Showing papers on "Entrepreneurship published in 1972"
01 Aug 1972
TL;DR: The authors examines the theory and literature of strategy-making in management research and states that there is little empirical research on the subject. But, they also claim that the strategy making theor...
Abstract: This article examines the theory and literature of strategy-making in management research. It states that there is little empirical research on the subject. It claims that the strategy-making theor...
65 citations
TL;DR: In Pakistan, as in other developing countries, the role of indigenous capitalists has been an extremely complex economic, social, and political question as discussed by the authors, therefore, it should be useful to examine some of the aspects of the growth and development of the new capitalists of Pakistan in the context of the development of Pakistan as a separate state since 1947.
Abstract: In Pakistan, as in other developing countries, the role of indigenous capitalists has been an extremely complex economic, social, and political question. In the past few years, the very large business-industrial combines -the "Big Houses" or the "Twenty-two Families"-have been the focus of a great deal of political controversy. At this particular juncture, therefore, it should be useful to examine some of the aspects of the growth and development of the new capitalists of Pakistan in the context of the development of Pakistan as a separate state since 1947. By going back to the pre-Partition years, it may be possible to see some of the connections between the Pakistan movement and some of the big businessmen; similarly, a brief look at the first post-Partition decade should indicate some of the roots of the elite of the business-industrial class.
52 citations
22 citations
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of the university as an incubator organization and the special problems of academic entrepreneurs and their firms is discussed and guidelines are given to improve the academic entrepreneur's corporate performance and suggestions are offered to enable the university to facilitate the entrepreneurship process.
Abstract: In recent years, the small technology-based enterprise ('spin-off') has had a significant impact on regional economic development. As a source of new technology and entrepreneurs, the university has made an important contribution to the formation of new enterprises.
This article focuses on the role of the university as an incubator organization and the special problems of academic entrepreneurs and their firms. Guidelines are given to improve the academic entrepreneur's corporate performance and suggestions are offered to enable the university to facilitate the entrepreneurship process. The article concludes with a brief discussion of the future prospects for academic entrepreneurship.
13 citations
Book•
01 Jul 1972
12 citations
TL;DR: The Dumbarton Glass Works Company: A Study in Entrepreneurship Business History: Vol 14, No 1, pp 61-81 as discussed by the authors, was founded by the Dumbarton glass works company.
Abstract: (1972) The Dumbarton Glass Works Company: A Study in Entrepreneurship Business History: Vol 14, No 1, pp 61-81
12 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: These two books stand in marked contrast to each other in a number of ways as mentioned in this paper, such as: the Hyden book is very general, containing fourteen uneven-in quality-chapters that are held together by a thin string of ideas; the Maris book is the result of a carefully structured research model using a survey instrument to gain the bulk of the data.
Abstract: These two books stand in marked contrast to each other in a number of ways. It is obvious from the titles that one deals with the public sector and the other the private. The Hyden book is very general, containing fourteen uneven—in quality—chapters that are held together by a thin string of ideas. But the Maris book is the result of a carefully structured research model using a survey instrument to gain the bulk of the data. The Maris book focuses narrowly whereas the Hyden book provides a more panoramic picture. The public administration book appears to have been written with both the academic and Kenyan practitioner in mind. The entrepreneurial book, on the other hand, is too sophisticated for the practitioner. Finally, the Maris and Somerset study is drawn from a patiently gathered set of empirical data. Hyden, Jackson, and Okumu, to the contrary, have edited a book that is a mixed bag; some chapters are based on empirical data, while others could have been written by developmentalists who had never set foot in Kenya.
10 citations
TL;DR: Gough as discussed by the authors points out that the men whose careers have been sketched... are indeed only a selection of those whose names might have been included, and whose achievements might, with more research, have been described.
Abstract: Hugh Myddleton, goldsmith and financier, investor in silver and lead mining, and projector of the ambitious New River scheme for improving London's water supply. Biographical information of this kind is laborious to compile, and it is useful that an expert of Mr. Gough's rank has put so much of it together in this book. The choice of individuals to include in this gallery of entrepreneurs was to some extent arbitrary, being governed by the availability of information (7), and Mr. Gough very fairly points out that "The men whose careers have been sketched . . are indeed only a selection of those whose names might have been included, and whose achievements might, with more research, have been described" (286). His principles of selection have sometimes worked in an unfortunate way. For example, Sir Arthur Ingram is admitted because, besides being a financier, he was interested in the alum industry; whereas Sir Lionel Cranfield is excluded because he is rated a financier, not an entrepreneur. A definition that excludes Cranfield from a book about entrepreneurship in this period must be open to criticism, especially as there is no lack of information about Cranfield's career. Moreover, little attempt is made by Mr. Gough to generalize from his individual case-studies, or to suggest on the basis of this evidence what characterized and differentiated entrepreneurs as a class. Professor Lawrence Stone, in a not dissimilar context, has described "the futility of quoting individual examples to demonstrate a sociological proposition" (Social Change and Revolution in England 1540-1640, p. xvi). The phenomenon of the rise of the entrepreneur cannot be adequately explained by collecting examples of entrepreneurs at work in latesixteenth and early-seventeenth century England.
6 citations
Journal Article•
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a Crite of the authors of the article "Entrepreneurshi P p.nd Econ0l11ic Development: A Cri tique of the
Abstract: Entrepreneurshi P p.nd Econ0l11ic Development: A Cri tique of the
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: The "consortium movement" now appears to be going through a time of testing, reexamination, and confusion, while at the same time experiencing fairly steady growth as discussed by the authors, which seems paradoxical.
Abstract: The "consortium movement" now appears to be going through a time of testing, reexamination, and confusion, while at the same time experiencing fairly steady growth. The situation seems paradoxical. Meaningful cooperation is viewed by most observers of higher education as essential, while at the same time it is often labeled as "impractical" or "politically impossible." The 1960s saw a period of rapid growth for consortia, most of which had a fairly clear sense of direction. Yet, faced with such current issues as whether voluntary cooperation or compulsory cooperation is the wave of the future, whether reluctant administrators and faculty can ever strongly support cooperative academic arrangements, whether consortia actually can promote institutional survival for financially distressed institutions, and similar unanswered questions, consortium advocates in the 1970s appear perplexed and uncertain. However, an examination of current issues facing colleges and universities reveals that there exist very real opportunities for vol-
Journal Article•