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Showing papers on "Evolutionary computation published in 2003"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study provides a rigorous analysis of the limitations underlying this type of quality assessment in multiobjective evolutionary algorithms and develops a mathematical framework which allows one to classify and discuss existing techniques.
Abstract: An important issue in multiobjective optimization is the quantitative comparison of the performance of different algorithms. In the case of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms, the outcome is usually an approximation of the Pareto-optimal set, which is denoted as an approximation set, and therefore the question arises of how to evaluate the quality of approximation sets. Most popular are methods that assign each approximation set a vector of real numbers that reflect different aspects of the quality. Sometimes, pairs of approximation sets are also considered. In this study, we provide a rigorous analysis of the limitations underlying this type of quality assessment. To this end, a mathematical framework is developed which allows one to classify and discuss existing techniques.

3,702 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The performance of evolutionary programs on ELD problems is examined and modifications to the basic technique are proposed, where adaptation is based on scaled cost and adaptation based on an empirical learning rate are developed.
Abstract: Evolutionary programming has emerged as a useful optimization tool for handling nonlinear programming problems. Various modifications to the basic method have been proposed with a view to enhance speed and robustness and these have been applied successfully on some benchmark mathematical problems. But few applications have been reported on real-world problems such as economic load dispatch (ELD). The performance of evolutionary programs on ELD problems is examined and presented in this paper in two parts. In Part I, modifications to the basic technique are proposed, where adaptation is based on scaled cost. In Part II, evolutionary programs are developed with adaptation based on an empirical learning rate. Absolute, as well as relative, performance of the algorithms are investigated on ELD problems of different size and complexity having nonconvex cost curves where conventional gradient-based methods are inapplicable.

1,207 citations


BookDOI
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: This work extends the application of CPSO to the dynamic problem by considering a bi-modal parabolic environment of high spatial and temporal severity, and suggests that charged swarms perform best in the extreme cases, but neutral swarms are better optimizers in milder environments.
Abstract: Charged particle swarm optimization (CPSO) is well suited to the dynamic search problem since inter-particle repulsion maintains population diversity and good tracking can be achieved with a simple algorithm. This work extends the application of CPSO to the dynamic problem by considering a bi-modal parabolic environment of high spatial and temporal severity. Two types of charged swarms and an adapted neutral swarm are compared for a number of different dynamic environments which include extreme ‘needle-inthe-haystack’ cases. The results suggest that charged swarms perform best in the extreme cases, but neutral swarms are better optimizers in milder environments.

873 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach to generate well-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions of the multiobjective EED problem in one single run and the comparison with the classical techniques demonstrates the superiority of the suggested approach and confirms its potential to solve the multi objective E ED problem.
Abstract: This paper presents a new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch (EED) problem. The EED problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem. A new strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA) based approach is proposed to handle the EED as a true multiobjective optimization problem with competing and noncommensurable objectives. The proposed approach employs a diversity-preserving mechanism to overcome the premature convergence and search bias problems. A hierarchical clustering algorithm is also imposed to provide the decision maker with a representative and manageable Pareto-optimal set. Moreover, fuzzy set theory is employed to extract the best compromise nondominated solution. Several optimization runs of the proposed approach have been carried out on a standard test system. The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach to generate well-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions of the multiobjective EED problem in one single run. The comparison with the classical techniques demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach and confirms its potential to solve the multiobjective EED problem. In addition, the extension of the proposed approach to include more objectives is a straightforward process.

683 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
24 Apr 2003
TL;DR: The Sigma method is introduced as a new method for finding best local guides for each particle of the population from a set of Pareto-optimal solutions and the results are compared with the results of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA).
Abstract: In multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) methods, selecting the best local guide (the global best particle) for each particle of the population from a set of Pareto-optimal solutions has a great impact on the convergence and diversity of solutions, especially when optimizing problems with high number of objectives. This paper introduces the Sigma method as a new method for finding best local guides for each particle of the population. The Sigma method is implemented and is compared with another method, which uses the strategy of an existing MOPSO method for finding the local guides. These methods are examined for different test functions and the results are compared with the results of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA).

