Topic
Epileptogenesis
About: Epileptogenesis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4218 publications have been published within this topic receiving 170809 citations.
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TL;DR: The present data show that the apparent antiepileptic properties of electroshocks correlate with extensive damage in midbrain cortical regions, which may prevent the propagation of seizures from the hippocampus and inhibit their motor expression.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of a single administration of TNF-alpha (5.0 microg/kg, i.p.) on seizure and EEG activity were investigated in amygdala-kindled rats.
65 citations
03 Mar 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the advantages and limitations of various forms of KA administration (systemic, intrahippocampal, and intranasal), as well as the histologic, electrophysiological, and behavioral outcomes in different strains and species are discussed.
Abstract: Experimental models of epilepsy are useful to identify potential mechanisms of epileptogenesis, seizure genesis, comorbidities, and treatment efficacy. The kainic acid (KA) model is one of the most commonly used. Several modes of administration of KA exist, each producing different effects in a strain-, species-, gender-, and age-dependent manner. In this review, we discuss the advantages and limitations of the various forms of KA administration (systemic, intrahippocampal, and intranasal), as well as the histologic, electrophysiological, and behavioral outcomes in different strains and species. We attempt a personal perspective and discuss areas where work is needed. The diversity of KA models and their outcomes offers researchers a rich palette of phenotypes, which may be relevant to specific traits found in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
65 citations
TL;DR: Since tumors are complex evolving lesions requiring a multidisciplinary treatment approach (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy), it is mandatory to have a comprehensive view of the natural history of each lesion when choosing the best antiepileptic drug.
Abstract: When treating patients harboring a brain tumor, it is mandatory to integrate the dogmas of epilepsy into a neuro-oncological viewpoint The frequency of seizures differs widely between low- and high-grade tumors because of different mechanisms of epileptogenesis The modern theories of pathological neural networks, especially in low-grade gliomas, can provide the key for an in-depth understanding of the principles of connectionism that underline both seizures, cognitive impairment and plasticity It is a consuetude that principles of general management of patients with nontumor-related epilepsy are applied to neuro-oncology Nevertheless, since tumors are complex evolving lesions requiring a multidisciplinary treatment approach (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy), it is mandatory to have a comprehensive view of the natural history of each lesion when choosing the best antiepileptic drug More than two thirds of patients with brain tumors and medically intractable epilepsy benefit from (sub)total surgical resection Therefore, these patients are good surgical candidates both for oncological and epileptological considerations, in order to change the natural history of the lesion and to improve the quality of life at the same time However, 15% of patients still have intractable medical seizures after surgery Moreover, the insula may participate more often than usually considered in (intractable) seizures Therefore, in these patients, invasive EEG recordings and eventually a second epilepsy surgery might be proposed
65 citations
TL;DR: The decrease in number of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the subiculum and entorhinal cortex correlated with the number of spontaneous seizures subsequently experienced by the rats, and the loss of parvbumin neurons thus may contribute to the development of spontaneous epileptogenesis.
65 citations