Topic
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
About: Epworth Sleepiness Scale is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4742 publications have been published within this topic receiving 155088 citations.
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TL;DR: The results indicate the feasibility and importance of using ineffective CPAP as a placebo treatment and the importance of including a placebo control in studies evaluating the effect of treatment on neuropsychological function in SAHS.
Abstract: A placebo-controlled, partial cross-over, double-blind, randomized study was performed with 46 adults with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) to determine the effect of therapeutic and subtherapeutic (0–1 cm H2O) nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on polysomnographic and neuropsychological testing. The following neuropsychological tests were administered: Geriatric Depression Scale, Trail Making A and B, Digit Span Test Forward and Backward, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, SteerClear, Digit Symbol, Controlled Oral Word Association, and Complex Figure Recall. Compared with results without CPAP, subtherapeutic CPAP did not affect any measured polysomnographic parameter. Comparison of neuropsychological test results obtained between the initial periods of effective treatment (Group 1, 16.1 d; Group 2, 19.6 d; p = NS) in all subjects showed significant improvements in Digit Symbol, Digit Span Backward, and Complex Figure tests. However, there were no group differences in changes in test re...
130 citations
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TL;DR: Modafinil is effective for the long-term treatment of EDS associated with narcolepsy and significantly improves perceptions of general health, with no evidence of tolerance developing during 40 weeks of treatment.
129 citations
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TL;DR: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment has been shown to reduce daytime sleepiness and improve health‐related quality of life in nondemented older people with SDB.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Studies have reported that 33% to 70% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment has been shown to reduce daytime sleepiness and improve health-related quality of life in nondemented older people with SDB. The effect of therapeutic CPAP treatment on daytime sleepiness in patients with mild-moderate AD with SDB was assessed.
DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
SETTING: Patients' home and the University of California San Diego, General Clinical Research Center, J. Christian Gillin Laboratory of Sleep and Chronobiology.
PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine community-dwelling elderly patients with mild-moderate probable AD with SDB.
INTERVENTION: Patients were randomly assigned to receive 6 weeks of therapeutic CPAP or 3 weeks of sham CPAP followed by 3 weeks of therapeutic CPAP.
MEASUREMENTS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was administered at baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. Changes in daytime sleepiness in subjects who received optimal therapeutic CPAP were compared with changes in the sham CPAP group.
RESULTS: Within the therapeutic CPAP group, ESS scores were reduced from 8.89 during baseline to 6.56 after 3 weeks of treatment (P=.04) and to 5.53 after 6 weeks of treatment (P=.004). In the sham CPAP group, there was no significant difference after 3 weeks of sham CPAP but a significant decrease from 7.68 to 6.47 (P=.01) after 3 weeks of therapeutic CPAP.
CONCLUSION: These data provide evidence of the effectiveness of CPAP in reducing subjective daytime sleepiness in patients with AD with SDB.
129 citations
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TL;DR: Evaluated prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among patients undergoing bariatric surgery and the predictive value of various clinical parameters: body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) found to be insufficient predictors of the presence of OSA found increased neck circumference, BMI and the ESS to be inadequate predictors.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among patients undergoing bariatric surgery and the predictive value of various clinical parameters: body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). We performed a prospective, multidisciplinary, single-center observational study including all patients on the waiting list for bariatric surgery between June 2009 and June 2010, irrespective of history or clinical findings. Patients visited our ENT outpatient clinic for patient history, ENT and general examination and underwent a full night polysomnography, unless performed previously. As much as 69.9% of the patients fulfilled the criteria for OSA (mean BMI 44.2 ± SD 6.4 kg/m2); 40.4% of the patients met the criteria for severe OSA. The regression models found BMI to be the best clinical predictor, while the ROC curve found the NC to be the most accurate predictor of the presence of OSA. The discrepancy of the results and the poor statistical power suggest that all three clinical parameters are inadequate predictors of OSA. In conclusion, in this large patient series, 69.9% of patients undergoing BS meet the criteria for OSA. More than 40% of these patients have severe OSA. A mere 13.3% of the patients were diagnosed with OSA before being placed on the waiting list for BS. On statistical analysis, increased neck circumference, BMI and the ESS were found to be insufficient predictors of the presence of OSA. Polysomnography is an essential component of the preoperative workup of patients undergoing BS. When OSA is found, specific perioperative measures are indicated.
129 citations
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TL;DR: The prevalence of EDS was high in this adult Norwegian population sample and EDS seems to be related to several symptoms of sleep disorders.
Abstract: Study Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of self-reported excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in Norway. Design: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was administered by a telephone interview to a random sample of 2301 adult inhabitants of Norway. Questions of demography, symptoms of sleep disorders, and depression were included. Setting: Norway Participants: Two thousand three hundred one subjects, 18 years and older. Interventions: N/A. Measurements and Results: The mean score of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was 6.95 (SD = 3.8), and 17.7% had a score (>10), indicating EDS. Univariate logistic regression analyses showed that being a man; living in southern Norway; working nights; being young; having symptoms of cataplexy, restless legs, or periodic limb movement in sleep; having breathing pauses in sleep; and having symptoms of depression were significantly related to EDS. Of these 9 predictors, only symptoms of restless legs did not maintain the significant relationship with EDS when a multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Conclusions: The prevalence of EDS was high in this adult Norwegian population sample. EDS seems to be related to several symptoms of sleep disorders.
129 citations