679 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
24 Apr 2003
TL;DR: This method combines the traditional velocity and position update rules with the ideas of Gaussian mutation and has succeeded in acquiring better results than those by GA and PSO alone.
Abstract: In this paper we present particle swarm optimization with Gaussian mutation combining the idea of the particle swarm with concepts from evolutionary algorithms. This method combines the traditional velocity and position update rules with the ideas of Gaussian mutation. This model is tested and compared with the standard PSO and standard GA. The comparative experiments have been conducted on unimodal functions and multimodal functions. PSO with Gaussian mutation is able to obtain a result superior to GA. We also apply the PSO with Gaussian mutation to a gene network. Consequently, it has succeeded in acquiring better results than those by GA and PSO alone.

553 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper discusses several advanced genetic algorithms that have proved to be efficient in solving difficult design problems and gives an overview of applications of genetic algorithms to different domains of engineering design.
Abstract: Design is a complex engineering activity, in which computers are more and more involved. The design task can often be seen as an optimization problem in which the parameters or the structure describing the best quality design are sought. Genetic algorithms constitute a class of search algorithms especially suited to solving complex optimization problems. In addition to parameter optimization, genetic algorithms are also suggested for solving problems in creative design, such as combining components in a novel, creative way. Genetic algorithms transpose the notions of evolution in Nature to computers and imitate natural evolution. Basically, they find solution(s) to a problem by maintaining a population of possible solutions according to the ‘survival of the fittest’ principle. We present here the main features of genetic algorithms and several ways in which they can solve difficult design problems. We briefly introduce the basic notions of genetic algorithms, namely, representation, genetic operators, fitness evaluation, and selection. We discuss several advanced genetic algorithms that have proved to be efficient in solving difficult design problems. We then give an overview of applications of genetic algorithms to different domains of engineering design.

484 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An experimental analysis on the convergence of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) shows that some chaotic sequences are always able to increase the value of some measured algorithm-performance indexes with respect to random sequences.
Abstract: This paper proposes an experimental analysis on the convergence of evolutionary algorithms (EAs). The effect of introducing chaotic sequences instead of random ones during all the phases of the evolution process is investigated. The approach is based on the substitution of the random number generator (RNG) with chaotic sequences. Several numerical examples are reported in order to compare the performance of the EA using random and chaotic generators as regards to both the results and the convergence speed. The results obtained show that some chaotic sequences are always able to increase the value of some measured algorithm-performance indexes with respect to random sequences. Moreover, it is shown that EAs can be extremely sensitive to different RNGs. Some t-tests were performed to confirm the improvements introduced by the proposed strategy.

484 citations


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: The generic denomination of ‘Memetic Algorithms’ (MAs) is used to encompass a broad class of metaheuristics (i.e. general purpose methods aimed to guide an underlying heuristic) and proved to be of practical success in a variety of problem domains and in particular for the approximate solution of NP Optimization problems.
Abstract: The generic denomination of ‘Memetic Algorithms’ (MAs) is used to encompass a broad class of metaheuristics (i.e. general purpose methods aimed to guide an underlying heuristic). The method is based on a population of agents and proved to be of practical success in a variety of problem domains and in particular for the approximate solution of NP Optimization problems. Unlike traditional Evolutionary Computation (EC) methods, MAs are intrinsically concerned with exploiting all available knowledge about the problem under study. The incorporation of problem domain knowledge is not an optional mechanism, but a fundamental feature that characterizes MAs. This functioning philosophy is perfectly illustrated by the term “memetic”. Coined by R. Dawkins [52], the word ‘meme’ denotes an analogous to the gene in the context of cultural evolution [154]. In Dawkins’ words:

479 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This taxonomy provides a unified context for long-term research in AE, so that implementation decisions can be compared and contrasted along known dimensions in the design space of embryogenic systems, and allows predicting how the settings of various AE parameters affect the capacity to efficiently evolve complex phenotypes.
Abstract: A major challenge for evolutionary computation is to evolve phenotypes such as neural networks, sensory systems, or motor controllers at the same level of complexity as found in biological organisms. In order to meet this challenge, many researchers are proposing indirect encodings, that is, evolutionary mechanisms where the same genes are used multiple times in the process of building a phenotype. Such gene reuse allows compact representations of very complex phenotypes. Development is a natural choice for implementing indirect encodings, if only because nature itself uses this very process. Motivated by the development of embryos in nature, we define artificial embryogeny (AE) as the subdiscipline of evolutionary computation (EC) in which phenotypes undergo a developmental phase. An increasing number of AE systems are currently being developed, and a need has arisen for a principled approach to comparing and contrasting, and ultimately building, such systems. Thus, in this paper, we develop a principled taxonomy for AE. This taxonomy provides a unified context for long-term research in AE, so that implementation decisions can be compared and contrasted along known dimensions in the design space of embryogenic systems. It also allows predicting how the settings of various AE parameters affect the capacity to efficiently evolve complex phenotypes.

