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Showing papers on "Enterprise software published in 1992"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concept of disaggregating corporate activities into manageable intellectual clusters is discussed in this paper, where the authors argue that the organization of enterprises and effective strategies will depend more on the development and deployment of intellectual resources than on the management of physical assets.
Abstract: Executive Overview The development and use of technology for services—whether in the “service industries” or in manufacturing—may be the key to future wealth and productivity in advanced industrial countries. Quinn believes that the organization of enterprises and effective strategies will depend more on the development and deployment of intellectual resources than on the management of physical assets. In this article he discusses the concept of disaggregating corporate activities into manageable intellectual clusters—called service activities.

337 citations




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, personal interviews of representatives of selected Jewish and Christian religious organizations yielded data on 105 commercial enterprises and revealed the sacred and secular dimensions of the assets and constraints that affect management in religious enterprise.
Abstract: Personal interviews of representatives of selected Jewish and Christian religious organizations yielded data on 105 commercial enterprises. Four case studies illustrate the types of religious enterprise that were identified. The sacred and secular dimensions of the assets and constraints that affect management in religious enterprise are also discussed. Sacred assets identified include committed leadership and staff, committed constituents, volunteers, working environment/spiritual vision, and spiritual tools. Tax exemption was identified as a secular asset. Sacred constraints identified were religious laws and imperatives, mission conflict, and refusal to exploit supporters. Secular constraints include staff compensation, limited busi ness experience, and threatened loss of tax exemption.

13 citations


01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: The Computer Aided Production Management (CAPM) group at the University of Nottingham is developing a Petri-Net based software tool called UNISON (University of Nottingham .Integrated System Organisation using Nets) which allows one to represent technological and managerial systems.
Abstract: The Computer Aided Production Management (CAPM) group at the University of Nottingham is developing a Petri-Net based software tool called UNISON (University of Nottingham Integrated System Organisation using Nets) which allows one to represent technological and managerial systems By being able to use the same representation and conventions for all parts of a system, UNISON is of value to designers and implementers in the field of Enterprise Integration (EI) Based upon Petri-net methods, UNISON facilities include graphical input/output, logical operands, a hierarchical representation and descriptors which can be placed on transitions The descriptors are the key to the hierarchical representation A descriptor may be a label, a computer program, a call to a subnet, a call to hardware or a call to other programs The software may be used to represent, verify, simulate, analyse and control the system being modelled It may be used to derive and maintain a model but a particular feature is that a systems representation may become a dynamic simulation and may be used to plug in parts of real systems, hardware and software, to allow them to be tested and run prior to full implementation The CAPM group has shown that planning and control functions performed by production management may be represented by Petri-net methods Others have shown that the control of hardware systems may be represented by Petri-nets Together then, Petri-nets have the ability to link manufacture and its management in whatever manner is most suitable to the organisation The UNISON approach allows models to be created at both the abstract and detailed levels and so allows both top down and bottom up changes to be incorporated These models may be developed separately and tested independently and later linked (if desired) to provide a complete model Together with the use of hierarchies this enab les different levels to be represented and can match the way in which real enterprises work and evolve

10 citations


01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: HITOP-A as mentioned in this paper ) is a system for the development and management of HITOP-AP-A, which is based on the Hitop-A-A framework.
Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, Overview of HITOP-A, Current Status, Acknowledgments, References

9 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the importance of an education model for small enterprise education and training based on self-directed learning and proposed a framework of the Knowles education model.
Abstract: This paper examines the importance of an education model for small enterprise education and training based on self-directed learning. The education model examined is that developed by Knowles (1980). The arguments contained in this paper are significant given the importance of small enterprise education, and training to national economies. The research area - namely, the application of education programme development models, has been neglected by small enterprise educators and researchers.A framework of the Knowles education model is developed for use by small enterprise. The framework is then reviewed in terms of the literature on small enterprise education and training. The literature identifies problems of small enterprise education and training and the Knowles’ education model is put forward as a means of solving the problems.The paper concludes with a framework for developing further teaching methods and researching small enterprise education and recommends that the Knowlesian model be used b...

