Showing papers on "Ether published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this paper , a new solvent, 2,2-dimethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolane (DTDL), was proposed to combine cyclic fluorinated ether with a linear ether segment to simultaneously achieve high voltage stability and tune lithium ion solvation ability and structure.
Abstract: Abstract The development of new solvents is imperative in lithium metal batteries due to the incompatibility of conventional carbonate and narrow electrochemical windows of ether-based electrolytes. Whereas the fluorinated ethers showed improved electrochemical stabilities, they can hardly solvate lithium ions. Thus, the challenge in electrolyte chemistry is to combine the high voltage stability of fluorinated ethers with high lithium ion solvation ability of ethers in a single molecule. Herein, we report a new solvent, 2,2-dimethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolane (DTDL), combining a cyclic fluorinated ether with a linear ether segment to simultaneously achieve high voltage stability and tune lithium ion solvation ability and structure. High oxidation stability up to 5.5 V, large lithium ion transference number of 0.75 and stable Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% after 500 cycles proved the potential of DTDL in high-voltage lithium metal batteries. Furthermore, 20 μm thick lithium paired LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 full cell incorporating 2 M LiFSI-DTDL electrolyte retained 84% of the original capacity after 200 cycles at 0.5 C.
80 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the ion-solvent interactions tuning strategy was proposed to suppress the co-intercalation behavior, enhance the potassium metal performance, and improve the oxidation stability of graphite anode.
Abstract: Conventional ether-based electrolytes exhibited low polarization voltage in potassium ion batteries, yet suffered from ion-solvent co-intercalation phenomenon in graphite anode, inferior potassium metal performance, and limited oxidation stability. Here, we revealed that weaken the cation-solvent interactions could suppress the co-intercalation behaviour, enhance the potassium metal performance, and improve the oxidation stability. Consequently, the graphite anode exhibits K + intercalation behaviour (K||graphite cell operates 200 cycles with 86.6% capacity retention), the potassium metal shows highly stable plating/stripping (K||Cu cell delivers 550 cycles with average Coulombic efficiency of 98.9%) and dendrite-free (symmetric K||K cell operates over 1400 hours) properties, and the electrolyte exhibits high oxidation stability up to 4.4 V. The ion-solvent interactions tuning strategy provides a promising method to develop high performance electrolytes and beyond.
58 citations
TL;DR: Trang et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFCAs) can be mineralized through a sodium hydroxide-mediated defluorination pathway.
Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent, bioaccumulative pollutants found in water resources at concentrations harmful to human health. Whereas current PFAS destruction strategies use nonselective destruction mechanisms, we found that perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) could be mineralized through a sodium hydroxide–mediated defluorination pathway. PFCA decarboxylation in polar aprotic solvents produced reactive perfluoroalkyl ion intermediates that degraded to fluoride ions (78 to ~100%) within 24 hours. The carbon-containing intermediates and products were inconsistent with oft-proposed one-carbon-chain shortening mechanisms, and we instead computationally identified pathways consistent with many experiments. Degradation was also observed for branched perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids and might be extended to degrade other PFAS classes as methods to activate their polar headgroups are identified. Description Forever chemicals’ Achilles’ heel Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been referred to as “forever chemicals” because of their resistance to most biological and chemical degradation mechanisms. Most current methods use very harsh conditions to decompose these compounds. Trang et al. found that there is a potential weak spot in carboxylic acid–containing PFAS: Decarboxylation in polar, non-protic solvents yields a carbanion that rapidly decomposes (see the Perspective by Joudan and Lundgren). The authors used computational work and experiments to show that this process involves fluoride elimination, hydroxide addition, and carbon–carbon bond scission. The initial decarboxylation step is rate limiting, and subsequent defluorination and chain shortening steps occur through a series of low barrier steps. The procedure can accommodate perfluoroether carboxylic acids, although sulfonic acids are not currently compatible. —MAF Mechanistic insights into a decarboxylation–defluorination pathway inform methods for perfluorocarboxylic acid mineralization.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the first comprehensive compilation and analysis of the structures of U.S. FDA-approved molecules containing phenol or phenolic ether fragments, which are strongly represented by natural products.
