Showing papers on "European union published in 1979"

British Politics Today

Abstract: Britain since 1945 the social and economic context of British politics political culture changing political ideas the changing party systems the changing constitution the electoral system and representation opinion polls electoral behaviour political recruitment the media and politics the monarchy and the House of Lords the House of Commons the redress of the citizens' grievances the role of the Prime Minister the Civil Service governnemt and economy pressure groups is local government necesary? Britain and the European Union political concepts.

The Emergence of the African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States: An Aspect of African and Caribbean International Cooperation

Abstract: On 6 June 1975, 46 countries, 37 African, 6 Caribbean, and 3 Pacific signed the Georgetown Agreement establishing the African Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP). This agreement represents the culmination of months of cooperation and coordination among these countries in their negotiations to establish a new model of economic cooperation between themselves and the European Economic Community (EEC). Whatever the merits or demerits of the Lome Convention in specific economic, political, and institutional terms, there is general agreement that the protracted negotiations provided an opportunity for the 46 countries to forge links that have had and will continue to have far reaching implications for the efforts at mutual cooperation and effective action between Third World countries, particularly between those in Africa and the Caribbean, on the international scene. Isebill V. Gruhn (1976: 241) has suggested that: The discussions leading up to the Lome Convention and the Convention itself are most likely of greater significance and interest, at least in the short range, to the student of international affairs than to the student of economic development. To the extent that the emergence of the ACP is regarded as one of the most important outcomes of the Lome negotiations, the available evidence tends to support that interpretation. The ACP marks a significant milestone in the years of endeavor to establish an institutional framework for Afro/Caribbean collaboration in international relations. It has long been accepted that on several of the major issues confronting the international community such as imperialism, colonialism and neo-colonialism, apartheid, and the restructuring of the international system, Africa and Caribbean have had similar interests. While these interests have been articulated by the various states at different international meetings, they have lacked an institutional arrangement for their harmonization and joint orchestration.

Institutions and objectives in transport policy

Abstract: In this article the author examines the conflicts in the transport industry sector between: the EEC and the United Kingdom; central government and the nationalised industries; central and local government; and, local government and transport operators. It is concluded that continual reappraisals of government policy are necessary to ensure that institutional planning and transport operational objectives are consistent with the realities of political power. /TRRL/

Transport in the european communities

Abstract: The article reviews the development of transport policy within common market countries and suggests reasons for lack of progress in certain policy areas. Two factors have made it possible for individual countries to follow nationalistic policies with respect to transport. Firstly, vagueness in the wording of the transport treaty has allowed different interpretations of its aims, and secondly, with no discrimination in transport rates on a nationality basis, failure to achieve a common policy was not seen as preventing the basic aims of the treaty from being achieved. It is suggested that future policies should concentrate on harmonization of such factors as formalities and price discrimination if progress is to be made.

Counselling in the European Economic Community.

Abstract: Counselling is becoming increasingly important in modern general practice and the relationship between counsellors and general practitioners varies in different places and in different countries. Through a Stanning Overseas Fellowship I had the opportunity of examining this relationship in several countries in Europe in order to compare and contrast arrangements.

An intelligent person's guide to post-war Britain

Abstract: The aim of this book is to explode the myth that the United Kingdom is now a tired and run-down country still dreaming of, if not living in, its class-ridden imperial past. It departs from the view that the country's history should be a cause for shame, and that in order to reverse its well-merited decline it has to adopt such extreme solutions as those of Chapter 88, devolution or rule from Brussels. Instead, the author puts Britain's "relative decline" into historical perspective and suggests that the country is on the brink of a prosperous future - as long as it withdraws from the European Union. The author shows that the major causes of the nation's decline - the effects of world war, the role of sterling as a reserve currency, its endemically bad industrial relations - are now behind it, and that the only shackle on future progress is its membership of the EU. In the course of the analysis, the author looks at Britain's political institutions, social and legal structures and foreign relations.

Some recent thinking on freight transport pricing in france and switzerland

Abstract: In his early article on the European Common transport policy [1], Denys Munby was very critical of the proposals for detailed control of freight rates. At a time when British policy was being liberalised it appeared that EEC policy, under the in fluence of French and German domestic policy, was going to be essentially restrictive and controlled. It may be an appropriate tribute to Munby, therefore, to consider some recent developments in thought on transport policy in Europe, particularly as the conclusions now being reached appear to coincide closely with those argued by Munby some 15 years ago. In two recent studies (one conducted in France [2], the other in Switzerland [3]) on the general organisation of the transport system, the problem of freight transport pricing is shown in a new light. Both these very recently published reports, produced by expert commissions, were originally inspired by increasing dissatisfaction with current transport policies, and particularly with the constantly heavier financial commitments by governments to cover the deficits incurred by railways. As flagging economic growth stretched the deficits to the limits of what the public purse could bear, it was judged necessary in both France and Switzerland to do some careful thinking on the organisation of the transport market in order to determine fresh guidelines for transport policy during the coming years. Here we will briefly review the main conclusions of these studies, with special emphasis on the recommendations concerning transport pricing. These recommen dations run very much counter to the interventionist practices which have so far been a feature of transport policy, and to the transport pricing principles adopted by many countries.