465 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
24 Apr 2003
TL;DR: A modification of the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) intended to combat the problem of premature convergence observed in many applications of PSO, which is shown to perform significantly better than the original PSO algorithm and some of its variants, on many different benchmark optimization problems.
Abstract: This paper presents a modification of the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) intended to combat the problem of premature convergence observed in many applications of PSO. The proposed new algorithm moves particles towards nearby particles of higher fitness, instead of attracting each particle towards just the best position discovered so far by any particle. This is accomplished by using the ratio of the relative fitness and the distance of other particles to determine the direction in which each component of the particle position needs to be changed. The resulting algorithm (FDR-PSO) is shown to perform significantly better than the original PSO algorithm and some of its variants, on many different benchmark optimization problems. Empirical examination of the evolution of the particles demonstrates that the convergence of the algorithm does not occur at an early phase of particle evolution, unlike PSO. Avoiding premature convergence allows FDR-PSO to continue search for global optima in difficult multimodal optimization problems.

Journal ArticleDOI
M.T. Jensen1
TL;DR: A new and efficient algorithm for nondominated sorting, which can speed up the processing time of some multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) substantially and points out that multi objective EAs using fitness based on dominance counting and identification of nondominated solutions can be improved significantly in terms of running time by using efficient algorithms known from computer science instead of inefficient O(MN/sup 2/) algorithms.
Abstract: The last decade has seen a surge of research activity on multiobjective optimization using evolutionary computation and a number of well performing algorithms have been published. The majority of these algorithms use fitness assignment based on Pareto-domination: Nondominated sorting, dominance counting, or identification of the nondominated solutions. The success of these algorithms indicates that this type of fitness is suitable for multiobjective problems, but so far the use of Pareto-based fitness has lead to program run times in O(GMN/sup 2/), where G is the number of generations, M is the number of objectives, and N is the population size. The N/sup 2/ factor should be reduced if possible, since it leads to long processing times for large population sizes. This paper presents a new and efficient algorithm for nondominated sorting, which can speed up the processing time of some multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) substantially. The new algorithm is incorporated into the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) and reduces the overall run-time complexity of this algorithm to O(GN log/sup M-1/N), much faster than the O(GMN/sup 2/) complexity published by Deb et al. (2002). Experiments demonstrate that the improved version of the algorithm is indeed much faster than the previous one. The paper also points out that multiobjective EAs using fitness based on dominance counting and identification of nondominated solutions can be improved significantly in terms of running time by using efficient algorithms known from computer science instead of inefficient O(MN/sup 2/) algorithms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified price penalty factor is proposed to solve the combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) problem by considering both the economy and emission objectives, which is converted into a single objective function using a Price Penalty Factor approach.
Abstract: Economic load dispatch (ELD) and economic emission dispatch (EED) have been applied to obtain optimal fuel cost and optimal emission of generating units, respectively. Combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) problem is obtained by considering both the economy and emission objectives. This biobjective CEED problem is converted into a single objective function using a price penalty factor approach. A novel modified price penalty factor is proposed to solve the CEED problem. In this paper, evolutionary computation (EC) methods such as genetic algorithm (GA), micro GA (MGA), and evolutionary programming (EP) are applied to obtain ELD solutions for three-, six-, and 13-unit systems. Investigations showed that EP was better among EC methods in solving the ELD problem. EP-based CEED problem has been tested on IEEE 14-, 30-, and 118-bus systems with and without line flow constraints. A nonlinear scaling factor is also included in EP algorithm to improve the convergence performance for the 13 units and IEEE test systems. The solutions obtained are quite encouraging and useful in the economic emission environment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new data mining algorithm, called data mining by evolutionary learning (DMEL), to handle classification problems of which the accuracy of each predictions made has to be estimated and is able to predict churn accurately under different churn rates when applied to real telecom subscriber data.