Abstract: Phenols and phenolic ethers are significant scaffolds recurring both in nature and among approved small-molecule pharmaceuticals. This compendium presents the first comprehensive compilation and analysis of the structures of U.S. FDA-approved molecules containing phenol or phenolic ether fragments. This dataset comprises 371 structures, which are strongly represented by natural products. A total of 55 of the compounds described here are on the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines. Structural analysis reveals significant differences in the physicochemical properties imparted by phenols versus phenol ethers, each having benefits and drawbacks for drug developability. Despite trends over the past decade to increase the fraction of sp3 centers in drug leads, thereby "escaping flatland", phenols and phenolic ethers are represented in 62% of small-molecule drugs approved in 2020, suggesting that this aromatic moiety holds a special place in drugs and natural products.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a rationally designed chloroether-based electrolyte with chlorine functionality on ether molecular structure was proposed to address the issues of inherent low anodic stability and high flammability hind the deployment of the etherbased electrolytes in practical highvoltage lithium metal batteries.
Abstract: The issues of inherent low anodic stability and high flammability hinder the deployment of the ether-based electrolytes in practical high-voltage lithium metal batteries. Here, we report a rationally designed ether-based electrolyte with chlorine functionality on ether molecular structure to address these critical challenges. The chloroether-based electrolyte demonstrates a high Li Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% and a high capacity retention >88% over 200 cycles for Ni-rich cathodes at an ultrahigh cut-off voltage of 4.6 V (stable even up to 4.7 V). The chloroether-based electrolyte not only greatly improves electrochemical stabilities of Ni-rich cathodes under ultrahigh voltages with interphases riched in LiF and LiCl, but possesses the intrinsic nonflammable safety feature owing to the flame-retarding ability of chlorine functional groups. This study offers a new approach to enable ether-based electrolytes for high energy density, long-life and safe Li metal batteries.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a three-functional ether-based co-solvent, tetraglyme (G4), has been rationally designed to decrease the reactivity of water on the basis of disclosing the functioning mechanism of a set of ethers.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a flexible gas and humidity sensor based on poly(ether-ether-ketone) was proposed. But the authors did not consider the performance of the PEEK sputtered and polymerized sensors.
Abstract: Currently, there are still many challenges to fabricate flexible humidity sensors with excellent properties in large-scale production. In this paper, a new and convenient method was proposed to prepare flexible humidity sensors, which were composed with interdigital electrode (LIG-IDE) of laser-induced graphene on flexible substrates of poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) and impedance-type hygroscopic film by PEEK sputtering and polymerization. The humidity sensors displayed good humidity sensing properties with high sensitivity, fast response/recovery time (4.2/6.8 s), and a wide operating range of relative humidity (11% RH~97% RH). In the mechanism study of PEEK sputtered and polymerized humidity sensors, we found that the impedance-humidity response can be attributed to hydrophilic functional groups formed on the polymer chains by moist aging with oxidation. The above humidity sensitive advantages extended the flexible sensor's versatility, including contactless humidity sensing and breath detection for human applications. Therefore, a high-performance flexible humidity sensor entirely based on the PEEK polymer material is reported here, which provides a novel approach for the development of flexible gas and humidity sensors. • A flexible humidity sensor all derived from poly(ether-ether-ketone) is proposed. • The humidity sensitive films have good response linearity and long-time stability. • The flexible substrates with electrodes are composed of laser-induced graphene. • The humidity sensor has fast response, recovery time and wide operating range. • The sensors can be applied for non-contact sensing and respiratory monitoring.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the synthesis of a new high-voltage fluorinated ether solvent through integrated ring-chain molecular design is reported, which can be used as a single solvent while retaining highvoltage stability.
Abstract: Abstract Ether‐based electrolytes offer promising features such as high lithium‐ion solvation power and stable interface, yet their limited oxidation stability impedes application in high‐voltage Li‐metal batteries (LMBs). Whereas the fluorination of the ether backbone improves the oxidative stability, the resulting solvents lose their Li+‐solvation ability. Therefore, the rational molecular design of solvents is essential to combine high redox stability with good ionic conductivity. Here, we report the synthesis of a new high‐voltage fluorinated ether solvent through integrated ring‐chain molecular design, which can be used as a single solvent while retaining high‐voltage stability. The controlled Li+‐solvation environment even at low‐salt‐concentration (1 M or 2 M) enables a uniform and compact Li anode and an outstanding cycling stability in the Li|NCM811 full cell (20 μm Li foil, N/P ratio of 4). These results show the impact of molecular design of electrolytes towards the utilization of LMBs.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors provided microscopic and spectroscopic evidences for forming beneficial CEI ether on 4.3 V cut-off-voltage fluorophosphate cathode in ether electrolyte and elucidated its key role in SIB chemistry.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a partially fluorinated ether of bis (2,2-difluoroethyl) ether (BDE) is proposed as a bifunctional co-solvent to form novel localized high concentration electrolytes for realizing dendrite-free and long-term lithium metal batteries.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a novel zwitterionic poly(aryl ether oxadiazole) containing benzimidazole (ZB-PAEO) was synthesized through a two-step process consisting of low-temperature polycondensation and quaternization.
