Showing papers on "European union published in 1978"

Towards a new ACP-EC Convention

Abstract: The Lome Convention of 1975, recently described by West Germany's President Scheel as 'practically a model of co-operative partnership between industrialized and developing countries',1 expires on 1 March 1980. Negotiations for a new Convention opened officially in July 1978, and it is probably on their outcome that the European Community's response to the needs of developing countries in the 1980s will be judged in large measure. The African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP)8 states have already expressed disappointment with the Lome partnership to date. President Kaunda of Zambia, addressing the ACP Council meeting in Lusaka in December 1977, voiced their collective suspicion that the nine EC member states have failed to abide by the spirit if not the letter of the ACP-EC agreement. He claimed that the ACP states 'negotiated the Lome Convention in the belief that it would confer on [their] exports terms and conditions more favourable than those granted to the products of other countries. After some two years of implementation of the Convention, [they] now have many reasons to doubt that this is the understanding and policy of the Community.'8 The ACP states clearly fear that their vaunted special relationship with the Nine has yielded few tangible results, especially in the area most important to them boosting their exports to the EC. They seem to have concluded that they placed the admittedly fragile concept of Third World solidarity at risk and braved criticism from the Group of 77 for the sake of EC undertakings which have not meant very much in concrete terms. 1 The Bulletin (Bonn), No. 21, Vol. 26, 1 1 October 1978, p. 1. See also Claude Cheysson, 'Europe and the Third World after Lome', The World Today, June iQ7«i. 2 The 53 ACP are divided into three categories: 29 least developed Benin, Botswana, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Empire, Chad, Comores, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Uganda, Upper Volta, and Western Samoa; the 11 island and landlocked Bahamas, Barbados, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Grenada, Jamaica, Madagascar, Mauritius, Papua-New Guinea, Trinidad and Tobago, and Zambia; and the 13 others Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Surinam, and Zaire. 3 See ACP Council, ACP/365/77 (Min.).

International standard for anti-Brucella abortus serum: comparison of the complement-fixing activity of the first and second international standards and the EEC standard.

Abstract: Although the three standards have similar agglutinating activities, it was found that the first International Standard had about half the complement-fixing activity of the second International Standard and the EEC standard The complement-fixing activities of the latter two standards were similar On the basis of these results, showing that the agglutination and complement-fixation tests measure different biological activities in anti-Brucella abortus sera, the WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization in 1976 assigned separate unitages of agglutinating and complement-fixing activity to the second International Standard for Anti-Brucella abortus Serum

Promoting a European Identity

Abstract: What is it that makes people identify us with Europe? What are Europe’s characteristics which distinguish our continent from others, and which command a greater allegiance than relationships with peoples or countries beyond our continent? Geographically we are a peninsular off the Asian land mass. Our populations are drawn from several families of nations, including Anglo-Saxons, Celts, Latins, Slavs and others. Apart from many individual dialects, Europeans speak more than 30 distinct languages. Links between Britain, for instance, and the so-called white Commonwealth are closer than with the countries across the narrow English Channel. The same applies to the sense of kinship that France enjoys with French Canada, or indeed most Europeans with their equivalent ethnic groups in North and South America.