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a framework for research and describes models of the "process" of enterprise training, based on practical experience, as a basis for functional analysis to determine relevant enterprise trainer competences.
Abstract: Describes models for empirical enquiry. Since the publication of the CEDEFOP guides to competence in the design of enterprise training programmes the need to train a cadre of professional enterprise trainers for small business has become widely accepted throughout Europe. There is a consensus of opinion which favours a competence‐based and process‐related approach. Discusses a framework for research and describes models of the “process” of enterprise training, based on practical experience, as a basis for functional analysis to determine relevant enterprise trainer competences. Concludes that the CEDEFOP guides provide a starting point, but there is considerable scope for research into enterprise training processes, trainer competences and outcomes in different small business contexts.

5 citations


01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: Improved support for the enterprise analysis process is provided by integrating some of the benefits of computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools and business planning methods.
Abstract: The Enterprise Analyzer methodology combines techniques and tools from the GroupSystems electronic meeting system (EMS), a repository, and several customized software tools to support the meetings which are essential for enterprise modeling and organizational process redesign. Enterprise Analyzer supports the facilitated face-to-face meetings between cross-functional design teams and has been evaluated and improved through a series of field studies over a period of eighteen months. Eight teams from the United States Army used the Enterprise Analyzer system for requirements definition and a team from the International Business Machines Company used the system to redesign business processes. The methodology, tools, and repository worked effectively during the prototype evaluations. These groups were able to produce their deliverables faster and cheaper than the estimates for meetings without EMS support. When organizations freeze their business routines with formal procedures or automated systems, the resulting processes may remain mostly unchanged even if the assumptions, goals, and environment that spawned them become obsolete. Enterprise analysis is an approach that helps organizations tackle complex problems such as redesigning business processes and their associated information systems. In enterprise analysis, multi-level, multi-disciplinary teams model current operations to understand the needed changes. These teams work to develop models, diagnose quality and performance problems, and identify opportunities for improvements. Enterprise Analyzer provides support for cross-functional teams whose members may have different perspectives of the organization, little experience with modeling, no history of working together, or consensus about problem solving procedures. This research provides improved support for the enterprise analysis process by integrating some of the benefits of computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools and business planning methods. A repository has been developed to help groups of business experts build an enterprise model and describe the requirements of the system in their own language, without requiring them to learn a modeling language syntax, or requiring analysts to translate their specifications into a model. The team members are able to recognize conflicting requirements and reconcile them on the basis of their contribution to the strategic goals of the organization.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Peter Nisbet1
TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of the relationship between enterprise size and enterprise susceptibility to the employment effects of information technology in the service sector was demonstrated using data gained from a study of the insurance and accounting industries.
Abstract: Using data gained from a study of the insurance and accounting industries, this article demonstrates the importance of the relationship between enterprise size and enterprise susceptibility to the employment effects of information technology in the service sector.

