Topic
Equivalent series resistance
About: Equivalent series resistance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5335 publications have been published within this topic receiving 83362 citations. The topic is also known as: ESR.
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TL;DR: An electrochemical double layer capacitor test cell containing activated carbon xerogel electrodes and ionic liquid electrolyte was tested at 15, 25 and 40 degrees C to examine the effect of temperature on electrolyte resistance (R-S) and equivalent series resistance (ESR) measured using impedance spectroscopy and capacitance using charge/discharge cycling as mentioned in this paper.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of a 9 mm2 perovskite solar cell at varying solar concentration levels and correlation it with the series resistance of the solar cell was reported, where the authors identified the potential of concentrating photovoltaics and highlighted the challenges and made recommendations for future development.
Abstract: Perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology is the flag bearer for the future of photovoltaics allowing unlimited possibilities for its application. This technology is currently limited by issues related to its scale-up, stability and the composition of the materials used in its preparation. Using small sized solar cells with higher efficiency under solar concentration is gaining traction as a methodology for scaling up this technology and broadening its applications. However, this has only been reported in devices with size <1 mm2 neglecting the series resistance of the device. Here, we report the performance of a 9 mm2 PSC at varying solar concentration levels and correlate it with the series resistance of the solar cell. The n–i–p structured device using a triple cation perovskite absorber with a mesoporous titanium oxide/SnO2 layer as the electron transporting layer and Spiro-OMeTAD as the hole transporting material achieved a peak efficiency of 21.6% under 1.78 Suns as compared to the 21% obtained under 1 Sun (1000W m−2) and AM1.5G. We further boosted the power output up to 15.88 mW under 10.7 Suns compared to the 1.88 mW obtained under 1 Sun; however this results in an actual efficiency drop of the PSC owing to the device series resistance. Further, we investigated the impact of the increasing solar cell temperature at higher concentration levels and identified the influence of series resistance on the performance of the PSC. Our work identifies the potential of concentrating photovoltaics and highlights the challenges and makes recommendations for future development.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a method to determine the five solar cell parameters of the single diode lumped circuit model, which are usually the saturation current, the series resistance, the ideality factor, the shunt conductance and the photocurrent.
50 citations
Patent•
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, front-end-of-line (FEOL) capacitors such as polysilicon-polysilicon and metal-insulator-silicon capacitors are provided that are capable of incorporating a high dielectric constant (k of greater than about 8) into the capacitor structure.
Abstract: Methods of forming front-end-of the line (FEOL) capacitors such as polysilicon-polysilicon capacitors and metal-insulator-silicon capacitors are provided that are capable of incorporating a high-dielectric constant (k of greater than about 8) into the capacitor structure. The inventive methods provide high capacitance/area devices with low series resistance of the top and bottom electrodes for high frequency responses. The inventive methods provide a significant reduction in chip size, especially in analog and mixed-signal applications where large areas of capacitance are used.
50 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposes to estimate the low-frequency impedance of the AEC, which is dominated by its capacitance value, thereby allowing health monitoring based on the capacitor value and results are included in this paper.
Abstract: Condition monitoring of aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs) is essential for predictive maintenance of power electronic converters. The AEC is considered at the end of its life when its capacitance or equivalent series resistance (ESR) reaches corresponding critical values. In the literature, it is found that either of these parameters may reach its critical limit depending on the operating conditions and applications. However, most of the existing health monitoring techniques of the AEC in dc–dc converters are based on the estimation of ESR. To address the aforementioned issue, this paper proposes to estimate the low-frequency impedance of the AEC, which is dominated by its capacitance value, thereby allowing health monitoring based on the capacitance value. The technique is based on injection of a low-frequency current ripple into the AEC using duty ratio control of the dc–dc converter. The parameters of new and aged capacitors are experimentally obtained at various temperatures and are used to establish the failure criteria. Furthermore, the proposed method is applicable for both the continuous conduction mode and the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) of operation. For DCM operation, a sampling instant to recover a low-frequency waveform is suggested based on mathematical analysis. Detailed simulation studies are performed and results are included in this paper. Experimentation is carried out on a dc–dc boost converter integrating solar photovoltaic with the dc system. Experimental results are found to be in agreement with simulation results.
50 citations