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Showing papers on "Excoecaria agallocha published in 2000"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Chemical examination of the hexane extract of the roots of Excoecaria agallocha Linn collected from the Godavari estuary resulted in the isolation of altogether eleven diterpenoids of which five are new.

45 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Three novel diterpenoids, excoecarins D, E, and K (1-3), were isolated from Excoecaria agallocha on the basis of extensive NMR experiments and by X-ray analysis.
Abstract: Three novel diterpenoids, excoecarins D, E, and K (1-3), were isolated from Excoecaria agallocha. The structures of 1-3 were established as 3alpha,18-dihydroxy-3beta,20-epoxybeyer-15-ene, (15R, 16S)-ent-15,16-epoxybeyeran-3-one, and ent-3beta-hydroxykaur-16-en-2-one, respectively, on the basis of extensive NMR experiments and, in the case of 1, by X-ray analysis.

44 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sharp increases in amylase and polyphenol-oxidase activities were associated with enhanced rooting in E. agallocha, C. populnea and B. parviflora and when treated with IBA + NAA, and lowered IAA-oxIDase and peroxid enzyme activities favoured rooting in T. fomes.
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to optimise rooting in stem cuttings of the mangrove tree species Bruguiera parviflora, Cynometra iripa, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomes and Thespesia populnea. Cuttings were girdled or non-girdled and treated with the auxins indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) and amylase, IAA-oxidase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities were measured. The best rooting performance (in terms of root number) was in stem cuttings of E. agallocha followed by C. iripa and H. fomes when treated with IBA + NAA. IAA and IBA combinations were more effective in T. populnea and B. parvifolia. Variations in rooting response were markedly reflected in amylase, IAA-oxidase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities. Sharp increases in amylase and polyphenol-oxidase activities were associated with enhanced rooting in E. agallocha, C. iripa and H. fomes. On the contrary, lowered IAA-oxidase and peroxidase activities favoured rooting in T. populnea and B. parviflora. A higher number of roots occurred in pre-girdled cuttings in comparison to non-girdled cuttings.

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Large scale propagation of three mangrove species, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomesand Intsia bijugausing cuttings and air layering was attempted and maximum rooting was recorded when the cuttments and air layers were treated with IBA alone up to 2500 ppm.
Abstract: Large scale propagation of three mangrove species, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomesand Intsia bijugausing cuttings and air layering was attempted. The effect of auxins and season on rooting potential of these mangrove species was recorded. Maximum rooting was recorded when the cuttings and air layers were treated with IBA alone up to 2500 ppm in all the three species. October was found to be best followed by January for the plantation of cuttings and initiation of air layers. All the plants were hardened and field transferred into the mangrove forests of Pichavaram, Tamilnadu, India.

26 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two novel diterpenes, excoecarin M and N, were isolated from the resinous wood of Excoecaria agallocha and the structure determination was mainly based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.

23 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 2000-Genome
TL;DR: RAPD and RFLP analysis of male and female plants showed approximately the same level of variation in both sexes, and no sex-linked markers were found.
Abstract: Genomic DNA from 84 individuals of Excoecaria agallocha from seven mangrove populations were analysed for random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) using 16 random 10-mer primers. Polymorphism within populations varied from 20% to 31%. At the interpopulation level, 111/149 (74%) of RAPDs were polymorphic. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 21 individuals (3 individuals randomly selected from the 7 populations) using 30 probe-enzyme combinations revealed a high level of interpopulation polymorphism (62.2%) indicating interpopulation genetic divergence. The polymorphic RAPDs and RFLPs were pooled, and clustering was carried out based on mean similarity for individual populations. The dendrogram showed groupings of populations from the West and East Coasts of India into separate clusters, at 60% similarity level. Further, RAPD and RFLP analysis of male and female plants showed approximately the same level of variation in both sexes, and no sex-linked markers were found. These results demonstrate that considerable intrapopulation and interpopulation genetic variations exist in E. agallocha, and that lack of genetic variation is not the reason for the morphological uniformity observed across the range of the species.

21 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The leaf morphological data and DNA sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal genes show that E. agallocha from eastern Australia and E. ovalis from Western Australia respectively, are genetically uniform within species but differ from each other consistently, thus supporting species status, and suggests E. dallachyana is not closely related to either mangrove species.
Abstract: The tropical Indo-Pacific genus Excoecaria L. (Euphorbiaceae) has several closely related species in Australia whose taxonomic relationships are unclear. The most widely reported species in Australia is the mangrove species Excoecaria agallocha L. (type species), whose taxonomic and geographic limits are difficult to define from its closely related species or sub-species. Two additional taxa have also been described but not clearly differentiated from the type species: Excoecaria dallachyana Baillon and Excoecaria ovalis Endl. This project aimed to determine the taxonomic relationships of the Australian Excoecaria species using both leaf morphological data and DNA sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal genes. The nucleotide differences in the examined ITS1 region show that E. agallocha from eastern Australia and E. ovalis from Western Australia respectively, are genetically uniform within species but differ from each other consistently, thus supporting species status. The leaf morphological data also support this view: single factor analysis of variance consistently separated E. ovalis from E. agallocha on the basis of leaf width, leaf length and length of petiole. In contrast, E. ovalis from the Gulf of Carpentaria differs only slightly from E. ovalis in Western Australia, but no evidence was found to suggest any leaf morphological differentiation within this species. The analysis also suggests that E. dallachyana is not closely related to either mangrove species E. agallocha or E. ovalis, despite superficial morphological similarities.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two novel diterpenes, excoecarin M and N, were isolated from the resinous wood of Excoecaria agallocha and the structure determination was mainly based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.
Abstract: Two novel diterpenes, excoecarin M and N, were isolated from the resinous wood of Excoecaria agallocha. The structure determination was mainly based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The structure of compound 2 was confirmed by X-ray analysis.

3 citations