Topic
Epileptogenesis
About: Epileptogenesis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4218 publications have been published within this topic receiving 170809 citations.
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TL;DR: According to the data, a few seizures of amygdaloid origin may cause more severe damage to SOM-ir neurons in the amygdala than in the hilus and, therefore, contribute to epileptogenesis.
55 citations
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TL;DR: Decreased thalamic connected volume is a promising biomarker for epileptogenesis that merits longitudinal validation and consistent localization of dense medial pulvinar connectivity with the hippocampus suggests chronic PuM stimulation could modulate the MTLE seizure network.
Abstract: The thalamus has been implicated in various stages of medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) seizure evolution. The relative density and functional significance (in epileptogenesis) of thalamic projections to MTL subregions, however, remains to be determined. This study used structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate thalamic connection density with distinct MTL subregions in terms of location and volume. Nineteen MTLE patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS; 12 right; 10 female) were compared to 19 age-matched controls. Five regions of interest (ROIs) per hemisphere were created in native space: thalamus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and parahippocampus. Separate probabilistic tractography analyses were performed between the thalamus and each ipsilateral MTL subregion (four per hemisphere). Individual connectivity profiles and regional volumes were assessed. The medial pulvinar consistently showed the highest connection density with the hippocampus in healthy controls and in MTLE patients. Decreased thalamic connected volume was observed for thalamohippocampal pathways in patients with MTLE, and indicates pathway-specific deafferentation. Regional hippocampal and thalamic atrophy was also observed, indicating gray and white matter loss in the thalamohippocampal pathway. Consistent localization of dense medial pulvinar (PuM) connectivity with the hippocampus suggests chronic PuM stimulation could modulate the MTLE seizure network. Decreased thalamic connected volume is a promising biomarker for epileptogenesis that merits longitudinal validation. A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here.
55 citations
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TL;DR: This review summarizes the results obtained to date using gene therapy in epilepsy models and discusses the challenges and the opportunities that this approach can offer for the treatment of human epilepsies.
55 citations
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TL;DR: The results suggest that an intense synaptic reorganization takes place in the epileptic hippocampus, including axonal sprouting of certain interneuron types, both in sclerotic and non-sclerotic tissue, which is a more general phenomenon of TLE than cell loss.
55 citations
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TL;DR: Different aspects of the kindling model are reviewed with emphasis on experiments in the rat and characteristic properties of the post-SE models are reviewed to compare the neuropathological, electrophysiological and molecular differences between kindling and post- SE epilepsy models.
55 citations