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Escherichia coli
About: Escherichia coli is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 59041 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2050337 citations. The topic is also known as: E. coli & E coli jdj.
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TL;DR: A simple and highly efficient method to disrupt chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli in which PCR primers provide the homology to the targeted gene(s), which should be widely useful, especially in genome analysis of E. coli and other bacteria.
Abstract: We have developed a simple and highly efficient method to disrupt chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli in which PCR primers provide the homology to the targeted gene(s). In this procedure, recombination requires the phage lambda Red recombinase, which is synthesized under the control of an inducible promoter on an easily curable, low copy number plasmid. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we generated PCR products by using primers with 36- to 50-nt extensions that are homologous to regions adjacent to the gene to be inactivated and template plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance genes that are flanked by FRT (FLP recognition target) sites. By using the respective PCR products, we made 13 different disruptions of chromosomal genes. Mutants of the arcB, cyaA, lacZYA, ompR-envZ, phnR, pstB, pstCA, pstS, pstSCAB-phoU, recA, and torSTRCAD genes or operons were isolated as antibiotic-resistant colonies after the introduction into bacteria carrying a Red expression plasmid of synthetic (PCR-generated) DNA. The resistance genes were then eliminated by using a helper plasmid encoding the FLP recombinase which is also easily curable. This procedure should be widely useful, especially in genome analysis of E. coli and other bacteria because the procedure can be done in wild-type cells.
14,389 citations
TL;DR: Competition with both transforming and non-transforming plasmids indicates that each cell is capable of taking up many DNA molecules, and that the establishment of a transformation event is neither helped nor hindered significantly by the presence of multiple plasmid molecules.
Abstract: Factors that affect the probability of genetic transformation of Escherichia coli by plasmids have been evaluated. A set of conditions is described under which about one in every 400 plasmid molecules produces a transformed cell. These conditions include cell growth in medium containing elevated levels of Mg2+, and incubation of the cells at 0 degrees C in a solution of Mn2+, Ca2+, Rb+ or K+, dimethyl sulfoxide, dithiothreitol, and hexamine cobalt (III). Transformation efficiency declines linearly with increasing plasmid size. Relaxed and supercoiled plasmids transform with similar probabilities. Non-transforming DNAs compete consistent with mass. No significant variation is observed between competing DNAs of different source, complexity, length or form. Competition with both transforming and non-transforming plasmids indicates that each cell is capable of taking up many DNA molecules, and that the establishment of a transformation event is neither helped nor hindered significantly by the presence of multiple plasmids.
11,144 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new vector strategy for the insertion of foreign genes into the genomes of gram negative bacteria not closely related to Escherichia coli was developed, which can utilize any gram negative bacterium as a recipient for conjugative DNA transfer.
Abstract: We have developed a new vector strategy for the insertion of foreign genes into the genomes of gram negative bacteria not closely related to Escherichia coli. The system consists of two components: special E. coli donor strains and derivatives of E. coli vector plasmids. The donor strains (called mobilizing strains) carry the transfer genes of the broad host range IncP–type plasmid RP4 integrated in their chromosomes. They can utilize any gram negative bacterium as a recipient for conjugative DNA transfer. The vector plasmids contain the P–type specific recognition site for mobilization (Mob site) and can be mobilized with high frequency from the donor strains. The mobilizable vectors are derived from the commonly used E. coli vectors pACYC184, pACYC177, and pBR325, and are unable to replicate in strains outside the enteric bacterial group. Therefore, they are widely applicable as transposon carrier replicons for random transposon insertion mutagenesis in any strain into which they can be mobilized but not stably maintained. The vectors are especially useful for site–directed transposon mutagenesis and for site–specific gene transfer in a wide variety of gram negative organisms.
7,278 citations
TL;DR: Plasmid expression vectors have been constructed that direct the synthesis of foreign polypeptides in Escherichia coli as fusions with the C terminus of Sj26, a 26-kDa glutathione S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) encoded by the parasitic helminth Schistosoma japonicum.
Abstract: Plasmid expression vectors have been constructed that direct the synthesis of foreign polypeptides in Escherichia coli as fusions with the C terminus of Sj26, a 26-kDa glutathione S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) encoded by the parasitic helminth Schistosoma japonicum. In the majority of cases, fusion proteins are soluble in aqueous solutions and can be purified from crude bacterial lysates under non-denaturing conditions by affinity chromatography on immobilised glutathione. Using batch wash procedures several fusion proteins can be purified in parallel in under 2 h with yields of up to 15 micrograms protein/ml of culture. The vectors have been engineered so that the GST carrier can be cleaved from fusion proteins by digestion with site-specific proteases such as thrombin or blood coagulation factor Xa, following which, the carrier and any uncleaved fusion protein can be removed by absorption on glutathione-agarose. This system has been used successfully for the expression and purification of more than 30 different eukaryotic polypeptides.
6,003 citations
Book•
01 Jun 1987
4,940 citations