01 Apr 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) was synthesized by direct polycondensation reaction and functionalized by 1-vinylimidazole to prepare the polymer matrix (Im-PEEK).
Abstract: In this work, poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) was synthesized by direct polycondensation reaction. Subsequently, PEEK was functionalized by 1-vinylimidazole to prepare the polymer matrix (Im-PEEK). Cationic UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic frameworks (C-MOF) were synthesized as fillers. The structure of the C-MOF and the morphology of the membranes were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The prepared hybrid membranes exhibited excellent alkali stability, among which Im-PEEK/C-MOF-1% could retain 89.2% of the conductivity compared to the original membrane after immersing in 1 mol L−1 NaOH solution for 320 h at 60 °C. In addition, the ionic conductivity of Im-PEEK/C-MOF-1% was 73 mS cm−1 at 80 °C, which was higher than that of pure Im-PEEK under the same condition (44.3 mS cm−1 at 80 °C). The results showed that the hybrid membranes have great potential for application in the field of anion exchange membranes.
TL;DR: In this paper , hydrophilic crown ether units have been introduced into poly(terphenyl piperidinium) (PDTP) by readily superacid-catalyzed polycondensation of dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DE), p-ter phenyl and N-methyl-4-piperidine followed via quaternization.
TL;DR: In this article , the Co corrole 1 with an appended crown ether unit and its boosted activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was reported, and it was shown that the crown ether of 1 can grab water via hydrogen bonds.
Abstract: Proton transfer is vital for many biological and chemical reactions. Hydrogen-bonded water-containing networks are often found in enzymes to assist proton transfer, but similar strategy has been rarely presented by synthetic catalysts. We herein report the Co corrole 1 with an appended crown ether unit and its boosted activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Crystallographic and 1 H NMR studies proved that the crown ether of 1 can grab water via hydrogen bonds. By using protic acids as proton sources, the HER activity of 1 was largely boosted with added water, while the activity of crown-ether-free analogues showed very small enhancement. Inhibition studies by adding 1) external 18-crown-6-ether to extract water molecules and 2) potassium ion or N-benzyl-n-butylamine to block the crown ether of 1 further confirmed its critical role in assisting proton transfer via grabbed water molecules. This work presents a synthetic example to boost HER through water-containing networks.
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel sulfonated poly(bis-phthalazinone ether ketone ketone)s containing pendant phenyl moieties (SP-BNPs) are prepared from poly (bis-phthane-et al. this paper )s via post-sulfonated modification, and the resulting polymers possess the ion exchange capacity ranging from 0.91 to 1.46mmolg-1 and intrinsic viscosity scattering from 3.9 to 6.4
TL;DR: In this article , a series of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) containing novel guanidinium salts was designed and synthesized through a simple and efficient route, which improved the dimensional stability of the AEM.
TL;DR: Darobactin is a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) which possesses potent activity against various Gram-negative bacteria as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: Darobactin is a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP), which possesses potent activity against various Gram-negative bacteria. Darobactin features a highly unique bicyclic scaffold, consisting of an ether crosslink between two Trp residues and a C-C crosslink between a Lys and a Trp. Here we report in vivo and in vitro activity of darobactin synthase DarE. We show DarE is a radical S-adenosylmethionine (rSAM) enzyme and is solely responsible for forming the bicyclic scaffold of darobactin. DarE mainly produced the ether-crosslinked product in vitro, and when the assay was performed in H218O, apparent 18O incorporation was observed into the ether-crosslinked product. These observations suggested an rSAM-dependent process in darobactin biosynthesis, involving a highly unusual oxygen insertion step from a water molecule and subsequent O-H and C-H activations. Genome mining analysis demonstrates the diversity of darobactin-like biosynthetic gene clusters, a subclade of which likely encode monocyclic products with only an ether linkage. We propose the name daropeptide for this growing family of ether-containing RiPPs produced by DarE enzymes.
TL;DR: In this paper , an ultra-thin reinforced membrane was prepared by using hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BN), high sulfonated poly (ether-ether-ketone) (sPEEK, DS = 81.4%), and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) for low-humidification proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).