01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that creation of a universal enterprise information model is indeed possible and that model can be used with normative analysis to more easily accomplish information requirements determination and the benefits are as great for individual organizations as for the information systems industry.
Abstract: This dissertation proposes and creates a new methodology for the information requirements determination phase in the development of a computerized information system. The new methodology prescribes the use of normative analysis from a universal enterprise information model. The methodology can be used within the classical systems development life cycle or in the early stages of the system prototyping approach. Information requirements determination is the most critical phase but is not well supported by most integrated information system development methodologies. Streamlining that phase, which is the basic intention of the new methodology, can yield substantial micro and macro economic gains. That is particularly promising for small businesses, which typically do not determine information requirements or build computerized information systems properly. The feasibility of constructing a universal enterprise information model is implied from General Systems Theory research regarding contrived social organizations, including businesses. From the perspective of information required to support such organizations, all businesses are very similar to each other. In the model preparation stage, enterprise information structures of 153 organizations and examples from sixty-one publications were examined. The subjects represented several geographic regions and industry classifications and were examined over several years. The publications included database text and case books and manuals from proprietary systems. The model was constructed using practices of General Systems Theory and relational database design. It was validated by comparing it to enterprise information structures of several small organizations to determine whether the model could have been used to generate those enterprise information structures. In the final stage, the model was successfully used to rapidly create enterprise information structures for seven small organizations. This research demonstrates that creation of a universal enterprise information model is indeed possible and that model can be used with normative analysis to more easily accomplish information requirements determination. The benefits of the new methodology are as great for individual organizations as for the information systems industry.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 Mar 1992
TL;DR: The Cooperated Multi Agent Framework system is cornposited of a set of problem solving agents that autonomously execute and coordinately cooperate each other to employ the network management functions.
Abstract: Based on distributed artificial intelligence technology, this paper proposes a development tool for managing large distributed processing systems. This Cooperated Multi Agent Framework (CMAF) system is cornposited of a set of problem solving agents that autonomously execute and coordinately cooperate each other io employ the network management functions. The objectives of design are two major goals: one for problem solving paradigm, and the other for network management. To demonstrate its eflectness, a prototyping of the CMAF in the fault management is implemented and briefly described along with the results of preliminary experiments. It shows that the CMAF ogers advantages of performance, reliability, extensibility and the ability t o handle the incomplete data and knowledge. Furthermore, the versatile properties of reusability shell, transparency facility and adaptive knowledge bases an CMAF will be developed as tools for future large distributed application.


Proceedings ArticleDOI
Michael Wetzer1
24 Mar 1992

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a model of equal cooperation between the base enterprise and the schools under conditions of the new mechanism of management, where the students' productive labor must not be unprofitable to the enterprise.
Abstract: Under conditions of cost accounting, there is a specific requirement: the students' productive labor must not be unprofitable to the enterprise. Until recently, relations between the school and the enterprise were frequently confined to requests to make repairs to the school, buy television sets, and pay the bills for equipment for the discotheque or an excursion. However, the enterprise is not in a position to take care of all the needs of schools under its sponsorship, especially when there are several of them. Relations of equal cooperation between the base enterprise and the schools are the only kind that are possible under conditions of the new mechanism of management. If the organization of productive labor is properly organized, students can earn the money to meet their needs. In this way, they acquire the mentality of producer rather than consumer.

Book
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: Object technology summarizes object technology and its advantages over conventional approaches to building software and to allow end users to get started quickly and to locate additional information as needed.
Abstract: Aims to provide easy access to NCR's full-scale enterprise computing system based on object-technology and to allow end users to get started quickly and to locate additional information as needed. It summarizes object technology and its advantages over conventional approaches to building software.


01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the spread of ideas such as the entrepreneurial economy, enterprise support system, building and managing an enterprise, management and the large enterprise, public and voluntary enterprise, personal development.
Abstract: The subject of this book is divided into twelve chapters with the first chapter starting with an overview of the enterprise concept. This chapter also highlights how individuals show enterprise in many situations. The remaining chapters cover the spread of ideas such as the entrepreneurial economy, enterprise support system, building and managing an enterprise, management and the large enterprise, public and voluntary enterprise, personal development. group work and networking. Finally, there is a chapter on individuality, enterprise and the future.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article describes an approach to the design of object systems within a CIM environment where each resource is responsible for its own actions, and demonstrates generic mechanisms, configured by data, with minimum code.
Abstract: This article describes an approach to the design of object systems within a CIM environment. Current CIM systems are based on organisational decomposition, where software modules are developed to correspond to existing enterprise management structures. Using an object environment, enterprise resources can be presented as virtual models. This allows a functional decomposition, resulting in the requirement for a Command, Control and Communication (C3) module. In order to successfully implement an integrated enterprise environment using a resource-based architecture the consistency design principle was developed where each resource is responsible for its own actions. The C3 design resulting from this concept demonstrates generic mechanisms, configured by data, with minimum code.