Epworth Sleepiness Scale

About: Epworth Sleepiness Scale is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4742 publications have been published within this topic receiving 155088 citations.

A new standardised and self-administered quality of life questionnaire specific to obstructive sleep apnoea.

Abstract: Background: A short, standardised, self-administered quality of life questionnaire would be a useful addition to the outcome measures in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) research. A study was therefore undertaken to validate a new OSA specific self-administered questionnaire (the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire, QSQ) for use in clinical trials. Methods: This study followed a description of health related quality of life in patients with OSA. Construct validity and responsiveness were tested by comparing the baseline and changes in domain scores (daytime sleepiness, diurnal symptoms, nocturnal symptoms, emotions, social interactions) with those of questionnaires measuring related constructs (SF-36, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, SCL-90, and Functional Outcomes in Sleep Questionnaire). Results: Sixty patients (48 men) of mean (SD) age 55 (10) years participated in the study. In the analysis of the discriminative function of the questionnaire, moderate to high correlations were found between the scores in each domain of the QSQ and the corresponding questionnaires. In the analysis of its evaluative function significant differences were found in score changes between patients who were treated and those who were not, and moderate to high correlations were seen between changes in scores in the QSQ and changes in the corresponding questionnaires. Most of these correlations met the a priori predictions made regarding their magnitude. Conclusion: The QSQ is a valid measure of health related quality of life in patients with OSA and is sensitive to treatment induced changes.

Quality of life and obstructive sleep apnea symptoms after pediatric adenotonsillectomy

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Data from a randomized, controlled study of adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) were used to test the hypothesis that children undergoing surgery had greater quality of life (QoL) and symptom improvement than control subjects. The objectives were to compare changes in validated QoL and symptom measurements among children randomized to undergo adenotonsillectomy or watchful waiting; to determine whether race, weight, or baseline OSAS severity influenced changes in QoL and symptoms; and to evaluate associations between changes in QoL or symptoms and OSAS severity. METHODS: Children aged 5 to 9.9 years with OSAS (N = 453) were randomly assigned to undergo adenotonsillectomy or watchful waiting with supportive care. Polysomnography, the Pediatric Quality of Life inventory, the Sleep-Related Breathing Scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, the 18-item Obstructive Sleep Apnea QoL instrument, and the modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale were completed at baseline and 7 months. Changes in the QoL and symptom surveys were compared between arms. Effect modification according to race and obesity and associations between changes in polysomnographic measures and QoL or symptoms were examined. RESULTS: Greater improvements in most QoL and symptom severity measurements were observed in children randomized to undergo adenotonsillectomy, including the parent-completed Pediatric Quality of Life inventory (effect size [ES]: 0.37), the 18-item Obstructive Sleep Apnea QoL instrument (ES: –0.93), the modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (ES: –0.42), and the Sleep-Related Breathing Scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (ES: –1.35). Effect modification was not observed by obesity or baseline severity but was noted for race in some symptom measures. Improvements in OSAS severity explained only a small portion of the observed changes. CONCLUSIONS: Adenotonsillectomy compared with watchful waiting resulted in significantly more improvements in parent-rated generic and OSAS-specific QoL measures and OSAS symptoms.

Predictors of objective sleep tendency in the general population.

Abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES Daytime sleepiness is a pervasive problem that is associated with a significant public-health burden. Although self-reported measures of daytime sleepiness may be useful in identifying at-risk individuals, there is significant controversy because there are no population-based data relating subjective and objective measures of daytime sleep tendency. The aims of this study were to examine the associations between the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), an objective measure of daytime sleep tendency, and self-reported information on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and nighttime sleep duration in the general population. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Population-based sample of 261 women and 371 men, mean age of 50.8 years, enrolled in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study. MEASUREMENTS MSLT, ESS, and self-reported sleep duration prior to the MSLT. RESULTS Using survival analysis to model the time to sleep onset during the MSLT, we found that individuals with an intermediate (6-11) and high (> or = 12) ESS score had a 30% and 69% increase in risk for sleep onset during the MSLT, respectively, compared to individuals with a low ESS score (< or = 5). A dose-response relationship between self-reported duration of nighttime sleep and objective sleep tendency was also observed. Compared to individuals reporting more than 7.50 hours of sleep (highest tertile), individuals reporting 6.75 to 7.50 hours and less than 6.75 hours (lowest tertile) had a 27% and 73% increase in risk for sleep onset during the MSLT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Subjective reports of daytime sleep tendency on the ESS and the duration of nighttime sleep are associated with the results of the MSLT in the general population.