Abstract: Classification is an important topic in data mining research. Given a set of data records, each of which belongs to one of a number of predefined classes, the classification problem is concerned with the discovery of classification rules that can allow records with unknown class membership to be correctly classified. Many algorithms have been developed to mine large data sets for classification models and they have been shown to be very effective. However, when it comes to determining the likelihood of each classification made, many of them are not designed with such purpose in mind. For this, they are not readily applicable to such problems as churn prediction. For such an application, the goal is not only to predict whether or not a subscriber would switch from one carrier to another, it is also important that the likelihood of the subscriber's doing so be predicted. The reason for this is that a carrier can then choose to provide a special personalized offer and services to those subscribers who are predicted with higher likelihood to churn. Given its importance, we propose a new data mining algorithm, called data mining by evolutionary learning (DMEL), to handle classification problems of which the accuracy of each predictions made has to be estimated. In performing its tasks, DMEL searches through the possible rule space using an evolutionary approach that has the following characteristics: 1) the evolutionary process begins with the generation of an initial set of first-order rules (i.e., rules with one conjunct/condition) using a probabilistic induction technique and based on these rules, rules of higher order (two or more conjuncts) are obtained iteratively; 2) when identifying interesting rules, an objective interestingness measure is used; 3) the fitness of a chromosome is defined in terms of the probability that the attribute values of a record can be correctly determined using the rules it encodes; and 4) the likelihood of predictions (or classifications) made are estimated so that subscribers can be ranked according to their likelihood to churn. Experiments with different data sets showed that DMEL is able to effectively discover interesting classification rules. In particular, it is able to predict churn accurately under different churn rates when applied to real telecom subscriber data.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A self-adaptive fitness formulation for solving constrained optimization problems by representing the constraint violations by a single infeasibility measure, which requires no parameter tuning and can be used as a fitness evaluator with any evolutionary algorithm.
Abstract: A self-adaptive fitness formulation is presented for solving constrained optimization problems. In this method, the dimensionality of the problem is reduced by representing the constraint violations by a single infeasibility measure. The infeasibility measure is used to form a two-stage penalty that is applied to the infeasible solutions. The performance of the method has been examined by its application to a set of eleven test cases from the specialized literature. The results have been compared with previously published results from the literature. It is shown that the method is able to find the optimum solutions. The proposed method requires no parameter tuning and can be used as a fitness evaluator with any evolutionary algorithm. The approach is also robust in its handling of both linear and nonlinear equality and inequality constraint functions. Furthermore, the method does not require an initial feasible solution.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
13 Jul 2003
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach to generate well-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions of the multiobjective EED problem in one single run and the comparison with the classical techniques demonstrates the superiority of the suggested approach and confirms its potential to solve the multi objective E ED problem.
Abstract: Summary form only given. This paper presents a new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch (EED) problem. The EED problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem. A new strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA) based approach is proposed to handle the EED as a true multiobjective optimization problem with competing and non-commensurable objectives. The proposed approach employs a diversity-preserving mechanism to overcome the premature convergence and search bias problems. A hierarchical clustering algorithm is also imposed to provide the decision maker with a representative and manageable Pareto-optimal set. Moreover, fuzzy set theory is employed to extract the best compromise nondominated solution. Several optimization runs of the proposed approach have been carried out on a standard test system. The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach to generate well-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions of the multiobjective EED problem in one single run. The comparison with the classical techniques demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach and confirms its potential to solve the multiobjective EED problem. In addition, the extension of the proposed approach to include more objectives is a straightforward process.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that the evolutionary instance selection algorithms consistently outperform the nonevolutionary ones, the main advantages being: better instance reduction rates, higher classification accuracy, and models that are easier to interpret.
Abstract: Evolutionary algorithms are adaptive methods based on natural evolution that may be used for search and optimization As data reduction in knowledge discovery in databases (KDDs) can be viewed as a search problem, it could be solved using evolutionary algorithms (EAs) In this paper, we have carried out an empirical study of the performance of four representative EA models in which we have taken into account two different instance selection perspectives, the prototype selection and the training set selection for data reduction in KDD This paper includes a comparison between these algorithms and other nonevolutionary instance selection algorithms The results show that the evolutionary instance selection algorithms consistently outperform the nonevolutionary ones, the main advantages being: better instance reduction rates, higher classification accuracy, and models that are easier to interpret

