Topic
Equivalent series resistance
About: Equivalent series resistance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5335 publications have been published within this topic receiving 83362 citations. The topic is also known as: ESR.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the capacitance of square and rectangular capacitors is derived for the case that the spacing between the electrodes is very small compared to the length or width of the plates.
Abstract: In basic electrostatics, the formula for the capacitance of parallel-plate capacitors is derived, for the case that the spacing between the electrodes is very small compared to the length or width of the plates. However, when the separation is wide, the formula for very small separation does not provide accurate results. In our previously published papers, we used the boundary element method (BEM) to derive formulas for the capacitance of strip and disk capacitors that are applicable even when the separation is large. In this paper, we present results and formulas for the capacitances of square and rectangular capacitors. >
110 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the applicability limits of the Srinivasan and Weidner model have been tested and the very strong influence of the solvent nature (viscosity and molar conductivity of the solution) on the characteristics of the nanoporous carbon electrode cells has been established.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the development of GaAs PV power converters with improved conversion efficiency at high power densities by incorporating a lateral conduction layer (LCL) on top of the window layer.
Abstract: Photovoltaic power converters can be used to generate electricity directly from laser light. In this paper we report the development of GaAs PV power converters with improved conversion efficiency at high power densities. The incorporation of a lateral conduction layer (LCL) on top of the window layer resulted in a considerable gain in efficiency at high illumination levels. Additional performance improvements were obtained by using a metal electrode grid design and antireflection coating optimised for monochromatic and inhomogeneous laser light. Maximum monochromatic (810 nm) optical-to-electrical conversion efficiency of 54·9% at 36·5 W/cm2 has been achieved. The characteristics of laser power converters with p/n and n/p polarity are discussed in this paper. Moreover, different materials and doping levels were applied in the LCL. The performance of these different device structures at high laser intensity is presented and discussed. It is shown that the lateral series resistance of the cell has a major impact on the overall device performance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a fast method based on photoluminescence imaging for a spatially resolved coupled determination of the dark saturation current and series resistance (C-DCR) was developed.
Abstract: Luminescence images of silicon solar cells contain information about local recombination properties and local series resistance. It is difficult to separate the information and interpret single images correctly and quantitatively though, which greatly limits the use of single luminescence images, in particular for the application as an in-production characterization tool. We therefore developed a fast method based on photoluminescence imaging for a spatially resolved coupled determination of the dark saturation current and series resistance (C-DCR). (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
109 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an accelerated life test method for LED drivers that use electrolytic capacitors at the output stage, where the type of failure considered here is parametric.
Abstract: This paper proposes an accelerated life-test method for LED drivers that use electrolytic capacitors at the output stage. The type of failure considered here is parametric. Estimated failure rates of power components suggest the electrolytic capacitor used at the driver output stage is the weakest link. As an electrolytic capacitor degrades, its capacitance decreases and its equivalent series resistance increases, contributing to an increase of output current ripple. Thus, the amplitude of the output current ripple is a good indicator of the degradation level of the electrolytic capacitor. Temperature was selected as the acceleration factor because LED drivers are usually exposed to elevated temperatures in typical applications. The current ripple was experimentally found to have a negative impact on light output and efficacy; therefore, the useful life of an LED driver is proposed as the time it takes for the output current ripple to reach its maximum rate of change. The relationship between the capacitor's positive pin temperature and the useful life of the LED driver was then established using the proposed definition. The accelerated life test shows that the LED driver's useful life is shortened exponentially, as the output electrolytic capacitor's operating temperature increases.
108 citations