Showing papers on "Ether published in 1969"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The data obtained in this investigation of human tissues agree with previous observations from animal experiments, i.e., high levels of glyceryl ethers are a characteristic biochemical feature of neoplasia.
Abstract: Summary The alkyl and alk-1-enyl glyceryl ether content of the neutral glyceride and phosphoglyceride fractions of 17 different human tumors and 19 normal human tissues was quantitatively determined. Neoplastic tissues generally contained much higher quantities of ether-linked neutral glycerides (primarily the alkyl type) than most normal tissues. Alkyl ethers in the phosphoglyceride fraction were also higher in most neoplasms, although the difference from normal tissues was not so pronounced as that observed for the glyceryl ethers present in the neutral glyceride fraction. The data obtained in this investigation of human tissues agree with previous observations from animal experiments, i.e., high levels of glyceryl ethers are a characteristic biochemical feature of neoplasia. The data have also shown the relative proportions of alkyl and alk-1-enyl ethers of glycerol in a variety of healthy human tissues. The highest quantities of glyceryl ethers were found in the neutral glyceride fraction of heart and kidney and in the phosphoglyceride fraction of lung, brain, spleen, larynx, heart, colon, and testes.
196 citations
TL;DR: O- methyloxime trimethylsilyl ether derivatives and O-methyloxime acetyl derivatives of prostaglandins containing a β-ketol system in the five membered ring and in some cases an additional keto group in the side chain have been found to be stable during gas chromatography.
137 citations
Patent•
27 Oct 1969TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a protocol that requires that the Reception of TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE MONOMER and FLUOROVINYL ETHER MONOMERS can be conducted by AQUEOUS POLYMERIZATION of the MONOMers by a process that this paper required that the REATION be carried out at about 50 to 110 *C.
Abstract: TOUGH, STABLE COPOLYMERS OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE MONOMER AND FLUOROVINYL ETHER MONOMERS CAN BE PRODUCED BY AQUEOUS POLYMERIZATION OF THE MONOMERS BY A PROCESS THAT REQUIRES THAT THE REATION BE CARRIED OUT AT FROM ABOUT 50 TO 110*C. IN THE PRESENCE OF A WATER-SOLUBLE INITIATOR SUCH AS AMMONIUM PERSULFATE, AN EMULSIFYING AGENT AND A GASEOUS CHAIN TRANSFER AGENT SUCH AS HYDROGEN, METHANE OR ETHANE.
118 citations
Patent•
24 Nov 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, the detergent compositions containing a water-soluble organic detergent compound and as a builder therefore the normal alkali metal, ammonium or alkanol amine amine salts of ether polycarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of oxydisuccinic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid and hydrofuran tetracarboxyric acid.
Abstract: There are disclosed herein detergent compositions containing a water-soluble organic detergent compound and as a builder therefore the normal alkali metal, ammonium or alkanol amine salts of ether polycarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of oxydisuccinic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid and hydrofuran tetracarboxylic acid.
74 citations
Patent•
22 Apr 1969TL;DR: In this article, stable copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene monomer and fluorovinyl ether monomer were produced by polymerizing the monomers in perfluorinated or suitable nonperfluorinated hydrogen and chlorine containing fluorocarbon solvents by a process that requires that the reaction be carried out at from about 30° to about 75° C.
Abstract: Tough, stable copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene monomer and fluorovinyl ether monomers can be produced by polymerizing the monomers in perfluorinated or suitable non-perfluorinated hydrogen and chlorine containing fluorocarbon solvents by a process that requires that the reaction be carried out at from about 30° to about 75° C. in the presence of a low temperature initiator such as bis(perfluoro propionyl) peroxide and a hydrogen containing chain transfer agent such as methanol.
73 citations
TL;DR: The data indicate that in preputial glands of mice the intermediary pathways or enzymatic sites responsible for the biosynthesis of fatty alcohol, and to some extent fatty acids, in the waxes must be identical to those pathways or sites responsiblefor the biosynthetic of the alkyl chains of glyceryl ether diesters.
