide insight towards understanding the energy conversion process in self-charges.
Abstract: The design and development of self-charging supercapacitor power cells are rapidly gaining interest due to their ability to convert and store energy in an integrated device. Here, we have demonstrated the fabrication of a self-charging supercapacitor using siloxene sheets as electrodes and siloxene-based polymeric piezofiber separator immobilized with an ionogel electrolyte. The self-charging properties of the fabricated device subjected to various levels of compressive forces showed their ability to self-charge up to a maximum of 207 mV. The mechanism of self-charging process in the fabricated device is discussed via “piezoelectrochemical effect” with the aid of piezoelectrochemical spectroscopy measurements. These studies revealed the direct evidence of the piezoelectrochemical phenomenon involved in the energy conversion and storage process in the fabricated device. This study can provide insight towards understanding the energy conversion process in self-charging supercapacitors, which is of significance considering the state of the art of piezoelectric driven self-charging supercapacitors. Devices that are capable of energy harvesting and storage are attractive for meeting daily energy demands, however they are limited by efficiency. Here the authors fabricate a siloxene-based self-charging supercapacitor power cell and probe the piezoelectrochemical effect involved in the charging process.
TL;DR: TENGs have high potential for numerous maritime applications, ranging from the demand of electronics used for metocean monitoring, signalling and surveillance, to activities such as offshore aquaculture or oil and gas exploration.
Abstract: A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a new energy harvester that converts small scale mechanical motions into electrical energy by a combination of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction through the periodic contact-separation and/or sliding movement between two tribo-materials with different abilities of gaining or losing electrical charges. This new approach to harvest mechanical energy can produce high power outputs capable of supplying equipment and sensors deployed in remote offshore locations and of supporting offshore activities whilst being able to be used in conjunction with traditional energy harvesting technologies. This review describes the fundamentals of TENGs and the existing energy harvesting modes, with focus on those more suitable for marine applications. Moreover, the equipment and offshore activities whose energy needs can be satisfied by TENGs are described and implementation schemes presented. We conclude that TENGs have high potential for numerous maritime applications, ranging from the demand of electronics used for metocean monitoring, signalling and surveillance, to activities such as offshore aquaculture or oil and gas exploration. The advantages of such systems as an alternative to currently existing solutions are also discussed, along with insights concerning applications that can take advantage of their high efficiency harvesting low amplitude and low frequency wave energy.
TL;DR: A low cost and efficient DC F-TENG which can directly generate DC energy without using the rectifier bridge by harvesting energy from unhealthy electrostatic breakdown has great potential as a lightweight, flexible, wearable and comfortable energy harvesting device in the future.
Abstract: Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have demonstrated their promising potential in biomotion energy harvesting. A combination of the TENG and textile materials presents an effective approach toward smart fabric. However, most traditional fabric TENGs with an alternating current (AC) have to use a stiff, uncomfortable, and unfriendly rectifier bridge to obtain direct current (DC) to store and supply power for electronic devices. Here, a DC fabric TENG (DC F-TENG) with the most common plain structure is designed to harvest biomotion energy by tactfully taking advantage of the harmful and annoying electrostatic breakdown phenomenon of clothes. A small DC F-TENG (1.5 cm × 3.5 cm) can easily light up 416 serially connected light-emitting diodes. Furthermore, some yarn supercapacitors are fabricated and woven into the DC F-TENG to harvest and store energy and to power electronic devices, such as a hygrothermograph or a calculator, which shows great convenience and high efficiency in practice. This low-cost and efficient DC F-TENG which can directly generate DC energy without using the rectifier bridge by harvesting energy from unhealthy electrostatic breakdown has great potential as a lightweight, flexible, wearable, and comfortable energy-harvesting device in the future.
TL;DR: In this article, a chaotic pendulum triboelectric-electromagnetic hybridized nanogenerator integrated with the power management circuit to power the wireless sensing nodes by scavenging wave energy has been proposed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive review of the literature on each of these energy harvesting technologies, including information on the harvesting principle, prototype development, implementation efforts, and economic consideration for each harvesting technology.
TL;DR: A detailed review focused on major breakthroughs in the scope of electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures to highlight the potential of these harvesters to convert mechanical energy into electric energy both for large-scale and small-scale applications.
TL;DR: Different state-of-the-art energy harvesters based on mechanical, aeroelastic, wind, solar, radiofrequency, and pyroelectric mechanisms are discussed and a vital role is played by power management integrated circuits (PMICs) which help to enhance the system’s life span.