TL;DR: Darobactin is a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) which possesses potent activity against various Gram-negative bacteria as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: Darobactin is a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP), which possesses potent activity against various Gram-negative bacteria. Darobactin features a highly unique bicyclic scaffold, consisting of an ether crosslink between two Trp residues and a C-C crosslink between a Lys and a Trp. Here we report in vivo and in vitro activity of darobactin synthase DarE. We show DarE is a radical S-adenosylmethionine (rSAM) enzyme and is solely responsible for forming the bicyclic scaffold of darobactin. DarE mainly produced the ether-crosslinked product in vitro, and when the assay was performed in H218O, apparent 18O incorporation was observed into the ether-crosslinked product. These observations suggested an rSAM-dependent process in darobactin biosynthesis, involving a highly unusual oxygen insertion step from a water molecule and subsequent O-H and C-H activations. Genome mining analysis demonstrates the diversity of darobactin-like biosynthetic gene clusters, a subclade of which likely encode monocyclic products with only an ether linkage. We propose the name daropeptide for this growing family of ether-containing RiPPs produced by DarE enzymes.
TL;DR: In this paper, four AEMs based on aliphatic chain segment imbedding poly(arylene ether sulfone)s bearing salt-terminated side-chains have been prepared for acid enrichment by electrodialysis (ED).
TL;DR: In this paper , a novel sulfonated poly(bis-phthalazinone ether ketone ketone)s containing pendant phenyl moieties (SP-BNPs) are prepared from poly (bis-phthalazinonesinone et al. this paper ) with post-sulfonated modification, and the resulting polymers possess the ion exchange capacity ranging from 0.91 to 1.46 mmol g-1.
TL;DR: In this article , four AEMs based on aliphatic chain segment imbedding poly(arylene ether sulfone)s bearing salt-terminated side-chains have been prepared for acid enrichment by electrodialysis (ED).
TL;DR: In this paper , a series of glycol ethers were used as cosolvents dissolving primary and secondary alkanolamines, and phase transition behavior, CO 2 absorption and desorption characteristics have been investigated for the nonaqueous 5.0 M amine blends.
TL;DR: In this paper , the active fragments of several commercial herbicides were joined by substructure splicing and bioisosterism, and a series of novel diphenyl ether derivatives containing five-membered heterocycles were synthesized.
Abstract: Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4) is an important target for discovering novel herbicides, and it causes bleaching symptoms by inhibiting the synthesis of chlorophyll and heme. In this study, the active fragments of several commercial herbicides were joined by substructure splicing and bioisosterism, and a series of novel diphenyl ether derivatives containing five-membered heterocycles were synthesized. The greenhouse herbicidal activity and the PPO inhibitory activity in vitro were discussed in detail. The results showed that most compounds had good PPO inhibitory activity, and target compounds containing trifluoromethyl groups tended to have higher activity. Among them, compound G4 showed the best inhibitory activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.0468 μmol/L, which was approximately 3 times better than that of oxyfluorfen (IC50 = 0.150 μmol/L). In addition, molecular docking indicated that compound G4 formed obvious π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bond interactions with PHE-392 and ARG-98, respectively. Remarkably, compound G4 had good safety for corn, wheat, rice, and soybean, and the cumulative concentration in crops was lower than that of oxyfluorfen. Therefore, compound G4 can be used to develop potential lead compounds for novel PPO inhibitors.
TL;DR: In this paper , a review summarizes the recent developments from 2019 to 2021 on task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs) with modulable properties by introducing specific functional groups to anions or/and cations for CO2 absorption and conversion.
Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs), by virtue of their special properties such as functional designability and high thermal stability, have been widely used as absorbent to CO2 and catalyst for CO2 conversion. This review summarizes the recent developments from 2019 to 2021 on task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs) with modulable properties by introducing specific functional groups to anions or/and cations for CO2 absorption and conversion. The increase of basicity in TSILs by introducing amino/or amine groups or collaboration with multiple active sites of carboxyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, and hydroxyl groups achieve high CO2 affinity and absorption capacity. To solve the defects of high viscosity, ether groups are introduced to TSILs for CO2 absorption. Besides, recent studies on CO2 thermal catalytic conversion focused on the construction of C–O bonds and C–N bonds are also summarized. The catalytic activity of TSILs is enhanced by improving the synergy effect of different functional groups on anions and cations. It is expected that this minireview will provide the understanding of the current developments and perspective for practical CO2 absorption and transformation by TSILs.
TL;DR: In this paper , the structure of Naomaohu coal was investigated via alkali-oxygen oxidation, ruthenium ion catalyzed oxidation and physical analyses and a representative structural model with a model size of 128,755 amu was constructed.
TL;DR: In this paper , a deep eutectic solvents composed by carboxylic acids and quaternary ammonium salts are proposed for lignocellulose dissolution and pretreatment.