71 citations
Patent•
21 May 1969TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a blend of a stylized version of a polygonal ETHER with a stryne resin to improve the FAME RETARDANCY of the original ETHER.
Abstract: THIS INVENTION IS FOR A BLEND OF A POLYPHENYLENE ETHER AND A STYRENE RESIN CHARACTERIZED BY THE ADDITION OF FLAME RETARDANT COMBINATION COMPRISING AN AROMATIC PHOSPHATE AND AN AROMATIC HALOGEN COMPOUND. THE POLYPHENYLENE ETHERS ARE KNOWN TO HAVE EXCELLENT FLAME RETARDENT PROPERTIES WHILE THE SRYRENE RESINS ARE KNOWN TO HAVE POOR FLAME RETARDANT PROPERTIES. THE ADMIXTURE OF A POLYPHENYLENE ETHER WITH A STYENE RESIN DESTROYS THE FAME RETARDANCY OF THE POLYPHENYLENE ETHERS. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PRESENT INVENTION, IT HAS BEEN FOUJD THAT THE ADDITION OF A COMBINATION OF AN AROMATIC PHOSPHATE AND AND AROMATIC HALOGEN COMPOUND IN SMALL AMOUNTS TO A BLEND OF POLYPHENYLENE ETHER AND A STRYRENE RESIN IMPROVES THE FLAME RETARDENT PROPERTIES OF THE BLEND TO A POINT WHERE IT SATISFIES THE REQUIREMENTS SET FORTH BY THE UNDERWRITERS'' LABORATORY.
67 citations
TL;DR: An active enzyme complex capable of converting intact l- 14 C-labeled fatty alcohols into alkyl glyceryl ethers is described, which has been demonstrated in whole homogenates and in microsomal-plus-supernatant fractions of transplantable preputial tumors in mice.
67 citations
TL;DR: In parallel to the change of the permeability of the vesicular membranes membranal lipids are removed by the ether treatment, higher concentrations of ether which inhibit the transport ATPase remove neutral lipids and phospholipids.
Abstract: 1
The calcium permeability of the sarcoplasmic vesicles is greatly increased when vesicular suspensions are extracted with ether.
2
A 7–8% v/v aqueous ether solution abolishes the calcium concentrating ability of the vesicles completely. The calcium remaining in the solution permanently activates the calcium magnesium dependent ATPase.
3
In parallel to the change of the permeability of the vesicular membranes membranal lipids are removed by the ether treatment. Concentrations of ether which produce a maximal permeability increase only extract cholesterol esters. Higher concentrations of ether which inhibit the transport ATPase remove neutral lipids and phospholipids. The basic ATPase is not affected.
64 citations
64 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the new phases OV-1 and OV17 were compared with QF-1 in the gas chromatographic analysis of 80 methyl 5β- and 5α-cholanoates and their complete trimethylsilyl (TMSi) ethers.
TL;DR: The role of active sites has been investigated by poisoning the catalyst with pyridine, Na + ions, perylene, and tetracyanoethylene; both acids and bases inhibit dehydration.
TL;DR: The trimethylsilyl ether derivatives of ceramide monohexosides have been separated by gas-liquid chromatography according to carbon number and can be analyzed by mass spectrometry with respect to the constituent long chain base, fatty acid and hexose.
Patent•
02 Jul 1969TL;DR: In this paper, the use of Alpha -substituted benzoin ethers as photosensitizers was proposed to solve the problem of insufficient reactive properties of the polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond.
Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds which contain at least one activated carbon-carbon double bond and which can be polymerized by ultraviolet irradiation and to mixtures of such compounds to which special benzoins substituted in the Alpha position are added as photosensitizers While the addition of known photosensitizers of this kind to the polymerizable compounds has the disadvantages that the compositions are insufficiently reactive when irradiated with ultraviolet rays and especially their stability in dark storage is quite unsatisfactory, these disadvantages are avoided by the use of Alpha -substituted benzoin ethers as photosensitizers according to the invention
TL;DR: A large number of neutral compounds, including alcohols, phytochemical compounds and organic acids, were found in whole cultures grown in 6 ml of chopped meat – glucose medium.
Abstract: Whole cultures grown in 6 ml of chopped meat – glucose medium (CMG) were acidified and extracted with ethyl ether or chloroform to obtain organic acids, and neutral compounds including alcohols, ph...
TL;DR: Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) (I) was metalated with butyllithium in tetrahydrofuran and with the N,N, N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine complex of butyllityium in a variety of solvents as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) (I) was metalated with butyllithium in tetrahydrofuran and with the N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine complex of butyllithium in a variety of solvents. In these cases, metalation occurred at both the ring and side chain positions, the former being preferred initially. Subsequently, there was an isomerization in favor of the side chain.
At 25°C, there is no significant amount of polymer scission or crosslinking during metalation, but some crosslinking occurs on derivatizing with dimethyl sulfate and trimethylchlorosilane for high extents of ring metalation. With sodium and potassium alkyls, only side-chain metalation was observed. The metalated polymer reacts as a typical organometallic, allowing polymer modification by a wide variety of reactions.
TL;DR: In this article, a water-insoluble derivative of β-amylase by coupling with a 2-hydroxy-3-(p -isothiocyanatophenoxy)propyl ether of cellulose is described.
TL;DR: The possible transition state conformations (chair (S), boat (W), and twist (T), respectively cross (K) forms) and methods for their determination in the thermal ortho-CLAISEN rearrangement of allyl aryl ethers are discussed in this article.
Abstract: The possible transition state conformations (chair (S), boat (W), and twist (T), respectively cross (K) forms) and methods for their determination in the thermal ortho-CLAISEN rearrangement of allyl aryl ethers are discussed.
Crotyl 3,5-dimethylphenyl ether (11) gives a mixture of 2-(α-methylallyl)-3,5-dimethyl-phenol (12) and 4-crotyl-3,5-dimethyl-phenol (13) on heating in N, N-diethylaniline. Values of 3 and 31 were obtained for the ratio of 12/13 for trans-11 and cis-11, respectively. It therefore follows that both ethers rearrange steroselectively ( > 90%) by the S or W forms of the activated complex.
αMethylallyl 6-alkylphenyl ethers rearrange on heating in various solvents to a mixture of trans-and cis-2-crotyl-6-alkyl-phenols. The amount of the cis-phenols in the rearrangement products decreases with the increasing bulk of the 6-alkyl substituent. This result is only obvious if the chair form of the transition state during the rearrangement of these ethers is highly favoured.
trans-Crotyl 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether (trans-33) rearranges highly steroselectively (94%) on heating to trans-4-crotyl-2,6-dimethyl-phenol (trans-34). In the case of the corresponding cis ether 33, the rapid cis trans isomerisation of this ether and the cis/trans ratio of the phenol 34 indicate that the reverse rearrangement of the intermediate ortho-dienone to the ether 33 and the further rearrangement to 4-crotyl-2,6-dimethyl-phenol (34) has little stereoselective character.
TL;DR: Perfluoro-n-heptyl iodide and 1.5 molar equivalents of n-butyllithium in diethyl ether or halide-free diethryl ether/pentane undergo 40-50% halogen-metal exchange below −90° and form a stable heterogeneous system as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the enthalpies of mixing of the branched chain ethers are not simple and appear to show both inductive and steric effects when the chain branching occurs near the oxygen.
TL;DR: The lipid composition of L-M cells, a variant of L -cells that can be grown in a lipid-free, chemically defined medium in the absence of serum, has been determined and the tumors induced by injecting L-m cells into mice are rich sources of glyceryl ethers.