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A previous MOEA notation is extended into the p MOEA domain to enable precise description and identification of various sets of interest and innovative concepts for pMOEA migration, replacement and niching schemes are discussed, as well as presenting the first known generic pMOEE formulation.
Abstract: Developing multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) involves thoroughly addressing the issues of efficiency and effectiveness. Once convinced of an MOEA's effectiveness the researcher often desires to reduce execution time and/or resource expenditure, which naturally leads to considering the MOEA's parallelization. Parallel MOEAs (pMOEAs) or distributed MOEAs are relatively new developments with few associated publications. pMOEA creation is not a simple task, involving analyzing various parallel paradigms and associated parameters. Thus, a thorough discussion of the major parallelized MOEA paradigms is included in this paper and succinct observations are made regarding an analysis of the current literature. Specifically, a previous MOEA notation is extended into the pMOEA domain to enable precise description and identification of various sets of interest. Innovative concepts for pMOEA migration, replacement and niching schemes are discussed, as well as presenting the first known generic pMOEA formulation. Taken together, this paper's analyses in conjunction with an original pMOEA design serve as a pedagogical framework and example of the necessary process to implement an efficient and effective pMOEA.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work proposes representing spanning trees in EAs for network design problems directly as sets of their edges and describes initialization, recombination, and mutation operators for this representation, and demonstrates the usefulness of the edge-set encoding in an EA for the NP-hard degree-constrained minimum spanning-tree problem.
Abstract: The fundamental design choices in an evolutionary algorithm (EA) are its representation of candidate solutions and the operators that will act on that representation. We propose representing spanning trees in EAs for network design problems directly as sets of their edges and we describe initialization, recombination, and mutation operators for this representation. The operators offer locality, heritability, and computational efficiency. Initialization and recombination depend on an underlying random spanning-tree algorithm. Three choices for this algorithm, based on the minimum spanning-tree algorithms of Prim and Kruskal and on random walks, respectively, are examined analytically and empirically. We demonstrate the usefulness of the edge-set encoding in an EA for the NP-hard degree-constrained minimum spanning-tree problem. The algorithm's operators are easily extended to generate only feasible spanning trees and to incorporate local, problem-specific heuristics. Comparisons of this algorithm to others that encode candidate spanning trees via the Blob Code, with network random keys, and as strings of weights indicate the superiority of the edge-set encoding, particularly on larger instances.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 Dec 2003
TL;DR: It is shown that this newly developed evolutionary approach-Pareto-based multiobjective differential evolution (MODE) tends to be more effective in finding the Pareto front in the sense of accuracy and approximate representation of the real Pare to front with comparable efficiency.
Abstract: Evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMOO) finds a set of Pareto solutions rather than any single aggregated optimal solution for a multiobjective problem. The purpose is to describe a newly developed evolutionary approach-Pareto-based multiobjective differential evolution (MODE). The concept of differential evolution, which is well-known in the continuous single-objective domain for its fast convergence and adaptive parameter setting, is extended to the multiobjective problem domain. A Pareto-based approach is proposed to implement the differential vectors. A set of benchmark test functions is used to validate this new approach. We compare the computational results with those obtained in the literature, specifically by strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA). It is shown that this new approach tends to be more effective in finding the Pareto front in the sense of accuracy and approximate representation of the real Pareto front with comparable efficiency.