Abstract: The internet of things (IoT) manages a large infrastructure of web-enabled smart devices, small devices that use embedded systems, such as processors, sensors, and communication hardware to collect, send, and elaborate on data acquired from their environment. Thus, from a practical point of view, such devices are composed of power-efficient storage, scalable, and lightweight nodes needing power and batteries to operate. From the above reason, it appears clear that energy harvesting plays an important role in increasing the efficiency and lifetime of IoT devices. Moreover, from acquiring energy by the surrounding operational environment, energy harvesting is important to make the IoT device network more sustainable from the environmental point of view. Different state-of-the-art energy harvesters based on mechanical, aeroelastic, wind, solar, radiofrequency, and pyroelectric mechanisms are discussed in this review article. To reduce the power consumption of the batteries, a vital role is played by power management integrated circuits (PMICs), which help to enhance the system’s life span. Moreover, PMICs from different manufacturers that provide power management to IoT devices have been discussed in this paper. Furthermore, the energy harvesting networks can expose themselves to prominent security issues putting the secrecy of the system to risk. These possible attacks are also discussed in this review article.
TL;DR: In this article, a tristable galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester is constructed by introducing a nonlinear magnetic force on the traditional galloping based energy harvesting device.
Abstract: Galloping based piezoelectric energy harvester is a kind of micro-environmental energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibrations. A novel tristable galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester is constructed by introducing a nonlinear magnetic force on the traditional galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester. Based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and Kirchhoff’s law, the corresponding aero-electromechanical model is proposed and validated by a series of wind tunnel experiments. The parametric study is performed to analyse the response of the tristable galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester. Numerical results show that comparing with the galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester, the mechanism of the tristable galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester is more complex. With the increase of a wind speed, the vibration of the bluff body passes through three branches: intra-well oscillations, chaotic oscillations, and inter-well oscillations. The threshold wind speed of the presented harvester for efficiently harvesting energy is 1.0 m/s, which is decreased by 33% compared with the galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester. The maximum output power of the presented harvester is 0.73 mW at 7.0 m/s wind speed, which is increased by 35.3%. Compared with the traditional galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester, the presented tristable galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester has a better energy harvesting performance from flow-induced vibrations.
TL;DR: This work provides with a state-of-the-art of the classification of wireless sensor networks based on different dimensions, such as, types of sensors, deployment strategies, sensing models, coverage and energy efficiency.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are growing rapidly in various fields of commerce, medicine, industrial, agriculture, research, meteorology, etc. that eases complicated tasks. The most active and recent research areas in wireless sensor networks are deployment strategies, energy efficiency and coverage. Besides energy harvesting, network lifetime of the sensors can be increased by decreasing the consumption of energy. This becomes the most challenging areas of utilizing wireless sensor network in practical applications. Deployment in WSNs directly influence the performance of the networks. The usage of sensor nodes in large quantity in the random deployment improves concerns in reliability and scalability. Coverage in wireless sensor networks measures how long the physical space is monitored by the sensors. Barrier coverage is an issue in wireless sensor networks, which is used for security application aims in intruder detection of the protected area. Several ongoing research work focuses on energy efficiency and coverage in wireless sensor networks and numerous schemes, algorithms, methods and architectures have been proposed. Still, there is no comprehensive solution applicable universally. Hence,this work provides with a state-of-the-art of the classification of wireless sensor networks based on different dimensions, such as, types of sensors, deployment strategies, sensing models, coverage and energy efficiency.
TL;DR: The review work presented is categorized into energy management and renewable energy harvesting techniques, which discusses various methods to save energy consumption of the energy harvesting sensor networks and the different energy harvesting mechanisms, especially their protocol design strategies for maximizing energy harvesting.
TL;DR: The research carried out in the past five years, in the areas of modeling, and optimal positioning of piezoelectric actuators/sensors, for active vibration control, are covered.
Abstract: Considering the number of applications, and the quantity of research conducted over the past few decades, it wouldn't be an overstatement to label the piezoelectric materials as the cream of the crop of the smart materials. Among the various smart materials, the piezoelectric materials have emerged as the most researched material for practical applications. They owe it to a few key factors like low cost, large frequency bandwidth of operation, availability in many forms, and the simplicity offered in handling and implementation. For piezoelectric materials, from an application standpoint, the area of active control of vibration, noise, and flow, stands, alongside energy harvesting, as the most researched field. Over the past three decades, several authors have used piezoelectric materials as sensors and actuators, to (i) actively control structural vibrations, noise and aeroelastic flutter, (ii) actively reduce buffeting, and (iii) regulate the separation of flows. These studies are spread over several engineering disciplines-starting from large space structures, to civil structures, to helicopters and airplanes, to computer hard disk drives. This review is an attempt to concise the progress made in all these fields by exclusively highlighting the application of the piezoelectric material. The research carried out in the past five years, in the areas of modeling, and optimal positioning of piezoelectric actuators/sensors, for active vibration control, are covered. Along with this, investigations into different control algorithms, for the piezoelectric based active vibration control, are also reviewed. Studies reporting the use of piezoelectric modal filtering and self sensing actuators, for active vibration control, are also surveyed. Additionally, research on semi-active vibration control techniques like the synchronized switched damping (on elements like resistor, inductor, voltage source, negative capacitor) has also been covered
TL;DR: A stretchable TEG (S-TEG) (over 50% stretchability of the entire device) that is geometrically suitable for various complex and dynamic surfaces of heat sources and offers a potential energy solution for the wearable devices for health monitoring.
