Epworth Sleepiness Scale

About: Epworth Sleepiness Scale is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4742 publications have been published within this topic receiving 155088 citations.

Outcome after one year of upper airway stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea in a multicenter German post-market study

Abstract: Objective/Hypothesis Upper airway stimulation (UAS) of the hypoglossal nerve has been implemented in the routine clinical practice for patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who could not adhere to continuous positive airway pressure. This study reports objective and patient-reported outcome after 12 months of implantation. Study Design Multicenter prospective single-arm study. Methods Consecutive patients who received the UAS system (Inspire Medical Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, Maple Grove, MN, U.S.A.) were enrolled in three German centers. Key study exclusion criteria included body mass index > 35 kg/m2, apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) 65, or complete concentric collapse at the soft palate during sedated endoscopy. Data collection at 6- and 12-month visit include home sleep test and patient-reported outcome measures. Results Among the total of 60 participants, the median AHI reduced from 28.6 to 9.5 from baseline to 12 months. Patient-reported outcome measured in Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire both improved significantly from baseline to 12 months. The average usage time was 39.1 ± 14.9 hours per week among all participants based on recordings by the implanted device. One patient requested a removal of the device for cosmetic and other personal reasons and was completed without sequelae. Conclusion This study supported that UAS is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with OSA in routine clinical practice. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 2017

Pharmacotherapy of Apnea by Cannabimimetic Enhancement, the PACE Clinical Trial: Effects of Dronabinol in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Abstract: Study objectives There remains an important and unmet need for fully effective and acceptable treatments in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). At present, there are no approved drug treatments. Dronabinol has shown promise for OSA pharmacotherapy in a small dose-escalation pilot study. Here, we present initial findings of the Phase II PACE (Pharmacotherapy of Apnea by Cannabimimetic Enhancement) trial, a fully blinded parallel groups, placebo-controlled randomized trial of dronabinol in people with moderate or severe OSA. Methods By random assignment, 73 adults with moderate or severe OSA received either placebo (N = 25), 2.5 mg dronabinol (N = 21), or 10 mg dronabinol (N = 27) daily, 1 hour before bedtime for up to 6 weeks. Results At baseline, overall apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 25.9 ± 11.3, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score was 11.45 ± 3.8, maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) mean latency was 19.2 ± 11.8 minutes, body mass index was 33.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2, and age was 53.6 ± 9.0 years. The number and severity of adverse events, and treatment adherence (0.3 ± 0.6 missed doses/week) were equivalent among all treatment groups. Participants receiving 10 mg/day of dronabinol expressed the highest overall satisfaction with treatment (p = .04). In comparison to placebo, dronabinol dose-dependently reduced AHI by 10.7 ± 4.4 (p = .02) and 12.9 ± 4.3 (p = .003) events/hour at doses of 2.5 and 10 mg/day, respectively. Dronabinol at 10 mg/day reduced ESS score by -3.8 ± 0.8 points from baseline (p Conclusions These findings support the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in people with OSA. In comparison to placebo, dronabinol was associated with lower AHI, improved self-reported sleepiness, and greater overall treatment satisfaction. Larger scale clinical trials will be necessary to clarify the best potential approach(es) to cannabinoid therapy in OSA.

Evaluation for sleep apnea in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan: a questionnaire study.

Abstract: Verbraecken J, Declerck A, Van de Heyning P, De Backer W, WoutersEFM. Evaluation for sleep apnea in patients with Ehlers–Danlos syn-drome and Marfan: a questionnaire study.Clin Genet 2001: 60: 360–365. © Munksgaard, 2001Sleep complaints are frequently reported by patients with Marfan andEhlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS). We examined the exact nature ofsleep complaints in these patients.A representative sample of Marfan and EDS patients responded to ageneral sleep questionnaire, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) and the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health-related quality of life (QOL) questionnaire. Fifteen Marfan patientsand 9 EDS patients were evaluated and compared to 24 healthy con-trols, matched for age, sex and body mass index. Maintaining sleepwas frequently disturbed in Marfan (40%, p 0.04) as well as in EDSpatients (56%, p 0.01).Sleep apnea was exclusively reported by Marfan patients (27%, p=0.03). Periodic limb movements were much more reported in EDS(67%, p=0.02) than in Marfan (27%, p=0.25) compared to controls(8%). Pain and back complaints were highly presented in both groups,but most pronounced in EDS patients (47% in Marfan versus 77% inEDS). No differences for the scores in the ESS were found. For allSF-36 questionnaire items, scores were much lower in patient groups,except for emotional problems. We found that sleep complaints werenot rare in Marfan and EDS patients and correlated well with differentQOL items. Our study calls for greater attention to the presence ofapnea, pain and periodic limb movements in these patients.