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Nov 2003
TL;DR: A hybrid multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (HMOEA) that incorporates various heuristics for local exploitation in the evolutionary search and the concept of Pareto's optimality for solving multiobjectives optimization in VRPTW is proposed.
Abstract: Vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) involves the routing of a set of vehicles with limited capacity from a central depot to a set of geographically dispersed customers with known demands and predefined time windows. This paper proposes a hybrid multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (HMOEA) that incorporates various heuristics for local exploitation in the evolutionary search and the concept of Pareto's optimality for solving multiobjective optimization in VRPTW problems. The proposed HMOEA optimizes all routing constraints and objectives simultaneously, which improves the routing solutions in many aspects, such as lower routing cost, wider scattering area and better convergence trace.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
24 Apr 2003
TL;DR: This paper presents a modified dynamic neighborhood particle swarm optimization (DNPSO) algorithm that is modified by using a dynamic neighborhood strategy, new particle memory updating, and one-dimension optimization to deal with multiple objectives.
Abstract: This paper presents a modified dynamic neighborhood particle swarm optimization (DNPSO) algorithm for multiobjective optimization problems. PSO is modified by using a dynamic neighborhood strategy, new particle memory updating, and one-dimension optimization to deal with multiple objectives. An extended memory is introduced to store global Pareto optimal solutions to reduce computation time. Several benchmark cases were tested and the results show that the modified DNPSO is much more efficient than the original DNPSO and other multiobjective optimization techniques.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 Dec 2003
TL;DR: The results show that mutation hinders the motion of the swarm on the sphere but the combination of CPSO with mutation provides a significant improvement in performance for the Rastrigin and Rosenbrock functions for all dimensions and the Ackley function for dimensions 20 and 30, with no improvement for the 10 dimensional case.
Abstract: The particle swarm optimization algorithms converges rapidly during the initial stages of a search, but often slows considerably and can get trapped in local optima. This paper examines the use of mutation to both speed up convergence and escape local minima. It compares the effectiveness of the basic particle swarm optimization scheme (BPSO) with each of BPSO with mutation, constriction particle swarm optimization (CPSO) with mutation, and CPSO without mutation. The four test functions used were the Sphere, Ackley, Rastrigin and Rosenbrock functions of dimensions 10, 20 and 30. The results show that mutation hinders the motion of the swarm on the sphere but the combination of CPSO with mutation provides a significant improvement in performance for the Rastrigin and Rosenbrock functions for all dimensions and the Ackley function for dimensions 20 and 30, with no improvement for the 10 dimensional case.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated thatMOEAs using the new data structures run significantly faster than standard, unconstrained archive MOEAs, and result in estimated Pareto fronts significantly ahead of MOE as using a constrained archive.
Abstract: Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) have been the subject of numerous studies over the past 20 years. Recent work has highlighted the use of an active archive of elite, nondominated solutions to improve the optimization speed of these algorithms. However, preserving all elite individuals is costly in time (due to the linear comparison with all archived solutions needed before a new solution can be inserted into the archive). Maintaining an elite population of a fixed maximum size (by clustering or other means) alleviates this problem, but can cause retreating (or oscillitory) and shrinking estimated Pareto fronts - which can affect the efficiency of the search process. New data structures are introduced to facilitate the use of an unconstrained elite archive, without the need for a linear comparison to the elite set for every new individual inserted. The general applicability of these data structures is shown by their use in an evolution-strategy-based MOEA and a genetic-algorithm-based MOEA. It is demonstrated that MOEAs using the new data structures run significantly faster than standard, unconstrained archive MOEAs, and result in estimated Pareto fronts significantly ahead of MOEAs using a constrained archive. It is also shown that the use of an unconstrained elite archive permits robust criteria for algorithm termination to be used, and that the use of the data structure can also be used to increase the speed of algorithms using /spl epsi/-dominance methods.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 Dec 2003
TL;DR: This inquiry explores the effectiveness of a class of modern evolutionary algorithms, represented by NSGA-II, for solving optimisation tasks with many conflicting objectives, via the concepts of dominance resistance and active diversity promotion.
Abstract: This inquiry explores the effectiveness of a class of modern evolutionary algorithms, represented by NSGA-II, for solving optimisation tasks with many conflicting objectives Optimiser behaviour is assessed for a grid of recombination operator configurations Performance maps are obtained for the dual aims of proximity to, and distribution across, the optimal trade-off surface Classical settings for recombination are shown to be suitable for small numbers of objectives but correspond to very poor performance as the number of objectives is increased, even when large population sizes are used Explanations for this behaviour are offered via the concepts of dominance resistance and active diversity promotion