TL;DR: In this article, the mechanism of the reaction of triarylsulfonium bromide with phenyllithium in ether was investigated and it was shown that the reaction proceeds through two mechanistic routes, i.e., one involving the nucleophilic attack of phenyl anion on the sulfur atom (about 70%) and the other the "benzyne" route (about 20%).
Abstract: Tritolylsulfonium bromide was subjected to alkaline decomposition in order to clarify the mechanism of the reaction of triarylsulfonium bromide with phenyllithium in ether. Diaryl sulfides, diaryls, and other aryl derivatives were obtained and the combined yield was nearly quantitative. On the basis of the ratio of the products formed in the reaction, the alkaline decomposition is considered to proceed through two mechanistic routes, i. e., one involving the nucleophilic attack of phenyl anion on the sulfur atom (about 70%) and the other the “benzyne” route (about 20%).
Patent•
Esso1
TL;DR: In this article, the unsaturated alcohols and ethers are prepared through the reaction of C4 to C6 aliphatic conjugated diolefins with water, a lower alkanol or mixtures thereof in the presence of a zero valent palladium based catalyst system.
Abstract: Unsaturated alcohols and ethers are prepared through the reaction of C4 to C6 aliphatic conjugated diolefins with water, a lower alkanol or mixtures thereof in the presence of a zero valent palladium based catalyst system. The preferred catalyst is tetrakis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium alone or in combination with a basic material such as a quaternary ammonium hydroxide. Where one of the coreactants is water, the reaction is conducted in the presence of a solvent. The unsaturated alcohol and ether products can be catalytically hydrogenated to plasticizer alcohols and ether solvent media.
Patent•
16 Jun 1969TL;DR: In this article, a die mandrel with an electrically conductive outer surface was dipped into an aqueous thermal gelling solution containing at least 20 wt percent of a filmforming hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose ether.
Abstract: The dip-coating process for preparing cellulose ether film products is improved by (A) dipping a die mandrel with an electrically conductive outer surface into an aqueous thermal gelling solution containing at least 20 wt percent of a filmforming hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose ether, (B) removing the coated die mandrel from the aqueous solution, (C) rapidly converting the coating into a nonflowing cellulose ether gel by induction heating, and thereafter (D) drying the gelled coating to form a stable film product This process is particularly useful in making water-soluble, pharmaceutical capsule shells
TL;DR: A microsomal enzyme system that can synthesize alkyl ether linkages in glycerolipids has been isolated from the digestive glands and gonads of the starfish, Asterias forbesi, and the products produced have chromatographic properties identical to those which have been found in microsomes from neoplastic cells.
Patent•
04 Apr 1969
TL;DR: A CONTROLLED REDUCTION of the VISCOSITY of a CELLULOSE ETHER is achieved by blending an ESSENTIALLY DRY, FREE-FOWING PARTICULATE CELLULE ETHER with a predefined amount of hydrogen peroxide as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A CONTROLLED REDUCTION OF THE VISCOSITY OF A CELLULOSE ETHER IS ACHIEVED BY BLENDING AN ESSENTIALLY DRY, FREEFOWING PARTICULATE CELLULOSE ETHER WITH A PREDETERMINED AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, HEATING THE BLENDED CELLULOSE ETHER AT ABOUT 50*-150*C. TO REACT SUBSTANTIALLY ALL THE ADDED HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, AND RECOVERING A LOWER VISCOSITY, PARTICULATE CELLULOSE ETHER HAVING AN INTRINSIC FLUIDITY GREATER THAN THE INITIAL CELLULOSE ETHER. HIGH YIELDS AND A READILY CONTROLLED VISCOSITY REDUCTION AE OBTAINED.
TL;DR: In this article, the 19F NMR spectra of a number of oxygen-containing fluorocarbon products were examined and a comprehensive set of 19F chemical shift values were obtained, which enabled us to determine the influence of an oxygen atom bonded to a fluoroccarbon group on the 19f chemical shift.