Abstract: Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) provide a unique solution for energy harvesting from waste heat, presenting a potential solution for green energy. However, traditional rigid and flexible TEGs cannot work on complex and dynamic surfaces. Here, we report a stretchable TEG (S-TEG) (over 50% stretchability of the entire device) that is geometrically suitable for various complex and dynamic surfaces of heat sources. The S-TEG consists of hot-pressed nanolayered p-(Sb2Te3) and n-(Bi2Te3)-type thermoelectric couple arrays and exploits the wavy serpentine interconnects to integrate all units. The internal resistance of a 10 × 10 array is 22 ohm, and the output power is ∼0.15 mW/cm2 at ΔT = 19 K on both developable and nondevelopable surfaces, which are much improved compared with those of existing S-TEGs. The energy harvesting of S-TEG from the dynamic surfaces of the human skin offers a potential energy solution for the wearable devices for health monitoring.
TL;DR: A waterproof smart insole, based on a triboelectric nanogenerator, for highly efficient and robust human biomechanical energy harvesting, and able to withstand use in harsh environments, without affecting the power output consistency.
Abstract: Footfall contains the highest harvestable biomechanical energy from the human body, which can attain 67 W, showing great potential as a pervasive and sustainable power source for wearable bioelectr...
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-cost, bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed, analyzed, and experimentally tested for the purpose of broadband energy harvesting.
TL;DR: Charge trapping-based electricity generator (CTEG) devices show excellent robustness for energy harvesting from water drops, without appreciable degradation for intermittent testing during 100 days, and exceed previously reported values by far.
Abstract: Strategies toward harvesting energy from water movements are proposed in recent years. Reverse electrowetting allows high efficiency energy generation, but requires external electric field. Triboelectric nanogenerators, as passive energy harvesting devices, are limited by the unstable and low density of tribo-charges. Here, a charge trapping-based electricity generator (CTEG) is proposed for passive energy harvesting from water droplets with high efficiency. The hydrophobic fluoropolymer films utilized in CTEG are pre-charged by a homogeneous electrowetting-assisted charge injection (h-EWCI) method, allowing an ultrahigh negative charge density of 1.8 mC m-2 . By utilizing a dedicated designed circuit to connect the bottom electrode and top electrode of a Pt wire, instantaneous currents beyond 2 mA, power density above 160 W m-2 , and energy harvesting efficiency over 11% are achieved from continuously falling water droplets. CTEG devices show excellent robustness for energy harvesting from water drops, without appreciable degradation for intermittent testing during 100 days. These results exceed previously reported values by far. The approach is not only applicable for energy harvesting from water droplets or wave-like oscillatory fluid motion, but also opens up avenues toward other applications requiring passive electric responses, such as diverse sensors and wearable devices.
TL;DR: A battery-free short-range self-powered wireless sensor network (SS-WSN) is proposed by using TENG-based direct sensory transmission (TDST) by leveraging a mechanical switch or diode-switch combination, initiating the potential for direct signal transmission without additional wireless modules and external power suppliers.
TL;DR: A multi-body rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model of freight rail transport is established to simulate the vibration response of freight wagons and railway tracks and a new compact electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with an inertial pendulum is developed.
TL;DR: In this article, a fully packed spheroidal smart buoy hybrid generator (SB-HG) composed of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and an electromagnetic generator (EMG) for scavenging water-wave energy is presented.
16 Apr 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a contemporary review of recent breakthroughs on the utilization, redistribution, trading and planning of energy harvested in future wireless networks interoperating with smart grids.
Abstract: The advancements in smart power grid and the advocation of “green communications” have inspired the wireless communication networks to harness energy from ambient environments and operate in an energy-efficient manner for economic and ecological benefits. This article presents a contemporary review of recent breakthroughs on the utilization, redistribution, trading and planning of energy harvested in future wireless networks interoperating with smart grids. This article starts with classical models of renewable energy harvesting technologies. We embark on constrained operation and optimization of different energy harvesting wireless systems, such as point-to-point, multipoint-to-point, multipoint-to-multipoint, multi-hop, and multi-cell systems. We also review wireless power and information transfer technologies which provide a special implementation of energy harvesting wireless communications. A significant part of the article is devoted to the redistribution of redundant (unused) energy harvested within cellular networks, the energy planning under dynamic pricing when smart grids are in place, and two-way energy trading between cellular networks and smart grids. Applications of different optimization tools, such as convex optimization, Lagrangian dual-based method, subgradient method, and Lyapunov-based online optimization, are compared. This article also collates the potential applications of energy harvesting techniques in emerging (or upcoming) 5G/B5G communication systems. It is revealed that an effective redistribution and two-way trading of energy can significantly reduce the electricity bills of wireless service providers and decrease the consumption of brown energy. A list of interesting research directions are provided, requiring further investigation.