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new diversity-preserving mechanism is presented, the Genetic Diversity Evaluation Method (GeDEM), which considers a distance-based measure of genetic diversity as a real objective in fitness assignment and provides a dual selection pressure towards the exploitation of current non-dominated solutions and the exploration of the search space.
Abstract: A key feature of an efficient and reliable multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is the ability to maintain genetic diversity within a population of solutions. In this paper, we present a new diversity-preserving mechanism, the Genetic Diversity Evaluation Method (GeDEM), which considers a distance-based measure of genetic diversity as a real objective in fitness assignment. This provides a dual selection pressure towards the exploitation of current non-dominated solutions and the exploration of the search space. We also introduce a new multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, the Genetic Diversity Evolutionary Algorithm (GDEA), strictly designed around GeDEM and then we compare it with other state-of-the-art algorithms on a well-established suite of test problems. Experimental results clearly indicate that the performance of GDEA is toplevel.

Book
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: This book offers a definitive resource to bridge the computer science and biology communities and offers industrial and academic researchers in computer science, biology, and bioinformatics an important resource for applying evolutionary computation.
Abstract: Bioinformatics has never been as popular as it is today. The genomics revolution is generating so much data in such rapid succession that it has become difficult for biologists to decipher. In particular, there are many problems in biology that are too large to solve with standard methods. Researchers in evolutionary computation (EC) have turned their attention to these problems. They understand the power of EC to rapidly search very large and complex spaces and return reasonable solutions. While these researchers are increasingly interested in problems from the biological sciences, EC and its problem-solving capabilities are generally not yet understood or applied in the biology community. This book offers a definitive resource to bridge the computer science and biology communities. Gary Fogel and David Corne, well-known representatives of these fields, introduce biology and bioinformatics to computer scientists, and evolutionary computation to biologists and computer scientists unfamiliar with these techniques. The fourteen chapters that follow are written by leading computer scientists and biologists who examine successful applications of evolutionary computation to various problems in the biological sciences. * Describes applications of EC to bioinformatics in a wide variety of areas including DNA sequencing, protein folding, gene and protein classification, drug targeting, drug design, data mining of biological databases, and biodata visualization.* Offers industrial and academic researchers in computer science, biology, and bioinformatics an important resource for applying evolutionary computation.* Includes a detailed appendix of biological data resources.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first step towards a systematic comparative study among different EAs and their first hitting times has been made in the paper, and the framework is built on the absorbing Markov chain model of evolutionary algorithms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Simulations show that DMOEA has the potential of autonomously determining the optimal population size, which is found insensitive to the initial population size chosen.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new evolutionary approach to multiobjective optimization problems - the dynamic multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (DMOEA). In DMOEA, a novel cell-based rank and density estimation strategy is proposed to efficiently compute dominance and diversity information when the population size varies dynamically. In addition, a population growing and declining strategies are designed to determine if an individual will survive or be eliminated based on some qualitative indicators. Meanwhile, an objective space compression strategy is devised to continuously refine the quality of the resulting Pareto front. By examining the selected performance metrics on three recently designed benchmark functions, DMOEA is found to be competitive with or even superior to five state-of-the-art MOEAs in terms of maintaining the diversity of the individuals along the tradeoff surface, tending to extend the Pareto front to new areas, and finding a well-approximated Pareto optimal front. Moreover, DMOEA is evaluated by using different parameter settings on the chosen test functions to verify its robustness of converging to an optimal population size, if it exists. Simulations show that DMOEA has the potential of autonomously determining the optimal population size, which is found insensitive to the initial population size chosen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm to optimize radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) in order to approach target functions from a set of input-output pairs by including some new genetic operators in the evolutionary process.
Abstract: This paper presents a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm to optimize radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) in order to approach target functions from a set of input-output pairs. The procedure allows the application of heuristics to improve the solution of the problem at hand by including some new genetic operators in the evolutionary process. These new operators are based on two well-known matrix transformations: singular value decomposition (SVD) and orthogonal least squares (OLS), which have been used to define new mutation operators that produce local or global modifications in the radial basis functions (RBFs) of the networks (the individuals in the population in the evolutionary procedure). After analyzing the efficiency of the different operators, we have shown that the global mutation operators yield an improved procedure to adjust the parameters of the RBFNNs.