Abstract: We have examined the 19F NMR spectra of a number of oxygen-containing fluorocarbon products and obtained a comprehensive set of 19F chemical shift values, which enabled us to determine the influence of an oxygen atom bonded to a fluorocarbon group on the 19F chemical shift. The influence of neighbouring fluorocarbon groups, either directly connected or separated by an oxygen atom, was also considered.
Our results may be summarized as follows. An oxygen atom bonded by a single bond (ether type bond) to a fluorine substituted carbon atom decreases the 19F chemical shift, as does the introduction of a further fluorine atom. Considering two adjacent fluorocarbon groups, a variation of x ppm in the 19F chemical shift of one of the two groups gives a variation of 0·12 x ppm in the opposite sense on the 19F chemical shift of the other group. If the two groups are connected by an ether oxygen atom, the effect is only about 0·06 x ppm.
Patent•
08 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the most common contours of the CYCLOPHOSPHARIA-RIBOFURANOAIDE-3'',5''-CYCLOPS PHOSPHORUS OXYHALIDE-6-Z-PURINE-URINE, where each contour can be divided into three types of contours: 2-B,7,2,3,2-CH2-O-P(=O)(-OH)-O-), 4-Y-FUR
Abstract: NOVEL PURINE-RIBOFURANOAIDE-3'',5''-CYCLOPHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA: 2-B,7-(2,3-(-CH2-O-P(=O)(-OH)-O-),4-Y-FURAN-5-YL),6-Z- PURINE WHEREIN B IS A HYDROGEN ATOM OR A HYDROXYXYL OR AMINO GROUP; Z IS A HALOGEN ATOM, AN ETHER GROUP OR A MONOOR DISUBSTITUTED AMINO GROUP WHEN X IS A HYDROGEN ATOM AND OTHERWISE Z IS A HYDROGEN ATOM, A HYDROXYL GROUP OR AN UNSUBSTITUTED AMINO GROUP, Y IS A HYDROXYL GROUP OR, WHEN X IS OTHER THAN A HYDROGEN ATOM, Y IS A HYDROGEN ATOM AND X IS A HYDROGEN OR HALOGEN ATOM, A HYDROXYL GROUP, AN ETHER GROUP, A SULPHYDRYL GROUP, A THIOETHER GROUP OR AN UNSUBSTITUTED OR SUBSTITUTED AMINO GROUP; AND THE SALTS THEREOF, ARE PROVIDED; THESE COMPOUNDS CAN BE PREPARED BY REACTING THE CORRESPONDING CYCLOPHOSPHATE WHEREIN Y AND Z IN THE ABOVE FORMULA ARE HYDROXY, AND X IS HYDROGEN, WITH (A) PHOSPHORUS OXYHALIDE AFTER ACYLATION OR (B) MOLECULAR HALOGEN IN ALKALINE MEDIUM, TO FORM THE CORRESPONDING (A)6-HALO OR (B) 8-HALO COMPOUND, AND THE 6- OR 8-HALO COMPOUND THEREBY OBTAINED IS CONVERTED, IF NECESSARY, INTO THE CORRESPONDING DESIRED COMPOUND BY, E.G., REACTING THE HALO COMPOUND WITH AN ALCOHOL OR ALCOHOLATE TO GIVE THE CORRESPONDING ETHER; OR WITH AMMONIA OR AN AMINE TO GIVE THE CORRESPONDING AMINO COMPOUND; OR WITH HYDRAZINE TO GIVE THE CORRESPONDING HYDRAZIDE; OR WITH THIOUREA OR AN ALKYL SULFIDE TO GIVE THE CORRESPONDING SULPHHYDRYL COMPOUND, WHICH CAN IN TURN BE CONVERTED TO THE THIOETHER COMPOUNDS.